Dr. Lisa Cook gave WIPO a virtual presentation on the challenges of measuring gender inequality in intellectual property. Watch her presentation for more details.
Using the World Gender Name Dictionary
May 30, 2023
May 2023 ・ 5 minutes reading time
Learn how to find and apply WIPO’s World Gender Name Dictionary. Disambiguate the gender from any dataset by following a few simple steps.
Estimated reading time: 5 minutes
The World Gender Name Dictionary (WGND) now offers a 2.0 version with a higher availability of records of countries and territories and names of physical persons. Its documentation files and libraries are available online for users to get started with applying gender name dictionaries to any dataset with names linked to geographical codes.
Recent research has made novel contributions to expand the WGND, which now includes more than 26 million records linking names of physical persons and 195 different countries and territories. The WGND 2.0 updates its predecessor WGND 1.0 and is the result of compilations of more than 50 new different sources of gender data and updates to the original list of sources.
Where to find the WGND 2.0?
The WGND 2.0 is available online in the IES Gender Open Source Project. It has a dedicated Github repository with a documentation describing varying sets of unique observations on gender data linked to country and language codes. Supporting documentations of both the WGND 1.0 and 2.0 versions are also accessible in Harvard Dataverse.
How to use the WGND 2.0?
The first step is to prepare a dataset with names of physical persons and country codes. Once this dataset is ready, the next step is to perform four data cleaning checks as follows:
- Remove family names or surnames in the name records, so only first or main names are left out in the name variable.
- Set up the remaining name records in lowercase and remove blank spaces before and after the names’ text.
- Delete double spaces in between the words making up each final name record.
- Ensure that codes of countries and territories contained in the dataset are in the alpha-2 digit codes defined in ISO 3166-1. A full list of available ISO 2-digit codes is available online in the ISO Online Browsing Platform or io.
Then, users can access the Gender-it tool in GitHub to apply the WGND 2.0 libraries to the resulting cleaned dataset. Gender-it contains WGND 2.0 libraries that are retrievable by using Stata or Python (Watch the video tutorial below). Libraries in these software options contain detailed instructions and examples for downloading the necessary documentation files, functions and packages for matching the user’s cleaned database with the varieties of gender name dictionaries that are available in WGND 2.0. Stata users can get started by running the tutorial_genderit.do file while Python users can do so by running the introduction to gender-it.ipynb file.
Video tutorial
The video tutorial is divided into four sections guiding users to work around the WGND 2.0 libraries, slide the video to the minute marks to look for the desired section.
- Introduction 00:00 min
- STATA 06:48 min
- Python 24:36 min
- Trips and tricks 32:40 min
Other stories you may enjoy
Creating a World Gender Name Dictionary
The World Gender Name Dictionary (WGND) is a tool to assist researchers and policy analysts worldwide in solving the lack of data sources with gender breakdown.
How to measure the Gender Gap in Innovation
There are several ways to get innovation and IP data with gender breakdown. Check which one suits your case better.
What do we know about the Gender Gap in Innovation?
Women innovating, inventing, and creating face constant factors that impede their activities. What can economic research tell us about these and inform gender balance policies?
Related resources
Expanding the World Gender-Name Dictionary: WGND 2.0
This paper revisits the first World Gender Name Dictionary (WGND 1.0), allowing to disambiguate the gender in data naming physical persons (Lax Martínez et al., 2016). We discuss its advantages and limitations and propose an expansion based on updated data and additional sources. By including more than 26 million records linking given names and 195 different countries and territories, the resulting WGND 2.0 substantially increases the international coverage of its processor. As a result, it is particularly designed to be applied to intellectual property unit-record data naming inventors, designers, individual applicants and other creators disclosed in these data.
Guidelines for producing gender analysis from innovation and IP data
Understanding how women and men can access and use the intellectual property (IP) system equally is key to ensuring that their ingenuity and creativity translates into economic, social and cultural development. This short guide summarizes best practice for producing innovation and IP gender indicators.
