عن الملكية الفكرية التدريب في مجال الملكية الفكرية إذكاء الاحترام للملكية الفكرية التوعية بالملكية الفكرية الملكية الفكرية لفائدة… الملكية الفكرية و… الملكية الفكرية في… معلومات البراءات والتكنولوجيا معلومات العلامات التجارية معلومات التصاميم الصناعية معلومات المؤشرات الجغرافية معلومات الأصناف النباتية (الأوبوف) القوانين والمعاهدات والأحكام القضائية المتعلقة بالملكية الفكرية مراجع الملكية الفكرية تقارير الملكية الفكرية حماية البراءات حماية العلامات التجارية حماية التصاميم الصناعية حماية المؤشرات الجغرافية حماية الأصناف النباتية (الأوبوف) تسوية المنازعات المتعلقة بالملكية الفكرية حلول الأعمال التجارية لمكاتب الملكية الفكرية دفع ثمن خدمات الملكية الفكرية هيئات صنع القرار والتفاوض التعاون التنموي دعم الابتكار الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص أدوات وخدمات الذكاء الاصطناعي المنظمة العمل مع الويبو المساءلة البراءات العلامات التجارية التصاميم الصناعية المؤشرات الجغرافية حق المؤلف الأسرار التجارية أكاديمية الويبو الندوات وحلقات العمل إنفاذ الملكية الفكرية WIPO ALERT إذكاء الوعي اليوم العالمي للملكية الفكرية مجلة الويبو دراسات حالة وقصص ناجحة في مجال الملكية الفكرية أخبار الملكية الفكرية جوائز الويبو الأعمال الجامعات الشعوب الأصلية الأجهزة القضائية الموارد الوراثية والمعارف التقليدية وأشكال التعبير الثقافي التقليدي الاقتصاد التمويل الأصول غير الملموسة المساواة بين الجنسين الصحة العالمية تغير المناخ سياسة المنافسة أهداف التنمية المستدامة التكنولوجيات الحدودية التطبيقات المحمولة الرياضة السياحة ركن البراءات تحليلات البراءات التصنيف الدولي للبراءات أَردي – البحث لأغراض الابتكار أَردي – البحث لأغراض الابتكار قاعدة البيانات العالمية للعلامات مرصد مدريد قاعدة بيانات المادة 6(ثالثاً) تصنيف نيس تصنيف فيينا قاعدة البيانات العالمية للتصاميم نشرة التصاميم الدولية قاعدة بيانات Hague Express تصنيف لوكارنو قاعدة بيانات Lisbon Express قاعدة البيانات العالمية للعلامات الخاصة بالمؤشرات الجغرافية قاعدة بيانات الأصناف النباتية (PLUTO) قاعدة بيانات الأجناس والأنواع (GENIE) المعاهدات التي تديرها الويبو ويبو لكس - القوانين والمعاهدات والأحكام القضائية المتعلقة بالملكية الفكرية معايير الويبو إحصاءات الملكية الفكرية ويبو بورل (المصطلحات) منشورات الويبو البيانات القطرية الخاصة بالملكية الفكرية مركز الويبو للمعارف الاتجاهات التكنولوجية للويبو مؤشر الابتكار العالمي التقرير العالمي للملكية الفكرية معاهدة التعاون بشأن البراءات – نظام البراءات الدولي ePCT بودابست – نظام الإيداع الدولي للكائنات الدقيقة مدريد – النظام الدولي للعلامات التجارية eMadrid الحماية بموجب المادة 6(ثالثاً) (الشعارات الشرفية، الأعلام، شعارات الدول) لاهاي – النظام الدولي للتصاميم eHague لشبونة – النظام الدولي لتسميات المنشأ والمؤشرات الجغرافية eLisbon UPOV PRISMA UPOV e-PVP Administration UPOV e-PVP DUS Exchange الوساطة التحكيم قرارات الخبراء المنازعات المتعلقة بأسماء الحقول نظام النفاذ المركزي إلى نتائج البحث والفحص (CASE) خدمة النفاذ الرقمي (DAS) WIPO Pay الحساب الجاري لدى الويبو جمعيات الويبو اللجان الدائمة الجدول الزمني للاجتماعات WIPO Webcast وثائق الويبو الرسمية أجندة التنمية المساعدة التقنية مؤسسات التدريب في مجال الملكية الفكرية الدعم المتعلق بكوفيد-19 الاستراتيجيات الوطنية للملكية الفكرية المساعدة في مجالي السياسة والتشريع محور التعاون مراكز دعم التكنولوجيا والابتكار نقل التكنولوجيا برنامج مساعدة المخترعين WIPO GREEN WIPO's PAT-INFORMED اتحاد الكتب الميسّرة اتحاد الويبو للمبدعين WIPO Translate أداة تحويل الكلام إلى نص مساعد التصنيف الدول الأعضاء المراقبون المدير العام الأنشطة بحسب كل وحدة المكاتب الخارجية المناصب الشاغرة المشتريات النتائج والميزانية التقارير المالية الرقابة
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القوانين المعاهدات الأحكام التصفح بحسب الاختصاص القضائي

The Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law (Law No. 51/2015 of August 26, 2015)، ميانمار

عودة للخلف
أحدث إصدار في ويبو لِكس
التفاصيل التفاصيل سنة الإصدار 2015 تواريخ بدء النفاذ : 26 أغسطس 2015 نص مسَّن : 26 أغسطس 2015 نوع النص نصوص أخرى الموضوع مواضيع أخرى ملاحظات Section 20(a) under Chapter VIII of the Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law states that no one can take photos or videos, makes films and miniatures for ancient monuments stipulated as listed ancient monuments by the Ministry of Culture for commercial purposes, without a written prior permission.

المواد المتاحة

النصوص الرئيسية النصوص ذات الصلة
النصوص الرئيسية النصوص الرئيسية بالميانمارية، (البورمية) ရှေးဟောင်းအဆောက်အအုံများကာကွယ်ထိန်းသိမ်းရေးဥပဒေ (၂၆.၀၈.၂၀၁၅ ) ၂၆.၀၈.၂၀၁၅ ) (ပြည်ထောင်စုလွှတ်တော်ဥပဒေအမှတ် ၅၁။)       بالإنكليزية The Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law (Law No. 51/2015 of August 26, 2015)         
 


The Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law

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The Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law

(The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw Law No. 51, 2015)

The 11th Waxing of Wagaung, 1377 M.E.

(26 August, 2015)

The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw hereby enacts this Law.

Chapter I

Title and Definition

1. This Law shall be called the Protection and Preservation of Ancient Monuments Law.

2. The following expressions in this Law shall have the meanings given hereunder:

(a) Ancient Monument means building sites lived, made, used and built by human beings including

geological environments where fossils of over one hundred years old are found above or under the

ground or above or under the water;

(b) Listed Ancient Monument means a building included in the listed ancient monuments prescribed by

the Ministry by notification;

(c) Protection and preservation includes protecting and preserving an ancient monument and its

environment, fencing that monument and carrying out to access easily there in accord with the

requirement, repairing without altering the original form, renovating, cleaning, and modifying by

scientific method including archaeological engineering, chemical and other methods for the purpose of

perpetuation of them;

(e) Ministry means the Ministry of Culture of the Union Government;

(f) Department means the Department of Archaeology and National Museum;

(g) Division delegated by the Department means the branches of the Department of Archaeology and

National Museum opened in States and Regions.

Chapter II

Objectives

3. The objectives of this Law are as follows:

(a) to implement the policy of protection and preservation for the perpetuation of ancient monuments;

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(b) to protect and preserve ancient monuments so as not to deteriorate due to natural disaster or man-

made destruction;

(c) to uplift hereditary pride and to cause dynamism of patriotic spirit by protecting and preserving

ancient monuments;

(d) to have public awareness of the high value of ancient monuments;

(e) to protect and preserve ancient monuments from destruction;

(f) to search and maintain ancient monuments;

(g) to carry out in respect of protection and preservation of ancient monuments in conformity with the

International Convention and Regional Agreement ratified by the State.

Chapter III

Specification of an Ancient Monument

4. The following buildings which are consistent with the definitions in sub-section (a) of Section 2 are

specified as ancient monuments:

(a) religious buildings including zedi, stupa, temple, monastery, brick monastery, rest house, buddhist

ordination hall, worship monument, brick mounds and collapsed damages;

(b) ancient city, palace, city wall, moat, earth bunker, gate, archway, gateway, forts, residential buildings,

residential site, garden, working site, and ancient mounds dwelt by ancient people and their remains;

(c) natural or man-made cave where human beings had dwelt, natural cave, ancient rock cave, other

residential place and geological environments including mound, brook, depression, hole, ravine, and

river terrace where ancient people had dwelt and the places where primates and other fossils are

found;

(d) place where objects of ancient people were made, pottery kiln, glazed kiln, iron furnace, glass furnace

and other metal furnace and places related to them;

(e) ancient monument, road, bridge, excavations, well, lake, pond and, gravel stone made as monumental

structure, stone pillar, heaped stone, cemetery, burial site, burial building, cave and pavilion;

(f) epigraphy, archive and the building where they are placed or epigraph cave, monumental structure,

pillars and stone slabs;

(g) the buildings that should be protected and preserved by the State because of their high cultural,

historical, architectural and artistic value;

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(h) other buildings stipulated as listed ancient monuments by the Ministry by notification.

Chapter IV

Protection, Preservation, Return and Acceptance of Ancient Monuments

5. The Ministry shall carry out the following:

(a) maintaining and protecting ancient monuments for perpetuation;

(b) protecting and preserving in advance so as not to deteriorate due to the climatic condition, natural

disaster, man-made destruction and any other means;

(c) searching ancient monuments situated across the State, putting them in the list of ancient

monuments, and protecting and preserving them;

(d) carrying out educative programme for taking pride in the value of ancient monuments and for

protection and preservation of them by the public.

6. The Ministry may, for the perpetuation of any ancient monument, carry out as follows:

(a) protection and preservation of ancient monuments in coordination with the Union Ministries

concerned, Region or State Government and regional administrative bodies, and if necessary, local and

international government organizations and non-government organizations;

(b) maintaining an ancient monument in order to renovate and keep not to deteriorate in coordination

with the owner;

(c) protection and preservation of an ancient monument which has no owner or custodian by specifying

as State-owned property;

(d) keeping ancient monuments which are being stipulated as heritage of high value in various regions of

the State and arranging to be observed by the public.

7. The Ministry:

(a) may maintain by accepting an ancient monument and any valuable monument of cultural heritage if

anyone returns it which is owned by any person by any means or in his possession or his heritage;

(b) may recognize as a beneficiary and award the reasonable payment for such ancient monument to the

person or organization only which returns and submits with credible evidence of his ownership of an

ancient monument kept under sub-section (a).

8. (a) The Ministry has the right to protect and preserve an ancient monument as a cultural heritage after

transferring it from the relevant owner or holder by awarding extra payment for historical and cultural

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value in addition to the reasonable current price if it is assumed that it may be damaged, decayed,

destroyed or changed the structure or endangered to be moved or may be destroyed for any cause;

(b) The power of the Ministry under sub-section (a) shall not be applied to the following ancient

monuments:

(i) an ancient monument which is currently used according to the custom of national races and an

ancient monument which is currently used for worship;

(ii) an ancient monument for which the owner is desirous to keep by himself with reasonable ground

for himself or for his ancestor or for any member of his family.

9. The Ministry may delegate the Department to carry out the functions and duties in respect of protection,

preservation, return and acceptance of an ancient monument.

Chapter V

Inspection of an Ancient Monument

10. The Department:

(a) shall, if it is necessary to inspect any ancient monument whether it is a real or not, inspect and decide

it by the Inspection Body for Ancient Monument formed under the rules;

(b) shall submit it and take the decision of the Expert Group formed by the Ministry if any dispute arises

again in carrying out under sub-section (a).

11. The decision of the Ministry shall be final and conclusive on submission of the Expert Group under sub-

section (b) of Section (10) in respect of whether it is a real ancient monument or not.

Chapter VI

Informing that an Ancient Monument is found

12. If a person who finds an ancient monument of over one hundred years old and above or under the

ground or above or under the water which has no owner or custodian knows or it seems reasonable to

assume that the said monument is an ancient monument, he shall promptly inform the relevant Ward or

Village-Tract Administrative Office.

13. (a) If the information is received under Section 12, the Ward or Village-Tract Administrator shall keep the

said monument as may be necessary and shall forward the information to the relevant Township

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Administrative Office within 14 days. The Township Administrator shall promptly carry out the necessities

and inform the Department within 7 days from the date on which the information is received.

(b) The Department shall inspect whether it is a real ancient monument or not and keep or cause to

protect as may be necessary in accord with the stipulations when the information is received under

sub-section (a).

Chapter VII

Applying for prior Permission, Scrutiny and Issue

14. Any Department, any organization or any person desirous of any of the followings shall abide by the

provisions of other existing laws and apply for the prior permission under this Law to the Department in

accord with the stipulations:

(a) repairing and maintaining the whole or a part of an ancient monument without altering its original

form or its original workmanship or altering the boundary of its enclosure;

(b) plastering, modifying, white washing, painting, offering respectfully with gold leaf gilding, placing royal

finial up, placing royal diamond bud and royal vane;

(c) constructing or extending or fencing Buddhist ordination hall, monastery, public rest-house, covered

passage, gateway, courtyard, planet staff, flagstaff, lake, statues, God statues, religious buildings and

other buildings near an ancient monument;

(d) reconstructing ancient monuments to their original workmanship;

(e) surveying, digging and researching places where an ancient monument is situated;

(f) protecting and preserving an ancient monument by forming trustee or organizations.

15. A person desirous of any of the followings within the specified area of an ancient monument shall apply

to get prior permission to the Department:

(a) extending towns, wards and villages;

(b) constructing or extending or repairing new buildings including hotels, factories and residential

buildings or fencing or extending a fence;

(c) digging to search petroleum, natural gas, gem or mineral, piping petroleum and natural gas,

constructing factories, connecting national grid, constructing communication tower, constructing or

extending infrastructures such as road, bridge, airfield, irrigation and embankment;

(d) connecting underground electric cable, communication cable and other underground works;

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(e) digging or extending wells, lakes, cannels and ponds;

(f) gold sieving, digging, burning bricks, digging well, lake, creek, ditch, gully, pit digging, refilling,

levelling, mining, quarry, gravel digging and unearth sand, removing the mounds and hills which can

damage the physical feature of the land;

(g) placing and fencing ancient monuments in a private compound and area;

(h) constructing a building which is not consistent with the terms and conditions stipulated according to

the region by the Ministry near and at the surrounding of an ancient monument.

16. The Department may grant permission or refuse to grant permission after scrutinizing the application

under Sections 14 and 15 in accord with the stipulations.

Chapter VIII

Prohibitions

17. No one shall fail to inform in accord with the provision in Section 12 of this Law if he finds an ancient

monument which has no owner or custodian.

18. No one shall carry out any performance in Sections 14 and 15 without permission of the Department.

19. No one shall carry out any of the following acts within the specified campus of an ancient monument

without the written permission of the Department:

(a) destroying or carrying out to damage an ancient monument;

(b) carrying out to alter the original form or the original workmanship of an ancient monument;

(c) digging to search an antique object;

(d) looting and removing original elements and artefacts from an ancient monument.

20. No one shall carry out any of the following acts which is assumed to cause damage to an ancient

monument within the specified area of an ancient monument or of a listed ancient monument without a

written prior permission:

(a) taking photo, video, film or copying and modeling an ancient monument stipulated as a listed ancient

monument for commercial purposes;

(b) using machines which causes vibration within the specified place of an ancient monument and

running various types of vehicles;

(c) cultivating, gardening, breeding, fencing by blocking nearby an ancient monument or doing any other

act which can affect an ancient monument;

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(d) emission of gas such as hot-air balloon which can affect an ancient monument;

(e) landing and taking off and, flying aeroplane and helicopter which can directly or indirectly affect an

ancient monument;

(f) discarding chemical substance and rubbish which can affect an ancient monument and the

environment.

Chapter IX

Penalties

21. Whoever violates any of the following acts shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a term

from a minimum of six months to a maximum of not exceeding one year or with a fine from a minimum of

three hundred thousand kyats to a maximum of fifteen hundred thousand kyats or with both:

(a) carrying out any act in Section 14 without obtaining the prior permission of the Department;

(b) carrying out any act which may damage to the ancient monument in Section 20.

22. Whoever violates the prohibition in Section 17 and fails to inform shall, on conviction, be punished with

imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months or with a fine from a minimum of one hundred

thousand kyats to a maximum of five hundred thousand kyats or with both.

23. Whoever violates any prohibition in Section 15 shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a

term from a minimum of three years to a maximum of five years or with a fine from a minimum of one

million kyats to a maximum of five million kyats or with both.

24. Whoever violates any prohibition in Section 19 shall, on conviction, be punished with imprisonment for a

term from a minimum of five years to a maximum of ten years and also with a fine:

25. If whoever is convicted under any provision in this Law, the Court shall impose any of the following

orders:

(a) instructing to destroy the building;

(b) instructing to re-create an extended building, well, lake, canal or pond to its original form;

(c) instructing to re-create a building or land which is changed to its original form.

26. Whoever fails to observe any order passed under Section 25 shall be punished with a fine from a

minimum of one hundred thousand kyats to a maximum of five hundred thousand kyats for each day of

failure.

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Chapter (X)

Miscellaneous

27. The Ministry may coordinate with the relevant Ministries, Region or State Government for protection and

preservation of the land or a part of it on which an ancient monument is situated for the benefit of the

State in accord with the existing law.

28. A person who finds, informs or returns any ancient monument shall not be deemed as an owner but as

the person who is entitled to enjoy the benefit.

29. The Ministry may accept money donated in goodwill so as to protect and preserve or to transfer an

ancient monument and may manage it in accord with the financial regulation.

30. The offences in Sections 21 and 22 are recognized as cognizable offences.

31. If an exhibit building involved in any offence prosecuted under this Law is not easily produceable before

the Court, such exhibit need not be produced before the Court however a report or other relevant

documentary evidence as to the manner of custody of the same may be submitted. Such submission shall

be deemed as if it were a submission of the exhibit before the Court and the relevant Court shall pass an

administrative order in accord with law.

32. The Ministry has the right to coordinate with the relevant Ministry to provide assistance of the Police

Force for the protection and preservation of ancient monuments.

33. Rules, orders and directives issued under the Antique Objects Act, 1957 which is repealed by the

Protection and Preservation of Antique Objects Law may continue to exercise so far as it is not contrary to

this Law.

34. In implementing the provisions in this Law:

(a) the Ministry may issue rules, regulations and bye-laws with the approval of Union Government;

(b) the Ministry may issue notifications, orders, directives and procedures and the Department may issue

orders and directives.

I hereby sign under the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

Sd/

Thein Sein

President

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar

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