International Patent Filings Recover in 2010

Geneva, February 9, 2011
PR/2011/678

International patent filings under WIPO's Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) increased by 4.8% in 2010, with strong growth from China (+56.2%), the Republic of Korea (+20.5%), and Japan (+7.9%), offsetting a mixed performance in European countries and a continued decline in the United States (-1.7%). Provisional data indicates that 162,900¹ international patent applications were filed in 2010 as compared to the 155,398 applications filed in 2009 (annex 1).

“Overall PCT filings recovered from the economic crisis-induced drop in 2009, almost reaching their 2008 level,” said WIPO Director General Francis Gurry. “The fast growth rates from East Asia reflect acceleration in the geographic diversification of innovative activities. This trend has many implications, not least an increased linguistic diversity of the technology that patent offices use as a basis for determining whether an invention is patentable.”

Despite the 1.7% fall in 2010, the United States remains the largest user of the PCT system (annex 2) with 44,855 international applications, followed by Japan (32,156 filed applications) and Germany (+2.2%, 17,171). China (12,337) overtook the Republic of Korea (9,686) in 2010 as the fourth-ranked PCT filing country. France maintained its 6th place position (-0.6%, 7,193), followed by United Kingdom (-3.7%, 4,857), Netherlands (-8.2%, 4,097), Switzerland (-1.6%, 3,611), Sweden (-11.6%, 3,152), Canada (+7.1%, 2,707), Italy (-0.8%, 2,632), Finland (-2.2%, 2,076), Australia (-0.2%, 1,736) and Spain (+10.3%, 1,725).

Top Applicants (annex 3)

Panasonic Corporation (Japan, 2,154) kept the top spot in the list of PCT applications published in 2010, followed by Chinese telecommunications giant ZTE Corporation (1,863), and Qualcomm Incorporated (USA, 1,677). A second Chinese company—Huawei Technologies (1,528)—occupies the fourth rank, followed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Netherlands, 1,435 applications), Robert Bosch GMBH (Germany, 1,301 applications), and LG Electronics (Republic of Korea, 1,298 applications).

The University of California (306) accounted for the largest number of applications published in the category of academic institutions. The top four university PCT users are from the United States (University of California, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Texas and University of Florida). The number of Japanese academic institutions in the top 50 university ranking increased from 6 in 2009 to 10 in 2010 (annex 4).

Fields of Technology (annex 5)

Digital Communication saw the fastest growth (17.3%, 10,581 published applications) in 2010. This technical field accounted for the largest share of total PCT applications published in 2010 (up from the third largest share in 2009). Almost every other field of technology experienced declines or modest growth. The sharpest decline in patenting was seen in the field of telecommunications.

The main fields of technology in which PCT applications are published are broken down according to the International Patent Classification (IPC) – a classification system designed to facilitate the retrieval of technical information found in patent documents worldwide.

Background

The PCT offers inventors and industry an advantageous route for obtaining patent protection internationally. By filing one "international" patent application under the PCT, protection of an invention can be sought simultaneously in each of a large number of countries. Both applicants and patent offices of PCT member states benefit from the uniform formality requirements, the international search and preliminary examination reports, and the centralized international publication provided by the PCT system. The national patent granting procedure and the related expenses are postponed, in the majority of cases, by up to 18 months (or even longer in the case of some offices) as compared with the traditional patent system. By this time, the applicant will have received important value-added information concerning the likelihood of obtaining patent protection as well as potential commercial interest in that invention. The PCT has 142 member states.

Annexes

(1) PCT international applications – Top 15 countries

Ranking	Country	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010 estimate	2010 percent	2010 growth
1	United States of America	51,280	54,043	51,637	45,618	44,855	27.5%	-1.7%
2	Japan	27,025	27,743	28,760	29,802	32,156	19.7%	7.9%
3	Germany	16,736	17,821	18,855	16,797	17,171	10.5%	2.2%
4	China	3,942	5,455	6,120	7,900	12,337	7.6%	56.2%
5	Republic of Korea	5,945	7,064	7,899	8,035	9,686	5.9%	20.5%
6	France	6,256	6,560	7,072	7,237	7,193	4.4%	-0.6%
7	United Kingdom	5,097	5,542	5,466	5,044	4,857	3.0%	-3.7%
8	Netherlands	4,553	4,433	4,363	4,462	4,097	2.5%	-8.2%
9	Switzerland	3,621	3,833	3,799	3,671	3,611	2.2%	-1.6%
10	Sweden	3,336	3,655	4,137	3,567	3,152	1.9%	-11.6%
11	Canada	2,575	2,879	2,976	2,527	2,707	1.7%	7.1%
12	Italy	2,698	2,946	2,883	2,652	2,632	1.6%	-0.8%
13	Finland	1,846	2,009	2,214	2,123	2,076	1.3%	-2.2%
14	Australia	1,996	2,052	1,938	1,740	1,736	1.1%	-0.2%
15	Spain	1,204	1,297	1,390	1,564	1,725	1.1%	10.3%
	All Others	11,531	12,595	13,725	12,659	12,909	7.9%	2.0%
	Total	149,641	159,927	163,234	155,398	162,900

(2) PCT international application by technical fields

	Technical Field	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	Increase Compared with 2009
I: Electrical Engineering
1	Electrical machinery, apparatus, energy	7,000	7,874	8,933	8,972	9,143	1.9%
2	Audio-visual technology	4,723	4,893	4,736	4,405	4,245	-3.6%
3	Telecommunications	6,401	7,369	8,014	7,331	6,230	-15.0%
4	Digital communication	5,972	7,574	8,731	9,022	10,581	17.3%
5	Basic communication processes	1,302	1,360	1,462	1,396	1,273	-8.8%
6	Computer technology	9,916	11,208	11,708	10,268	9,540	-7.1%
7	IT methods for management	1,662	1,963	2,458	2,167	2,058	-5.0%
8	Semiconductors	4,339	4,681	5,039	5,612	5,847	4.2%
II: Instruments
9	Optics	4,089	4,270	4,548	4,312	4,178	-3.1%
10	Measurement	5,947	6,547	6,844	6,746	6,377	-5.5%
11	Analysis of biological materials	1,717	1,747	1,800	1,864	1,759	-5.6%
12	Control	2,348	2,389	2,526	2,387	2,102	-11.9%
13	Medical technology	9,640	10,478	11,069	10,454	10,465	0.1%
III: Chemistry
14	Organic fine chemistry	5,976	6,057	6,107	5,677	5,511	-2.9%
15	Biotechnology	4,875	5,120	5,287	5,285	5,206	-1.5%
16	Pharmaceuticals	8,680	8,797	8,968	8,473	7,843	-7.4%
17	Macromolecular chemistry, polymers	2,994	3,064	3,135	3,085	2,812	-8.8%
18	Food chemistry	1,582	1,575	1,685	1,525	1,525	0.0%
19	Basic materials chemistry	3,897	4,400	4,711	4,676	4,567	-2.3%
20	Materials, metallurgy	2,369	2,555	2,798	2,755	2,859	3.8%
21	Surface technology, coating	2,595	2,594	2,668	2,466	2,436	-1.2%
22	Micro-structural and nano-technology	196	246	305	350	342	-2.3%
23	Chemical engineering	3,349	3,464	3,790	3,625	3,564	-1.7%
24	Environmental technology	1,700	1,972	2,232	2,216	2,131	-3.8%
IV: Mechanical engineering
25	Handling	3,754	3,984	3,900	3,721	3,619	-2.7%
26	Machine tools	2,651	2,834	3,202	2,951	2,710	-8.2%
27	Engines, pumps, turbines	3,181	3,615	4,132	4,380	4,288	-2.1%
28	Textile and paper machines	2,513	2,233	2,300	2,159	1,944	-10.0%
29	Other special machines	3,580	3,655	4,086	3,981	3,741	-6.0%
30	Thermal processes and apparatus	1,594	1,856	2,129	2,359	2,379	0.8%
31	Mechanical elements	3,461	3,852	4,404	4,136	4,002	-3.2%
32	Transport	4,814	5,300	5,966	5,834	5,455	-6.5%
V: Other fields
33	Furniture, games	3,397	3,653	3,635	3,279	3,078	-6.1%
34	Other consumer goods	2,752	2,933	3,161	3,005	3,000	-0.2%
35	Civil engineering	3,577	3,847	4,337	4,411	4,354	-1.3%

(3) Published PCT international applications by top applicants

2010 Ranking	Position Changed	Applicant's Name	Country of Origin	PCT application published in 2010	Increased over 2009
1	0	PANASONIC CORPORATION	Japan	2,154	263
2	20	ZTE CORPORATION	China	1,863	1,346
3	2	QUALCOMM INCORPORATED	United States of America	1,677	397
4	-2	HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.	China	1,528	-319
5	-1	KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.	Netherlands	1,435	140
6	-3	ROBERT BOSCH GMBH	Germany	1,301	-287
7	0	LG ELECTRONICS INC.	Republic of Korea	1,298	208
8	2	SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA	Japan	1,286	289
9	-3	TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)	Sweden	1,149	-92
10	-2	NEC CORPORATION	Japan	1,106	37
11	-2	TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA	Japan	1,095	27
12	-1	SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT	Germany	833	-99
13	0	BASF SE	Germany	818	79
14	5	MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION	Japan	726	157
15	0	NOKIA CORPORATION	Finland	632	-31
16	-2	3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY	United States of America	586	-102
17	0	SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.	Republic of Korea	578	-18
18	2	HEWLETT-PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, L.P.	United States of America	564	10
19	-7	FUJITSU LIMITED	Japan	476	-341
20	-4	MICROSOFT CORPORATION	United States of America	469	-175
21	2	E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY	United States of America	452	-57
22	5	INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION	United States of America	416	15
23	8	MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.	Japan	391	18
24	3	CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA	Japan	379	-22
25	56	HITACHI, LTD.	Japan	373	183
26	0	BSH BOSCH UND SIEMENS HAUSGERATE GMBH	Germany	371	-42
27	9	THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY	United States of America	359	18
28	10	SONY CORPORATION	Japan	347	19
29	13	NOKIA SIEMENS NETWORKS OY	Finland	345	32
30	-12	NXP B.V.	Netherlands	320	-273
30	5	SUMITOMO CHEMICAL COMPANY, LIMITED	Japan	320	-26
32	7	KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA	Japan	318	-9
33	15	APPLIED MATERIALS, INC.	United States of America	313	17
34	0	THOMSON LICENSING	France	311	-48
35	6	HONDA MOTOR CO., LTD.	Japan	309	-9
36	27	COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES	France	308	70
37	-8	BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED	United States of America	307	-68
38	2	THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA	United States of America	306	-15
38	20	MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.	Japan	306	52
40	13	FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V.	Germany	298	33
40	21	NTT DOCOMO, INC.	Japan	298	49
42	-21	MOTOROLA, INC.	United States of America	290	-248
42	8	PIONEER CORPORATION	Japan	290	7
44	-19	SONY ERICSSON MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS AB	Sweden	289	-146
44	2	DOW GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES INC.	United States of America	289	-15
44	20	MEDTRONIC, INC.	United States of America	289	53
47	-4	EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY	United States of America	284	-27
48	-15	KYOCERA CORPORATION	Japan	279	-83
49	1	ALCATEL LUCENT	France	275	-8
49	5	FUJIFILM CORPORATION	Japan	275	11
49	7	HENKEL KOMMANDITGESELLSCHAFT AUF AKTIEN	Germany	275	14
52	-8	GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY	United States of America	274	-33
53	-4	CORNING INCORPORATED	United States of America	268	-17
54	-24	DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, LTD.	Japan	256	-118
55	17	KONICA MINOLTA OPTO, INC.	Japan	252	38
56	11	BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION	Japan	247	23
57	89	RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED	Canada	217	107
58	18	LG CHEM, LTD.	Republic of Korea	207	-3
59	6	PANASONIC ELECTRIC WORKS CO., LTD.	Japan	206	-29
60	45	CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE	France	204	55
61	5	F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE AG	Switzerland	202	-23
62	6	ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC.	United States of America	201	-20
62	26	INTEL CORPORATION	United States of America	201	25
64	-10	SCHLUMBERGER CANADA LIMITED	Canada	200	-64
65	27	L'OREAL	France	198	28
66	5	NOVARTIS AG	Switzerland	190	-28
67	25	NESTEC S.A.	Switzerland	189	19
67	29	RAYTHEON COMPANY	United States of America	189	25
69	99	NIPPON STEEL CORPORATION	Japan	188	91
70	-1	FRANCE TELECOM	France	183	-37
71	29	APPLE COMPUTER, INC.	United States of America	182	23
72	15	ASAHI GLASS COMPANY, LIMITED	Japan	181	4
72	53	KONICA MINOLTA HOLDINGS, INC.	Japan	181	51
74	-15	RENAULT S.A.S.	France	180	-73
74	-12	DSM IP ASSETS B.V.	Netherlands	180	-63
74	653	HITACHI HIGH-TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION	Japan	180	156
77	-18	ZF FRIEDRICHSHAFEN AG	Germany	176	-77
78	-26	NIKON CORPORATION	Japan	175	-92
79	-55	ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INSTITUTE	Republic of Korea	174	-278
80	9	SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.	Netherlands	171	-3
80	47	GOOGLE, INC.	United States of America	171	42
82	-45	CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE GMBH	Germany	170	-164
82	-13	EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH	Germany	170	-50
82	-9	OSRAM GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANKTER HAFTUNG	Germany	170	-42
82	16	UNILEVER PLC	United Kingdom	170	10
86	n/a	SCHAEFFLER TECHNOLOGIES GMBH & CO. KG	Germany	167	167
86	15	SHOWA DENKO K.K.	Japan	167	12
88	n/a	HUAWEI DEVICE CO., LTD.	China	164	164
88	68	SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD.	Japan	164	58
90	14	MERCK PATENT GMBH	Germany	162	11
90	42	HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES, INC.	United States of America	162	37
92	21	BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INTERNATIONAL GMBH	Germany	160	21
93	13	AGENCY FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH	Singapore	154	6
94	-11	FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.	United States of America	153	-28
95	-13	MICRON TECHNOLOGY, INC.	United States of America	152	-30
95	35	ARCELIK ANONIM SIRKETI	Turkey	152	25
97	-5	AIRBUS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH	Germany	151	-19
98	n/a	MERCK SHARP & DOHME CORP.	United States of America	150	150
99	-16	TOKYO ELECTRON LIMITED	Japan	147	-34
99	34	UNI-CHARM CORPORATION	Japan	147	23
99	183	PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA	France	147	87

(4) Published PCT international applications by top university applicants

2010 Ranking	Position Changed	Applicant's Name	Country of Origin	PCT application published in 2010	Increased over 2009
38	2	THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA	United States of America	306	-15
103	4	MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY	United States of America	145	0
115	16	BOARD OF REGENTS, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SYSTEM	United States of America	130	4
144	0	UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA	United States of America	107	-4
145	33	THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO	Japan	105	11
168	-22	THE TRUSTEES OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK	United States of America	91	-19
168	-18	PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE	United States of America	91	-18
176	16	THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY	United States of America	89	2
183	576	SNU R&DB FOUNDATION	Republic of Korea	86	63
202	112	ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS	United States of America	80	25
206	74	THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN	United States of America	79	18
218	-7	THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA	United States of America	75	-5
242	110	CORNELL UNIVERSITY	United States of America	71	22
287	163	OSAKA UNIVERSITY	Japan	60	22
291	-29	UNIVERSITY OF UTAH RESEARCH FOUNDATION	United States of America	59	-7
291	42	THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS	United States of America	59	7
302	-64	WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY	United States of America	57	-15
327	-70	THE BOARD OF TRUSTESS OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	United States of America	54	-13
342	59	KOREA ADVANCED INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY	Republic of Korea	52	9
349	-16	CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY	United States of America	50	-2
349	36	PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION	United States of America	50	5
357	93	DUKE UNIVERSITY	United States of America	49	11
368	-101	WISCONSIN ALUMNI RESEARCH FOUNDATION	United States of America	48	-16
376	-94	UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA	United States of America	47	-13
376	9	KYOTO UNIVERSITY	Japan	47	2
376	265	INDUSTRY-UNIVERSITY COOPERATION FOUNDATION HANYANG UNIVERSITY	Republic of Korea	47	20
386	-1	ISIS INNOVATION LIMITED	United Kingdom	46	1
414	117	YISSUM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT COMPANY OF THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM	Israel	43	10
430	7	TOHOKU UNIVERSITY	Japan	41	2
430	42	THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL	United States of America	41	4
443	47	EIDGENOSSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZURICH	Switzerland	40	4
448	-31	UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS	United States of America	39	-2
462	-122	INDUSTRY-ACADEMIC COOPERATION FOUNDATION,YONSEI UNIVERSITY	Republic of Korea	38	-13
462	-93	RAMOT AT TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY LTD.	Israel	38	-9
462	55	KEIO UNIVERSITY	Japan	38	4
462	89	NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY	United States of America	38	6
462	120	NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY	Japan	38	8
486	-76	IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE	United Kingdom	37	-5
486	241	INDIANA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION	United States of America	37	13
497	85	UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI	United States of America	36	6
497	230	NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY	Japan	36	12
526	-76	THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO	United States of America	34	-4
526	71	THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND	Australia	34	5
526	115	NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CORPORATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY	Japan	34	7
526	201	EMORY UNIVERSITY	United States of America	34	10
559	-158	THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION	United States of America	32	-11
559	-109	THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK	United States of America	32	-6
580	-143	POSTECH FOUNDATION	Republic of Korea	31	-8
580	212	NIHON UNIVERSITY	Japan	31	9
593	48	UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, BALTIMORE	United States of America	30	3
593	267	NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF CORPORATION HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY	Japan	30	10

(5) PCT international applications by countries

Country	2006	2007	2008	2,009	2010 Estimate
Afghanistan
Albania	1				1
Algeria	3	12	10	8	2
Andorra	3	3	7	2	10
Angola					1
Antigua and Barbuda	1			5	1
Argentina	20	32	24	10	15
Armenia	7	4	7	5	5
Australia	1,996	2,052	1,938	1,740	1,736
Austria	911	1,009	953	1,024	1,070
Azerbaijan	13	7	4	8	1
Bahamas	19	39	30	26	21
Bahrain			3	1
Bangladesh				1	1
Barbados	251	366	251	96	85
Belarus	19	9	10	19	11
Belgium	1,030	1,124	1,135	1,008	1,009
Belize	1	2	4	2	1
Benin	1		1
Bhutan
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)		1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	8	13	9	11	14
Botswana			1
Brazil	333	398	472	493	442
Brunei Darussalam	1
Bulgaria	25	29	28	25	27
Burkina Faso			1
Burundi	2	1		1
Cambodia
Cameroon	1	1	1	9	1
Canada	2,575	2,879	2,976	2,527	2,707
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad					1
Chile	12	17	27	54	77
China	3,942	5,455	6,120	7,900	12,337
Colombia	27	44	37	63	48
Comoros
Congo			1
Costa Rica	6	3	8	4	3
Côte d'Ivoire					1
Croatia	76	79	56	38	51
Cuba	21	22	11	9	4
Cyprus	53	65	38	41	44
Czech Republic	107	132	155	178	135
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	3	2	7	1	2
Democratic Republic of the Congo			2
Denmark	1,158	1,151	1,357	1,344	1,140
Djibouti
Dominica				1
Dominican Republic		2	5	1	3
Ecuador	7	2	4	4	26
Egypt	41	40	42	33	46
El Salvador			3	3
Equatorial Guinea	1
Eritrea
Estonia	18	29	36	30	44
Ethiopia
Fiji		1
Finland	1,846	2,009	2,214	2,123	2,076
France	6,256	6,560	7,072	7,237	7,193
Gabon			1	1	1
Gambia
Georgia	9	8	8	4	5
Germany	16,736	17,821	18,855	16,797	17,171
Ghana	1		3
Greece	87	87	106	100	87
Grenada			1
Guatemala		1	14	2	2
Guinea					1
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras			3	1
Hungary	144	166	173	142	166
Iceland	55	51	66	57	53
India	833	902	1,072	961	1,109
Indonesia	8	9	10	7	15
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	3	3	2	7	5
Iraq		1
Ireland	428	422	481	482	424
Israel	1,593	1,737	1,899	1,555	1,481
Italy	2,698	2,946	2,883	2,652	2,632
Jamaica	1	1		2
Japan	27,025	27,743	28,760	29,802	32,156
Jordan	6	22	7	1
Kazakhstan	17	16	4	21	18
Kenya	4	3	1	5	4
Kiribati
Kuwait	1	2	2	1
Kyrgyzstan		2		1	1
Lao People's Democratic Republic					7
Latvia	17	21	18	24	26
Lebanon	5	2	1	2	4
Lesotho
Liberia
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya			1	4	1
Liechtenstein	76	68	371	55	68
Lithuania	10	13	18	23	10
Luxembourg	128	166	228	229	249
Madagascar			1
Malawi
Malaysia	61	110	206	224	302
Maldives
Mali
Malta	17	16	25	32	22
Marshall Islands	1	1			1
Mauritania
Mauritius	7	10	3	2	2
Mexico	169	186	203	194	144
Micronesia
Moldova	7	4	6	2	1
Monaco	16	5	17	13	15
Mongolia	6		3	2
Montenegro	2
Morocco	10	18	15	24	15
Mozambique
Myanmar			1
Namibia	1	2		4	26
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands	4,553	4,433	4,363	4,462	4,097
New Zealand	354	400	358	301	273
Nicaragua					1
Niger				1
Nigeria	1	1		1	2
Norway	611	595	630	630	699
Oman				2	4
Pakistan	3	4			1
Palau
Panama	16	14	9	10	5
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru	1	1	2	10	7
Philippines	24	17	13	21	15
Poland	101	107	128	173	180
Portugal	68	93	98	163	117
Qatar				1	7
Republic of Korea	5,945	7,064	7,899	8,035	9,686
Romania	28	31	14	24	9
Russian Federation	687	689	763	711	560
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis	1	3	1	2	2
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines			3	3	2
Samoa	1		5	6	5
San Marino	5	18	9	8	5
Sao Tome and Principe
Saudi Arabia	53	45	60	70	78
Senegal	3	1
Serbia	8	23	37	26	19
Seychelles	10	6	17	9	10
Sierra Leone	2				2
Singapore	474	519	586	593	637
Slovakia	31	38	41	33	45
Slovenia	80	87	108	137	121
Solomon Islands
Somalia
South Africa	421	406	392	374	275
Spain	1,204	1,297	1,390	1,564	1,725
Sri Lanka	3	7	10	16	9
Sudan	2	4	3
Suriname
Swaziland	1
Sweden	3,336	3,655	4,137	3,567	3,152
Switzerland	3,621	3,833	3,799	3,671	3,611
Syrian Arab Republic	7	2	5	9	12
T F Y R of Macedonia	2	5	2	2	2
Tajikistan
Thailand	11	6	17	20	69
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago	3	3		2
Tunisia	3	8	4	6	9
Turkey	269	359	392	389	401
Turkmenistan			1
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine	77	90	94	79	95
United Arab Emirates	15	20	24	28	29
United Kingdom	5,097	5,542	5,466	5,044	4,857
United Republic of Tanzania			1
United States of America	51,280	54,043	51,637	45,618	44,855
Unknown	232	284	169	38	573
Uruguay	5	4	8	9	5
Uzbekistan	1		2		4
Vanuatu	1			1
Venezuela	2	5	3	1	1
Viet Nam	11	6	6	5	7
Yemen				1	3
Zambia				1	1
Zimbabwe				1
Grand Total	149,641	159,927	163,234	155,398	162,900

________________________
1 Provisional estimate – WIPO continues to receive PCT applications filed with national offices in 2010 throughout the first half of the year.

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