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Law on Commercial Enterprises, Cambodia

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Latest Version in WIPO Lex
Details Details Year of Version 2005 Dates Adopted: May 17, 2005 Type of Text Other Texts Subject Matter Patents (Inventions), Trademarks, Trade Names, Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights), Other Notes For provisions concerning the protection of intellectual property rights, see:
Chapter 3, Part 2.E, Article 146 concerning the value of shares issued for intangibles such as trademarks, copyrights, patents, and the right to use any intangible property or trademark license; Articles 5, 14, 68, 92, 276 and 281 concerning Trade names and Business names.

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Main text(s) Main text(s) Khmer ច្បាប់ស្តីពីសហគ្រាសពាណិជ្ជកម្ម      English Law on Commercial Enterprises        
 
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LAW ON COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES



Chapter 1 – General Provisions



Article 1: Scope

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Article 2: Definitions

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5HJLVWHU    "Registrar's Office"PHDQVWKHRIILFH FUHDWHGSXUVXDQWWRWKH/DZRQ&RP PHUFLDO5XOHVDQG

5HJLVWHU    "subsidiary"PHDQVDSDUWQHUVKLSRUFRPSDQ\FRQWUROOHGE\DQRWKHUSDUWQHUVKLSRUFRPSDQ\

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Article 3: Registered agent and registered office

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Article 4: Delivery of documents

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Article 5: Use of Khmer name

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Article 6: Non-payment of fees, fines, interest and penalties

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Article 7: Annual declaration

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Chapter 2 – General Partnerships Part 1. General Provisions

A. The Establishment of a General Partnership



Article 8: Nature of partnership

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Article 9: Form of contract

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Article 10: Rules of determining existence of partnership

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Article 11: Date of creation

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Article 12: Legal personality

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Article 13: Nationality

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Article 14: Name of partnership

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Article 15: Liability for registration, filing and publication

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B. Relations of Partners to One Another



Article 16: Nature of partner’s contribution

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Article 17: Partner’s debt for contribution

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Article 18: Contribution of property

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Article 19: Monetary contribution

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Article 20: Contribution of knowledge or activities

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Article 21: Capital of the partnership

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Article 22: Currency of capital

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Article 23: Participation in profits and losses

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Article 24: Allocation of partner’s interest

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Article 25: Partner accountable to partnership

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Article 26: Partner’s entitlement to wages

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Article 27: Liability for damage

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Article 28: Disbursement on behalf of the partnership

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Article 29: Receipt of amount by a partner

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Article 30: Partner and partnership’s property

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Article 31: New partner

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Article 32: Transferability of partner’s interest

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Article 33: Partner’s interest as guarantee

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Article 34: Management of partnership – general

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Article 35: Appointment of manager

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Article 36: More than one manager

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Article 37: Partner’s power to manage

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Article 38: Decision making process of the partners

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Article 39: Right to information

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 C. Relation of General Partnership with Third Parties
Article 40:  Partner as agent

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Article 41: Partnership bound by contracts of partner

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Article 42: Partner’s liability

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Article 43: New partner’s liability

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Article 44: Knowledge of partnership

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Article 45: Misrepresentation

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Article 46: Silent partner

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Article 47: Distribution of security

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D. When a Person Ceases to be a General Partner



Article 48: When a person ceases to be a partner

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Article 49: Effect on partnership

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Article 50: Right of a person who ceases to be a partner

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Article 51: Right of withdrawal

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Article 52: Expulsion of a partner

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 E. Dissolution and Liquidation of the General Partnership
Article 53: Cause of dissolution


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Article 54: Continuation of partnership with a fixed term

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Article 55: One partner

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Article 56: Rights of partners upon dissolution

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Article 57: Rights of third parties upon dissolution

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Article 58: Legal personality of partnership

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Article 59: Notice of dissolution

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Article 60: Powers of the liquidator

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Article 61: Order of payment in liquidation

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Article 62: Books and records

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Article 63: Closing of liquidation and legal personality

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Part 2. Limited Partnerships



Article 64: Nature of Limited Partnership

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Article 65: One person as both limited and general partner

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Article 66: Form of contract

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Article 67: Date of creation

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Article 68: Name

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Article 69: Record of limited partners

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Article 70: Nature of partners’ contribution

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Article 71: Participation of limited partner in profits and losses

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Article 72: Liability of limited partner

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Article 73: Name of limited partner used in limited partnership’s name

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Article 74: Powers, rights, obligations of general partner

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Article 75: Liability of general partner

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Article 76: Limited partner’s entitlement to wages

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Article 77: Limited partner’s right to withdraw

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Article 78: Transferability of limited partner’s interest

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Article 79: Management – limited partner

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Article 80: When general partners not able to act

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Article 81: Law suit against the partnership

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Article 82: Insufficiency of partnership’s assets – third parties

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Article 83: Insufficiency of partnership’s assets – limited partners

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Article 84: Application of provisions dealing with general partnership

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Chapter 3 – Limited Company and Public Limited Company



Part 1. General provisions



Article 85: Application

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Article 86: Nature of Private Limited Company



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Article 87: Nature of Public Limited Company

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Article 88: Interpretation



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Article 89:  Affiliate - interpretation

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Article 90: Liability for registration, filing and publication

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Part 2.

A. Formation of a Limited Company



Article 91: Creation of Limited Company

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Article 92: Name of company

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Article 93: Articles of Incorporation, required contents



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Article 94: Additional provisions in articles

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Article 95: Signature of articles

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Article 96: Delivery of articles

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Article 97: Certificate of incorporation

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Article 98: Effect of certificate

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B. Capacity and Rights of the Company



Article 99: Capacity of a company

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Article 100: Extra-territorial capacity

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Article 101: Nationality

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Article 102: Bylaws

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Article 103: Restricted business or powers

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Article 104: Rights preserved

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Article 105: No constructive notice

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Article 106: Protections for third persons

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C. Registered Office, Books and Records

Article 107: Registered office

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Article 108: Notice of registered office

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Article 109: Corporate records

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Article 110: Access to corporate records

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Article 111: Use of shareholder lists

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Article 112: Directors records

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Article 113: Accounting records

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Article 114: Company’s duty to preserve records

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Article 115: Corporate seal

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D. Directors and Officers

Article 116: Initial directors


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Article 117: Shareholders’ Organizational Meeting

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Article 118: Number of Directors

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Article 119: Powers of Directors

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Article 120: Qualifications of Directors

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Article 121: Term of Office for Director

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Article 122: Staggered terms for directors

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Article 123: Classes of directors

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Article 124: Removal of director

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Article 125: Resignation of director

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Article 126: Continuation in office

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Article 127: Chairman of the Board

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Article 128: Calling meetings

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Article 132: Conduct of meetings

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Article 134: Disclosure by director or officer

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Article 138: Officers



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Article 139: Pre incorporation contracts

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Article 140: Directors' liability – consideration for share

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Article 141: Others liability of directors

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Article 142: Director’s dissent

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Article 143: Shares

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Article 144: Number, value and rights attached to shares

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Article 145: Rights to classes of shares

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Article 146: Issue of shares – consideration for shares

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Article 147: Liability of shareholder

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Article 148: Shares in series

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Article 149: Stated capital account

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Article 150: Constraints on addition or reduction to a stated capital account

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Article 151: Pre-emptive right

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Article 152: Options and rights

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Article 153: Share certificate

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Article 154: Transfer of share

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Article 155: Acquisition of company's own shares

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Article 156: Reduction of stated capital on redemption or purchase

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Article 157: Dividend declaration

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Article 158: Restriction to declaration of dividends

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Article 159: Form of dividend

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Article 160: Adjustment of stated capital account

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Article 161: Definitions



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Article 162: Securities are negotiable instruments

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Article 163: Distribution document

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Article 164: Securities in registered form

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Article 165: Debt obligation in order form

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Article 166: Securities in bearer form

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Article 167: Rights of holder

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Article 168: Signatures on the securities certificate

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Article 169: Contents of share certificate

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Article 170: Securities Register

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Article 171: Dealings with registered holder

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Article 172: Minors

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Article 173: Transmission of securities

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Article 174: Burden of proof

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Article 175: Securities fungible

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Article 176: Notice of defect

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Article 177: Unauthorized signature

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Article 178: Completion or alteration

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Article 179: Warranties of agents

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Article 180: Title of purchaser

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Article 181: Warranties to purchaser

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Article 182: Right to compel endorsement

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Article183: Endorsement

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Article 184: Immunity of endorser

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Article 185: Effect of endorsement without delivery

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Article 186: Endorsement in bearer form

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Article 187: Effect of unauthorized endorsement

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Article 188: Liability of issuer

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Article 189: Warranties of guarantor of signature

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Article 191: Delivery to broker



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Article 192: Right to reclaim possession

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Article 193: Right to require registration

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Article 194: Seizure of security

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Article 195: Registration of security in registered form

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Article 196: Limitation of issuer's liability

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Article 197: Notice of lost or stolen security

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Article 198: Duty of issuer to issue a new security

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Article 199: Functions of receiver

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Article 200: Functions of receiver-manager

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Article 201: Directors' powers cease

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Article 202: Powers of receiver

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Article 203: Duties of receiver and receiver-manager



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Article 205:  Place of meetings

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Article 206: Directors calling meetings

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Article 207: Shareholders calling meetings

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Article 208: Meeting called by court

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Article 209: Establishing the record date

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Article 210: Notice of record date

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Article 211: Shareholder list

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Article 212: Effect of list

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Article 213: Examination of list

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Article 214: Notice of meeting

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Article 215: Waiver of notice

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Article 216: Shareholder proposal

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Article 217: Quorum

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Article 219: Proxy and pooling agreements

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Article 220: Voting

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Article 221: Written resolution in lieu of meeting

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Article 222: Court review

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Article 223: Unanimous shareholder agreement

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Article 224:  $WHYHU\DQQXDOJHQ Annual financial statements HUDOPHHWLQJRI VKDUHKRO GHUVWKHGLUH FWRUV VKDOOS UHVHQWDQDQ QXDOILQDQ FLDO

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Article 225: Examination by shareholders

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Article 226: Approval and issuance of financial statements

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Article 227: Copies to shareholders

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Article 228: Copies to Director

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Article 229: Appointment of auditor

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Article 230: Exemption

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Article 231: Remuneration

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Article 232: Removal, vacancies

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Article 233: Court appointed auditor

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Article 234: Powers and duties

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J. Amendment of Articles of Incorporation



Article 235: Right to amend

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Article 236: Vote

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Article 237: Notice of meeting

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Article 238: Nature of amendments



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Article 239: Filing amendments

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Article 240: Certificate of amendment

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Article 241: Authority to merge

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Article 242: Approval by Directors

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Article 243: Merger Agreement

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Article 244: Notice to shareholders

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Article 245: Vote by shareholders

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Article 246: Votes by Class

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Article 247: Filing Articles of Merger

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Article 248: Effect of merger

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Article 249: Right to demand appraisal

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Article 250: Appraisal Procedure

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 L. Dissolution and Liquidation
Article 251: Dissolution


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Article 252: Proposing liquidation and dissolution

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Article 253: Statement of intent to dissolve

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Article 254: Notice of Intent to Dissolve

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Article 255: Liquidation

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Article 256: Supervision by court

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Article 257: Dissolution

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 M. Director of Companies
Article 259:  Appointment of Director of Companies

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Article 260: Certificate of Director of Companies

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Article 261: Copies

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Article 262: Proof required by Director of Companies

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Article 263: Regulations

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Article 264: Filing of articles and dissolution plans

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Article 265: Date of certificate

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Article 266: Certificate of compliance

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Article 267: Corrections

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Article 268: Inspection and copies of records

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Article 269: Retention of records

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Chapter 4 – Foreign Business



General Provisions



Article 270: Foreign business defined

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Article 271: Forms

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Article 272: Doing business

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Article 273: Subject to local law

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A. Representative Office



Article 274: Authorized activities

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Article 275: Management

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Article 276: Name

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Article 277: Closing representative office

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Article 278: Authorized activities


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Article 279: Liability

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Article 280: Management

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Article 281: Name

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Article 282: Closing branch

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C. Subsidiary

Article 283:

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Article 284:

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Article 286:

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Chapter 5 – Derivative Action

Article 287:



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Article 288: Recovery in derivative action

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Article 289: Duty of care of directors and officers

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Chapter 6 – Offences, Penalties and Remedies



Article 290: False and misleading reports

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Article 291: Order to comply

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Article 292: Limitation period

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Article 293: Civil remedy not affected

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Article 294: Registration, filing and publication

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Article 295: Company books and records

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Article 296: Financial statements to shareholders

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Article 297: Financial statements to Director of Companies

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Article 298: Auditor

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Article 299:

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Chapter 7 – Transitional Provisions

Article 300:

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Article 301:

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Article 302:

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Chapter 8 – Final Provisions

Article 303: Contradiction

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Article 304: Promulgation

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2005 during the 2nd Plenary session of the Third

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WIPO Lex No. KH011