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النصوص الرئيسية

بالصينية 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法（第2101章）

بالإنكليزية The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (Chapter 2101)

THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'SREPUBLIC OF CHINA
Preamble
Chapter I General Principles
Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents
Chapter IV Political Structure
Chapter V Economy
Chapter VII External Affairs
Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law
Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions
Annex I Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Annex II Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures
Annex III National Laws to be Applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Instrument:	A101	THE BASIADMINISTREPUBLIC	C LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL RATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S OF CHINA	Gazette Number	Version Date

		Table of Contents			01/07/1997

Remarks:
This instrument was not given a chapter number in the Loose-leaf edition of the Laws of Hong Kong. An unofficial
reference number, however, is assigned to this instrument in BLIS for identification purposes. This also enables users
to carry out a search in relation to this instrument by reference to the unofficial reference number.

THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S

		REPUBLIC OF CHINA *
(AdPr		opted at the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on 4 April 1990 omulgated by Order No. 26 of the President of the People's Republic of China on 4 April 1990 Effective as of 1 July 1997)
		CONTENTS
Preamble
Chapter I General Principles
Chapter II	Relationship Betwee	n the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Chapter III	Fundamental Rights	and Duties of the Residents
Chapter IV	Political Structure

Section 1 The Chief Executive Section 2 The Executive Authorities Section 3 The Legislature Section 4 The Judiciary Section 5 District Organizations Section 6 Public Servants

Chapter V Economy Section 1 Public Finance, Monetary Affairs, Trade, Industry and Commerce Section 2 Land Leases Section 3 Shipping Section 4 Civil Aviation

Chapter VI Education, Science, Culture, Sports, Religion, Labour and Social Services

Chapter VII External Affairs

Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Annex I Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Annex II Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures

Annex III National Laws to be Applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Note:

* Please also see-

a.Decision of the National People's Congress on the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted at the Third Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on 4 April 1990) (Instrument A104 in this dtabase); and

b.Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the English Text of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted on 28 June 1990) (Instrument A105 in this database).

		Preamble		01/07/1997

Preamble

Hong Kong has been part of the territory of China since ancient times; it was occupied by Britain after the Opium War in 1840. On 19 December 1984, the Chinese and British Governments signed the Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong, affirming that the Government of the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997, thus fulfilling the long-cherished common aspiration of the Chinese people for the recovery of Hong Kong.

Upholding national unity and territorial integrity, maintaining the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, and taking account of its history and realities, the People's Republic of China has decided that upon China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be established in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic China, and that under the principle of "one country, two systems", the socialist system and policies will not be practised in Hong Kong. The basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong have been elaborated by the Chinese Government in the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress hereby enacts the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, prescribing the systems to be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, in order to ensure the implementation of the basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong.

Article:	1			01/07/1997

Chapter I General Principles

Article 1

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China.

Article:	2			01/07/1997

Article 2

The National People's Congress authorizes the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy and enjoy executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

Article:	3			01/07/1997

Article 3

The executive authorities and legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	4			01/07/1997

Article 4

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the rights and freedoms of the residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and of other persons in the Region in accordance with law.

Article:	5			01/07/1997

Article 5

The socialist system and policies shall not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years.

Article:	6			01/07/1997

Article 6

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law.

Article:	7			01/07/1997

Article 7

The land and natural resources within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be State property. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for their management, use and development and for their lease or grant to individuals, legal persons or organizations for use or development. The revenues derived therefrom shall be exclusively at the disposal of the government of the Region.

Article:	8			01/07/1997

Article 8

The laws previously in force in Hong Kong, that is, the common law, rules of equity, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary law shall be maintained, except for any that contravene this Law, and subject to any amendment by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	9			01/07/1997

Article 9

In addition to the Chinese language, English may also be used as an official language by the executive authorities, legislature and judiciary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	10			01/07/1997

Article 10

Apart from displaying the national flag and national emblem of the People's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may also use a regional flag and regional emblem.

The regional flag of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a red flag with a bauhinia highlighted by five star-tipped stamens.

The regional emblem of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a bauhinia in the centre highlighted by five star-tipped stamens and encircled by the words "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China" in Chinese and "HONG KONG" in English.

Article:	11			01/07/1997

Article 11

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the systems and policies practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, including the social and economic systems, the system for safeguarding the fundamental rights and freedoms of its residents, the executive, legislative and judicial systems, and the relevant policies, shall be based on the provisions of this Law.

No law enacted by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall contravene this Law.

Article:	12			01/07/1997

Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Article 12

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a local administrative region of the People's Republic of China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy and come directly under the Central People's Government.

Article:	13			01/07/1997

Article 13

The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the foreign affairs relating to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall establish an office in Hong Kong to deal with foreign affairs.

The Central People's Government authorizes the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to conduct relevant external affairs on its own in accordance with this Law.

Article:	14			01/07/1997

Article 14

The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the defence of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order in the Region.

Military forces stationed by the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region for defence shall not interfere in the local affairs of the Region. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, when necessary, ask the Central People's Government for assistance from the garrison in the maintenance of public order and in disaster relief.

In addition to abiding by national laws, members of the garrison shall abide by the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Expenditure for the garrison shall be borne by the Central People's Government.

Article:	15			01/07/1997

Article 15

The Central People's Government shall appoint the Chief Executive and the principal officials of the executive authorities of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of this Law.

Article:	16			01/07/1997

Article 16

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with executive power. It shall, on its own, conduct the administrative affairs of the Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	17			01/07/1997

Article 17

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with legislative power.

Laws enacted by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record. The reporting for record shall not affect the entry into force of such laws.

If the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, after consulting the Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region under it, considers that any law enacted by the legislature of the Region is not in conformity with the provisions of this Law regarding affairs within the responsibility of the Central Authorities or regarding the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, the Standing Committee may return the law in question but shall not amend it. Any law returned by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall immediately be invalidated. This invalidation shall not have retroactive effect, unless otherwise provided for in the laws of the Region.

Article:	18			01/07/1997

Article 18

The laws in force in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be this Law, the laws previously in force in Hong Kong as provided for in Article 8 of this Law, and the laws enacted by the legislature of the Region.

National laws shall not be applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region except for those listed in Annex III to this Law. The laws listed therein shall be applied locally by way of promulgation or legislation by the Region.

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress may add to or delete from the list of laws in Annex III after consulting its Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the government of the Region. Laws listed in Annex III to this Law shall be confined to those relating to defence and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of the Region as specified by this Law.

In the event that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the government of the Region, decides that the Region is in a state of emergency, the Central People's Government may issue an order applying the relevant national laws in the Region.

Article:	19			01/07/1997

Article 19

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication.

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have jurisdiction over all cases in the Region, except that the restrictions on their jurisdiction imposed by the legal system and principles previously in force in Hong Kong shall be maintained.

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have no jurisdiction over acts of state such as defence and foreign affairs. The courts of the Region shall obtain a certificate from the Chief Executive on questions of fact concerning acts of state such as defence and foreign affairs whenever such questions arise in the adjudication of cases. This certificate shall be binding on the courts. Before issuing such a certificate, the Chief Executive shall obtain a certifying document from the Central People's Government.

Article:	20			01/07/1997

Article 20

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may enjoy other powers granted to it by the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the Central People's Government.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	21			01/07/1997

Article 21

Chinese citizens who are residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be entitled to participate in the management of state affairs according to law.

In accordance with the assigned number of seats and the selection method specified by the National People's Congress, the Chinese citizens among the residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall locally elect deputies of the Region to the National People's Congress to participate in the work of the highest organ of state power.

Article:	22			01/07/1997

Article 22

No department of the Central People's Government and no province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may interfere in the affairs which the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region administers on its own in accordance with this Law.

If there is a need for departments of the Central Government, or for provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government to set up offices in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, they must obtain the consent of the government of the Region and the approval of the Central People's Government.

All offices set up in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by departments of the Central Government, or by provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the personnel of these offices shall abide by the laws of the Region.

*For entry into the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, people from other parts of China must apply for approval. Among them, the number of persons who enter the Region for the purpose of settlement shall be determined by the competent authorities of the Central People's Government after consulting the government of the Region.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may establish an office in Beijing.

Note:

* See The Interpretation by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of Articles 22(4) and 24(2)(3) of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted by the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress at its Tenth Session on 26 June 1999) (Chapter 2106)

Article:	23			01/07/1997

Article 23

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the Region, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the Region from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies.

Article:	24			01/07/1997

Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents

Article 24

Residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ("Hong Kong residents") shall include permanent residents and non-permanent residents.

The permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be:

(1) Chinese citizens born in Hong Kong before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

(2) Chinese citizens who have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than seven

years before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; *(3) Persons of Chinese nationality born outside Hong Kong of those residents listed in categories (1) and (2);

(4): Persons not of Chinese nationality who have entered Hong Kong with valid travel documents, have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than seven years and have taken Hong Kong as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;
(5): Persons under 21 years of age born in Hong Kong of those residents listed in category (4) before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; and
(6): Persons other than those residents listed in categories (1) to (5), who, before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, had the right of abode in Hong Kong only.

The above-mentioned residents shall have the right of abode in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and shall be qualified to obtain, in accordance with the laws of the Region, permanent identity cards which state their right of abode.

The non-permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be persons who are qualified to obtain Hong Kong identity cards in accordance with the laws of the Region but have no right of abode.

Note:

Article:	25			01/07/1997

Article 25

All Hong Kong residents shall be equal before the law.

Article:	26			01/07/1997

Article 26

Permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have the right to vote and the right to stand for election in accordance with law.

Article:	27			01/07/1997

Article 27

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of speech, of the press and of publication; freedom of association, of assembly, of procession and of demonstration; and the right and freedom to form and join trade unions, and to strike.

Article:	28			01/07/1997

Article 28

The freedom of the person of Hong Kong residents shall be inviolable.

No Hong Kong resident shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful arrest, detention or imprisonment. Arbitrary or unlawful search of the body of any resident or deprivation or restriction of the freedom of the person shall be prohibited. Torture of any resident or arbitrary or unlawful deprivation of the life of any resident shall be prohibited.

Article:	29			01/07/1997

Article 29

The homes and other premises of Hong Kong residents shall be inviolable. Arbitrary or unlawful search of, or intrusion into, a resident's home or other premises shall be prohibited.

Article:	30			01/07/1997

Article 30

The freedom and privacy of communication of Hong Kong residents shall be protected by law. No department or individual may, on any grounds, infringe upon the freedom and privacy of communication of residents except that the

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

relevant authorities may inspect communication in accordance with legal procedures to meet the needs of public security or of investigation into criminal offences.

Article:	31			01/07/1997

Article 31

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of movement within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and freedom of emigration to other countries and regions. They shall have freedom to travel and to enter or leave the Region. Unless restrained by law, holders of valid travel documents shall be free to leave the Region without special authorization.

Article:	32			01/07/1997

Article 32

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of conscience.

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of religious belief and freedom to preach and to conduct and participate in religious activities in public.

Article:	33			01/07/1997

Article 33

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of choice of occupation.

Article:	34			01/07/1997

Article 34

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom to engage in academic research, literary and artistic creation, and other cultural activities.

Article:	35			01/07/1997

Article 35

Hong Kong residents shall have the right to confidential legal advice, access to the courts, choice of lawyers for timely protection of their lawful rights and interests or for representation in the courts, and to judicial remedies.

Hong Kong residents shall have the right to institute legal proceedings in the courts against the acts of the executive authorities and their personnel.

Article:	36			01/07/1997

Article 36

Hong Kong residents shall have the right to social welfare in accordance with law. The welfare benefits and retirement security of the labour force shall be protected by law.

Article:	37			01/07/1997

Article 37

The freedom of marriage of Hong Kong residents and their right to raise a family freely shall be protected by law.

Article:	38			01/07/1997

Article 38

Hong Kong residents shall enjoy the other rights and freedoms safeguarded by the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	39			01/07/1997

Article 39

The provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and international labour conventions as applied to Hong Kong shall remain in force and shall be implemented through the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

The rights and freedoms enjoyed by Hong Kong residents shall not be restricted unless as prescribed by law. Such restrictions shall not contravene the provisions of the preceding paragraph of this Article.

Article:	40			01/07/1997

Article 40

The lawful traditional rights and interests of the indigenous inhabitants of the "New Territories" shall be protected by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	41			01/07/1997

Article 41

Persons in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region other than Hong Kong residents shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the rights and freedoms of Hong Kong residents prescribed in this Chapter.

Article:	42			01/07/1997

Article 42

Hong Kong residents and other persons in Hong Kong shall have the obligation to abide by the laws in force in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	43			01/07/1997

Chapter IV Political Structure

Section 1 The Chief Executive

Article 43

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the head of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region.

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

Article:	44			01/07/1997

Article 44

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a Chinese citizen of not less than 40 years of age who is a permanent resident of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 20 years.

Article:	45			01/07/1997

Article 45

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be selected by election or through consultations held locally and be appointed by the Central People's Government.

The method for selecting the Chief Executive shall be specified in the light of the actual situation in the Hong

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Kong Special Administrative Region and in accordance with the principle of gradual and orderly progress. The ultimate aim is the selection of the Chief Executive by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee in accordance with democratic procedures.

The specific method for selecting the Chief Executive is prescribed in Annex I "Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region".

Article:	46			01/07/1997

Article 46

The term of office of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be five years. He or she may serve for not more than two consecutive terms.

Article:	47			01/07/1997

Article 47

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must be a person of integrity, dedicated to his or her duties.

The Chief Executive, on assuming office, shall declare his or her assets to the Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. This declaration shall be put on record.

Article:	48			01/07/1997

Article 48

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

(1) To lead the government of the Region;

(2) To be responsible for the implementation of this Law and other laws which, in accordance with this Law, apply in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

(3) To sign bills passed by the Legislative Council and to promulgate laws;

To sign budgets passed by the Legislative Council and report the budgets and final accounts to the Central People's Government for the record;

(4) To decide on government policies and to issue executive orders;

(8): To implement the directives issued by the Central People's Government in respect of the relevant matters provided for in this Law;

Article:	49			01/07/1997

Article 49

If the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region considers that a bill passed by the Legislative Council is not compatible with the overall interests of the Region, he or she may return it to the Legislative Council within three months for reconsideration. If the Legislative Council passes the original bill again by not less

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

than a two-thirds majority of all the members, the Chief Executive must sign and promulgate it within one month, or act in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of this Law.

Article:	50			01/07/1997

Article 50

If the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region refuses to sign a bill passed the second time by the Legislative Council, or the Legislative Council refuses to pass a budget or any other important bill introduced by the government, and if consensus still cannot be reached after consultations, the Chief Executive may dissolve the Legislative Council.

The Chief Executive must consult the Executive Council before dissolving the Legislative Council. The Chief Executive may dissolve the Legislative Council only once in each term of his or her office.

Article:	51			01/07/1997

Article 51

If the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region refuses to pass the budget introduced by the government, the Chief Executive may apply to the Legislative Council for provisional appropriations. If appropriation of public funds cannot be approved because the Legislative Council has already been dissolved, the Chief Executive may, prior to the election of the new Legislative Council, approve provisional short-term appropriations according to the level of expenditure of the previous fiscal year.

Article:	52			01/07/1997

Article 52

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must resign under any of the following circumstances:

(1) When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;

(2): When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because he or she twice refuses to sign a bill passed by it, the new Legislative Council again passes by a two-thirds majority of all the members the original bill in dispute, but he or she still refuses to sign it; and
(3): When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because it refuses to pass a budget or any other important bill, the new Legislative Council still refuses to pass the original bill in dispute.

Article:	53			01/07/1997

Article 53

If the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is not able to discharge his or her duties for a short period, such duties shall temporarily be assumed by the Administrative Secretary, Financial Secretary or Secretary of Justice in this order of precedence.

*In the event that the office of Chief Executive becomes vacant, a new Chief Executive shall be selected within six months in accordance with the provisions of Article 45 of this Law. During the period of vacancy, his or her duties shall be assumed according to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Note:

* See the Interpretation of Paragraph 2, Article 53 of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (Adopted at the 15th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on 27 April 2005) (Instrument A108 in this database).

Article:	54			01/07/1997

Article 54

The Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be an organ for assisting the Chief Executive in policy-making.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	55			01/07/1997

Article 55

Members of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be appointed by the Chief Executive from among the principal officials of the executive authorities, members of the Legislative Council and public figures. Their appointment or removal shall be decided by the Chief Executive. The term of office of members of the Executive Council shall not extend beyond the expiry of the term of office of the Chief Executive who appoints them.

Members of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country.

The Chief Executive may, as he or she deems necessary, invite other persons concerned to sit in on meetings of the Council.

Article:	56			01/07/1997

Article 56

The Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be presided over by the Chief Executive.

Except for the appointment, removal and disciplining of officials and the adoption of measures in emergencies, the Chief Executive shall consult the Executive Council before making important policy decisions, introducing bills to the Legislative Council, making subordinate legislation, or dissolving the Legislative Council.

If the Chief Executive does not accept a majority opinion of the Executive Council, he or she shall put the specific reasons on record.

Article:	57			01/07/1997

Article 57

A Commission Against Corruption shall be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and be accountable to the Chief Executive.

Article:	58			01/07/1997

Article 58

A Commission of Audit shall be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and be accountable to the Chief Executive.

Article:	59			01/07/1997

Section 2 The Executive Authorities

Article 59

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the executive authorities of the Region.

Article:	60			01/07/1997

Article 60

The head of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the Chief Executive of the Region.

A Department of Administration, a Department of Finance, a Department of Justice, and various bureaux, divisions and commissions shall be established in the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	61			01/07/1997

Article 61

The principal officials of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 15 years.

Article:	62			01/07/1997

Article 62

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

(1): To formulate and implement policies;
(2): To conduct administrative affairs;
(3): To conduct external affairs as authorized by the Central People's Government under this Law;
(4): To draw up and introduce budgets and final accounts;
(5): To draft and introduce bills, motions and subordinate legislation; and

(6) To designate officials to sit in on the meetings of the Legislative Council and to speak on behalf of the government.

Article:	63			01/07/1997

Article 63

The Department of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall control criminal prosecutions, free from any interference.

Article:	64			01/07/1997

Article 64

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must abide by the law and be accountable to the Legislative Council of the Region: it shall implement laws passed by the Council and already in force; it shall present regular policy addresses to the Council; it shall answer questions raised by members of the Council; and it shall obtain approval from the Council for taxation and public expenditure.

Article:	65			01/07/1997

Article 65

The previous system of establishing advisory bodies by the executive authorities shall be maintained.

Article:	66			01/07/1997

Section 3 The Legislature

Article 66

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the legislature of the Region.

Article:	67			01/07/1997

Article 67

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country. However, permanent residents of the Region who are not of Chinese nationality or who have the right of abode in foreign countries may also be elected members of the Legislative Council of the Region, provided that the proportion of such members does not exceed 20 percent of the total membership of the Council.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	68			01/07/1997

Article 68

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be constituted by election.

The method for forming the Legislative Council shall be specified in the light of the actual situation in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and in accordance with the principle of gradual and orderly progress. The ultimate aim is the election of all the members of the Legislative Council by universal suffrage.

The specific method for forming the Legislative Council and its procedures for voting on bills and motions are prescribed in Annex II: "Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures".

Article:	69			01/07/1997

Article 69

The term of office of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be four years, except the first term which shall be two years.

Article:	70			01/07/1997

Article 70

If the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is dissolved by the Chief Executive in accordance with the provisions of this Law, it must, within three months, be reconstituted by election in accordance with Article 68 of this Law.

Article:	71			01/07/1997

Article 71

The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be elected by and from among the members of the Legislative Council.

The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a Chinese citizen of not less than 40 years of age, who is a permanent resident of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 20 years.

Article:	72			01/07/1997

Article 72

The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

(1): To preside over meetings;
(2): To decide on the agenda, giving priority to government bills for inclusion in the agenda;
(3): To decide on the time of meetings;
(4): To call special sessions during the recess;
(5): To call emergency sessions on the request of the Chief Executive; and
(6): To exercise other powers and functions as prescribed in the rules of procedure of the Legislative Council.

Article:	73			01/07/1997

Article 73

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

(1): To enact, amend or repeal laws in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures;
(2): To examine and approve budgets introduced by the government;
(3): To approve taxation and public expenditure;
(4): To receive and debate the policy addresses of the Chief Executive;
(5): To raise questions on the work of the government;
(6): To debate any issue concerning public interests;

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(9): If a motion initiated jointly by one-fourth of all the members of the Legislative Council charges the Chief Executive with serious breach of law or dereliction of duty and if he or she refuses to resign, the Council may, after passing a motion for investigation, give a mandate to the Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal to form and chair an independent investigation committee. The committee shall be responsible for carrying out the investigation and reporting its findings to the Council. If the committee considers the evidence sufficient to substantiate such charges, the Council may pass a motion of impeachment by a two-thirds majority of all its members and report it to the Central People's Government for decision; and
(10): To summon, as required when exercising the above-mentioned powers and functions, persons concerned to testify or give evidence.

Article:	74			01/07/1997

Article 74

Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may introduce bills in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures. Bills which do not relate to public expenditure or political structure or the operation of the government may be introduced individually or jointly by members of the Council. The written consent of the Chief Executive shall be required before bills relating to government policies are introduced.

Article:	75			01/07/1997

Article 75

The quorum for the meeting of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be not less than one half of all its members.

The rules of procedure of the Legislative Council shall be made by the Council on its own, provided that they do not contravene this Law.

Article:	76			01/07/1997

Article 76

A bill passed by the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may take effect only after it is signed and promulgated by the Chief Executive.

Article:	77			01/07/1997

Article 77

Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be immune from legal action in respect of their statements at meetings of the Council.

Article:	78			01/07/1997

Article 78

Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall not be subjected to arrest when attending or on their way to a meeting of the Council.

Article:	79			01/07/1997

Article 79

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall declare that a member of the Council is no longer qualified for the office under any of the following circumstances:

(1) When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;

(6): When he or she is convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for one month or more for a criminal offence committed within or outside the Region and is relieved of his or her duties by a motion passed by two-thirds of the members of the Legislative Council present; and
(7): When he or she is censured for misbehaviour or breach of oath by a vote of two-thirds of the members of the Legislative Council present.

Article:	80			01/07/1997

Section 4 The Judiciary

Article 80

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region at all levels shall be the judiciary of the Region, exercising the judicial power of the Region.

Article:	81			01/07/1997

Article 81

The Court of Final Appeal, the High Court, district courts, magistrates' courts and other special courts shall be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The High Court shall comprise the Court of Appeal and the Court of First Instance.

The judicial system previously practised in Hong Kong shall be maintained except for those changes consequent upon the establishment of the Court of Final Appeal of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	82			01/07/1997

Article 82

The power of final adjudication of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested in the Court of Final Appeal of the Region, which may as required invite judges from other common law jurisdictions to sit on the Court of Final Appeal.

Article:	83			01/07/1997

Article 83

The structure, powers and functions of the courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region at all levels shall be prescribed by law.

Article:	84			01/07/1997

Article 84

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall adjudicate cases in accordance with the laws applicable in the Region as prescribed in Article 18 of this Law and may refer to precedents of other common law jurisdictions.

Article:	85			01/07/1997

Article 85

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise judicial power independently, free from any interference. Members of the judiciary shall be immune from legal action in the performance of their judicial functions.

Article:	86			01/07/1997

Article 86

The principle of trial by jury previously practised in Hong Kong shall be maintained.

Article:	87			01/07/1997

Article 87

In criminal or civil proceedings in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the principles previously applied in Hong Kong and the rights previously enjoyed by parties to proceedings shall be maintained.

Anyone who is lawfully arrested shall have the right to a fair trial by the judicial organs without delay and shall be presumed innocent until convicted by the judicial organs.

Article:	88			01/07/1997

Article 88

Judges of the courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be appointed by the Chief Executive on the recommendation of an independent commission composed of local judges, persons from the legal profession and eminent persons from other sectors.

Article:	89			01/07/1997

Article 89

A judge of a court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may only be removed for inability to discharge his or her duties, or for misbehaviour, by the Chief Executive on the recommendation of a tribunal appointed by the Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal and consisting of not fewer than three local judges.

The Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may be investigated only for inability to discharge his or her duties, or for misbehaviour, by a tribunal appointed by the Chief Executive and consisting of not fewer than five local judges and may be removed by the Chief Executive on the recommendation of the tribunal and in accordance with the procedures prescribed in this Law.

Article:	90			01/07/1997

Article 90

The Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal and the Chief Judge of the High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country.

In the case of the appointment or removal of judges of the Court of Final Appeal and the Chief Judge of the High Court of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Chief Executive shall, in addition to following the procedures prescribed in Articles 88 and 89 of this Law, obtain the endorsement of the Legislative Council and report such appointment or removal to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.

Article:	91			01/07/1997

Article 91

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the previous system of appointment and removal of members of the judiciary other than judges.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	92			01/07/1997

Article 92

Judges and other members of the judiciary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be chosen on the basis of their judicial and professional qualities and may be recruited from other common law jurisdictions.

Article:	93			01/07/1997

Article 93

Judges and other members of the judiciary serving in Hong Kong before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may all remain in employment and retain their seniority with pay, allowances, benefits and conditions of service no less favourable than before.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall pay to judges and other members of the judiciary who retire or leave the service in compliance with regulations, including those who have retired or left the service before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, or to their dependants, all pensions, gratuities, allowances and benefits due to them on terms no less favourable than before, irrespective of their nationality or place of residence.

Article:	94			01/07/1997

Article 94

On the basis of the system previously operating in Hong Kong, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may make provisions for local lawyers and lawyers from outside Hong Kong to work and practise in the Region.

Article:	95			01/07/1997

Article 95

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, through consultations and in accordance with law, maintain juridical relations with the judicial organs of other parts of the country, and they may render assistance to each other.

Article:	96			01/07/1997

Article 96

With the assistance or authorization of the Central People's Government, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may make appropriate arrangements with foreign states for reciprocal juridical assistance.

Article:	97			01/07/1997

Section 5 District Organizations

Article 97

District organizations which are not organs of political power may be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, to be consulted by the government of the Region on district administration and other affairs, or to be responsible for providing services in such fields as culture, recreation and environmental sanitation.

Article:	98			01/07/1997

Article 98

The powers and functions of the district organizations and the method for their formation shall be prescribed by law.

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Article:	99			01/07/1997

Section 6 Public Servants

Article 99

Public servants serving in all government departments of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must be permanent residents of the Region, except where otherwise provided for in Article 101 of this Law regarding public servants of foreign nationalities and except for those below a certain rank as prescribed by law.

Public servants must be dedicated to their duties and be responsible to the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	100			01/07/1997

Article 100

Public servants serving in all Hong Kong government departments, including the police department, before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, may all remain in employment and retain their seniority with pay, allowances, benefits and conditions of service no less favourable than before.

Article:	101			01/07/1997

Article 101

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may employ British and other foreign nationals previously serving in the public service in Hong Kong, or those holding permanent identity cards of the Region, to serve as public servants in government departments at all levels, but only Chinese citizens among permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country may fill the following posts: the Secretaries and Deputy Secretaries of Departments, Directors of Bureaux, Commissioner Against Corruption, Director of Audit, Commissioner of Police, Director of Immigration and Commissioner of Customs and Excise.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may also employ British and other foreign nationals as advisers to government departments and, when required, may recruit qualified candidates from outside the Region to fill professional and technical posts in government departments. These foreign nationals shall be employed only in their individual capacities and shall be responsible to the government of the Region.

Article:	102			01/07/1997

Article 102

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall pay to public servants who retire or who leave the service in compliance with regulations, including those who have retired or who have left the service in compliance with regulations before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, or to their dependants, all pensions, gratuities, allowances and benefits due to them on terms no less favourable than before, irrespective of their nationality or place of residence.

Article:	103			01/07/1997

Article 103

The appointment and promotion of public servants shall be on the basis of their qualifications, experience and ability. Hong Kong's previous system of recruitment, employment, assessment, discipline, training and management for the public service, including special bodies for their appointment, pay and conditions of service, shall be maintained, except for any provisions for privileged treatment of foreign nationals.

Article:	104			01/07/1997

Article 104

When assuming office, the Chief Executive, principal officials, members of the Executive Council and of the Legislative Council, judges of the courts at all levels and other members of the judiciary in the Hong Kong Special

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Administrative Region must, in accordance with law, swear to uphold the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China and swear allegiance to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.

Article:	105			01/07/1997

Chapter V Economy

Section 1 Public Finance, Monetary Affairs, Trade, Industry and Commerce

Article 105

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, in accordance with law, protect the right of individuals and legal persons to the acquisition, use, disposal and inheritance of property and their right to compensation for lawful deprivation of their property.

Such compensation shall correspond to the real value of the property concerned at the time and shall be freely convertible and paid without undue delay.

The ownership of enterprises and the investments from outside the Region shall be protected by law.

Article:	106			01/07/1997

Article 106

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have independent finances.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall use its financial revenues exclusively for its own purposes, and they shall not be handed over to the Central People's Government.

The Central People's Government shall not levy taxes in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	107			01/07/1997

Article 107

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall follow the principle of keeping expenditure within the limits of revenues in drawing up its budget, and strive to achieve a fiscal balance, avoid deficits and keep the budget commensurate with the growth rate of its gross domestic product.

Article:	108			01/07/1997

Article 108

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall practise an independent taxation system.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, taking the low tax policy previously pursued in Hong Kong as reference, enact laws on its own concerning types of taxes, tax rates, tax reductions, allowances and exemptions, and other matters of taxation.

Article:	109			01/07/1997

Article 109

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall provide an appropriate economic and legal environment for the maintenance of the status of Hong Kong as an international financial centre.

Article:	110			01/07/1997

Article 110

The monetary and financial systems of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be prescribed by law.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate monetary and

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

financial policies, safeguard the free operation of financial business and financial markets, and regulate and supervise them in accordance with law.

Article:	111			01/07/1997

Article 111

The Hong Kong dollar, as the legal tender in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, shall continue to circulate.

The authority to issue Hong Kong currency shall be vested in the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The issue of Hong Kong currency must be backed by a 100 percent reserve fund. The system regarding the issue of Hong Kong currency and the reserve fund system shall be prescribed by law.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may authorize designated banks to issue or continue to issue Hong Kong currency under statutory authority, after satisfying itself that any issue of currency will be soundly based and that the arrangements for such issue are consistent with the object of maintaining the stability of the currency.

Article:	112			01/07/1997

Article 112

No foreign exchange control policies shall be applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The Hong Kong dollar shall be freely convertible. Markets for foreign exchange, gold, securities, futures and the like shall continue.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the free flow of capital within, into and out of the Region.

Article:	113			01/07/1997

Article 113

The Exchange Fund of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be managed and controlled by the government of the Region, primarily for regulating the exchange value of the Hong Kong dollar.

Article:	114			01/07/1997

Article 114

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the status of a free port and shall not impose any tariff unless otherwise prescribed by law.

Article:	115			01/07/1997

Article 115

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall pursue the policy of free trade and safeguard the free movement of goods, intangible assets and capital.

Article:	116			01/07/1997

Article 116

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a separate customs territory.

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, using the name "Hong Kong, China", participate in relevant international organizations and international trade agreements (including preferential trade arrangements), such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and arrangements regarding international trade in textiles.

Export quotas, tariff preferences and other similar arrangements, which are obtained or made by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region or which were obtained or made and remain valid, shall be enjoyed exclusively by the Region.

Article:	117			01/07/1997

Article 117

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may issue its own certificates of origin for products in accordance with prevailing rules of origin.

Article:	118			01/07/1997

Article 118

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall provide an economic and legal environment for encouraging investments, technological progress and the development of new industries.

Article:	119			01/07/1997

Article 119

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall formulate appropriate policies to promote and co-ordinate the development of various trades such as manufacturing, commerce, tourism, real estate, transport, public utilities, services, agriculture and fisheries, and pay regard to the protection of the environment.

Article:	120			01/07/1997

Section 2 Land Leases

Article 120

All leases of land granted, decided upon or renewed before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region which extend beyond 30 June 1997, and all rights in relation to such leases, shall continue to be recognized and protected under the law of the Region.

Article:	121			01/07/1997

Article 121

As regards all leases of land granted or renewed where the original leases contain no right of renewal, during the period from 27 May 1985 to 30 June 1997, which extend beyond 30 June 1997 and expire not later than 30 June 2047, the lessee is not required to pay an additional premium as from 1 July 1997, but an annual rent equivalent to 3 per cent of the rateable value of the property at that date, adjusted in step with any changes in the rateable value thereafter, shall be charged.

Article:	122			01/07/1997

Article 122

In the case of old schedule lots, village lots, small houses and similar rural holdings, where the property was on 30 June 1984 held by, or, in the case of small houses granted after that date, where the property is granted to, a lessee descended through the male line from a person who was in 1898 a resident of an established village in Hong Kong, the previous rent shall remain unchanged so long as the property is held by that lessee or by one of his lawful successors in the male line.

Article:	123			01/07/1997

Article 123

Where leases of land without a right of renewal expire after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, they shall be dealt with in accordance with laws and policies formulated by the Region on its own.

Article:	124			01/07/1997

Section 3 Shipping

Article 124

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain Hong Kong's previous systems of shipping management and shipping regulation, including the system for regulating conditions of seamen.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, define its specific functions and responsibilities in respect of shipping.

Article:	125			01/07/1997

Article 125

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be authorized by the Central People's Government to continue to maintain a shipping register and issue related certificates under its legislation, using the name "Hong Kong, China".

Article:	126			01/07/1997

Article 126

With the exception of foreign warships, access for which requires the special permission of the Central People's Government, ships shall enjoy access to the ports of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the laws of the Region.

Article:	127			01/07/1997

Article 127

Private shipping businesses and shipping-related businesses and private container terminals in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may continue to operate freely.

Article:	128			01/07/1997

Section 4 Civil Aviation

Article 128

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall provide conditions and take measures for the maintenance of the status of Hong Kong as a centre of international and regional aviation.

Article:	129			01/07/1997

Article 129

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall continue the previous system of civil aviation management in Hong Kong and keep its own aircraft register in accordance with provisions laid down by the Central People's Government concerning nationality marks and registration marks of aircraft.

Access of foreign state aircraft to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall require the special permission of the Central People's Government.

Article:	130			01/07/1997

Article 130

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible on its own for matters of routine business and technical management of civil aviation, including the management of airports, the provision of air traffic services within the flight information region of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the discharge of other responsibilities allocated to it under the regional air navigation procedures of the International Civil Aviation

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Organization.

Article:	131			01/07/1997

Article 131

The Central People's Government shall, in consultation with the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, make arrangements providing air services between the Region and other parts of the People's Republic of China for airlines incorporated in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and having their principal place of business in Hong Kong and other airlines of the People's Republic of China.

Article:	132			01/07/1997

Article 132

All air service agreements providing air services between other parts of the People's Republic of China and other states and regions with stops at the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and air services between the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and other states and regions with stops at other parts of the People's Republic of China shall be concluded by the Central People's Government.

In concluding the air service agreements referred to in the first paragraph of this Article, the Central People's Government shall take account of the special conditions and economic interests of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and consult the government of the Region.

Representatives of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as members of the delegations of the Government of the People's Republic of China, participate in air service consultations conducted by the Central People's Government with foreign governments concerning arrangements for such services referred to in the first paragraph of this Article.

Article:	133			01/07/1997

Article 133

Acting under specific authorizations from the Central People's Government, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may:

(1) renew or amend air service agreements and arrangements previously in force;

(2): negotiate and conclude new air service agreements providing routes for airlines incorporated in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and having their principal place of business in Hong Kong and providing rights for over-flights and technical stops; and
(3): negotiate and conclude provisional arrangements with foreign states or regions with which no air service agreements have been concluded.

All scheduled air services to, from or through Hong Kong, which do not operate to, from or through the mainland of China shall be regulated by the air service agreements or provisional arrangements referred to in this Article.

Article:	134			01/07/1997

Article 134

The Central People's Government shall give the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region the authority to:

(1): negotiate and conclude with other authorities all arrangements concerning the implementation of the air service agreements and provisional arrangements referred to in Article 133 of this Law;
(2): issue licences to airlines incorporated in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and having their principal place of business in Hong Kong;
(3): designate such airlines under the air service agreements and provisional arrangements referred to in Article 133 of this Law; and

(4) issue permits to foreign airlines for services other than those to, from or through the mainland of China.

Article:	135			01/07/1997

Article 135

Airlines incorporated and having their principal place of business in Hong Kong and businesses related to civil aviation functioning there prior to the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may continue to operate.

Article:	136			01/07/1997

Chapter VI Education, Science, Culture, Sports, Religion,
Labour and Social Services

Article 136

On the basis of the previous educational system, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on the development and improvement of education, including policies regarding the educational system and its administration, the language of instruction, the allocation of funds, the examination system, the system of academic awards and the recognition of educational qualifications.

Community organizations and individuals may, in accordance with law, run educational undertakings of various kinds in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	137			01/07/1997

Article 137

Educational institutions of all kinds may retain their autonomy and enjoy academic freedom. They may continue to recruit staff and use teaching materials from outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Schools run by religious organizations may continue to provide religious education, including courses in religion.

Students shall enjoy freedom of choice of educational institutions and freedom to pursue their education outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

Article:	138			01/07/1997

Article 138

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies to develop Western and traditional Chinese medicine and to improve medical and health services. Community organizations and individuals may provide various medical and health services in accordance with law.

Article:	139			01/07/1997

Article 139

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on science and technology and protect by law achievements in scientific and technological research, patents, discoveries and inventions.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, decide on the scientific and technological standards and specifications applicable in Hong Kong.

Article:	140			01/07/1997

Article 140

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on culture and protect by law the achievements and the lawful rights and interests of authors in their literary and artistic creation.

Article:	141			01/07/1997

Article 141

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall not restrict the freedom of religious belief, interfere in the internal affairs of religious organizations or restrict religious activities which do not contravene the laws of the Region.

Religious organizations shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the rights to acquire, use, dispose of and inherit property and the right to receive financial assistance. Their previous property rights and interests shall be maintained and protected.

Religious organizations may, according to their previous practice, continue to run seminaries and other schools, hospitals and welfare institutions and to provide other social services.

Religious organizations and believers in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may maintain and develop their relations with religious organizations and believers elsewhere.

Article:	142			01/07/1997

Article 142

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on the basis of maintaining the previous systems concerning the professions, formulate provisions on its own for assessing the qualifications for practice in the various professions.

Persons with professional qualifications or qualifications for professional practice obtained prior to the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may retain their previous qualifications in accordance with the relevant regulations and codes of practice.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall continue to recognize the professions and the professional organizations recognized prior to the establishment of the Region, and these organizations may, on their own, assess and confer professional qualifications.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as required by developments in society and in consultation with the parties concerned, recognize new professions and professional organizations.

Article:	143			01/07/1997

Article 143

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on sports. Non-governmental sports organizations may continue to exist and develop in accordance with law.

Article:	144			01/07/1997

Article 144

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the policy previously practised in Hong Kong in respect of subventions for non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, medicine and health, culture, art, recreation, sports, social welfare and social work. Staff members previously serving in subvented organizations in Hong Kong may remain in their employment in accordance with the previous system.

Article:	145			01/07/1997

Article 145

On the basis of the previous social welfare system, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on the development and improvement of this system in the light of the economic conditions and social needs.

Article:	146			01/07/1997

Article 146

Voluntary organizations providing social services in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, on

their own, decide their forms of service, provided that the law is not contravened.

Article:	147			01/07/1997

Article 147

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall on its own formulate laws and policies relating to labour.

Article:	148			01/07/1997

Article 148

The relationship between non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, science, technology, culture, art, sports, the professions, medicine and health, labour, social welfare and social work as well as religious organizations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and their counterparts on the mainland shall be based on the principles of non-subordination, non-interference and mutual respect.

Article:	149			01/07/1997

Article 149

Non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, science, technology, culture, art, sports, the professions, medicine and health, labour, social welfare and social work as well as religious organizations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may maintain and develop relations with their counterparts in foreign countries and regions and with relevant international organizations. They may, as required, use the name "Hong Kong, China" in the relevant activities.

Article:	150			01/07/1997

Chapter VII External Affairs

Article 150

Representatives of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as members of delegations of the Government of the People's Republic of China, participate in negotiations at the diplomatic level directly affecting the Region conducted by the Central People's Government.

Article:	151			01/07/1997

Article 151

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may on its own, using the name "Hong Kong, China", maintain and develop relations and conclude and implement agreements with foreign states and regions and relevant international organizations in the appropriate fields, including the economic, trade, financial and monetary, shipping, communications, tourism, cultural and sports fields.

Article:	152			01/07/1997

Article 152

Representatives of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as members of delegations of the People's Republic of China, participate in international organizations or conferences in appropriate fields limited to states and affecting the Region, or may attend in such other capacity as may be permitted by the Central People's Government and the international organization or conference concerned, and may express their views, using the name "Hong Kong, China".

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, using the name "Hong Kong, China", participate in international organizations and conferences not limited to states.

The Central People's Government shall take the necessary steps to ensure that the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall continue to retain its status in an appropriate capacity in those international organizations of which the People's Republic of China is a member and in which Hong Kong participates in one capacity or another.

The Central People's Government shall, where necessary, facilitate the continued participation of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in an appropriate capacity in those international organizations in which Hong Kong is a participant in one capacity or another, but of which the People's Republic of China is not a member.

Article:	153			01/07/1997

Article 153

The application to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of international agreements to which the People's Republic of China is or becomes a party shall be decided by the Central People's Government, in accordance with the circumstances and needs of the Region, and after seeking the views of the government of the Region.

International agreements to which the People's Republic of China is not a party but which are implemented in Hong Kong may continue to be implemented in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The Central People's Government shall, as necessary, authorize or assist the government of the Region to make appropriate arrangements for the application to the Region of other relevant international agreements.

Article:	154			01/07/1997

Article 154

The Central People's Government shall authorize the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to issue, in accordance with law, passports of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China to all Chinese citizens who hold permanent identity cards of the Region, and travel documents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China to all other persons lawfully residing in the Region. The above passports and documents shall be valid for all states and regions and shall record the holder's right to return to the Region.

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may apply immigration controls on entry into, stay in and departure from the Region by persons from foreign states and regions.

Article:	155			01/07/1997

Article 155

The Central People's Government shall assist or authorize the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to conclude visa abolition agreements with foreign states or regions.

Article:	156			01/07/1997

Article 156

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as necessary, establish official or semi-official economic and trade missions in foreign countries and shall report the establishment of such missions to the Central People's Government for the record.

Article:	157			01/07/1997

Article 157

The establishment of foreign consular and other official or semi-official missions in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall require the approval of the Central People's Government.

Consular and other official missions established in Hong Kong by states which have formal diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China may be maintained.

According to the circumstances of each case, consular and other official missions established in Hong Kong by states which have no formal diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China may be permitted either to remain or be changed to semi-official missions.

States not recognized by the People's Republic of China may only establish non-governmental institutions in the Region.

Article:	158			01/07/1997

Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law

Article 158

The power of interpretation of this Law shall be vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall authorize the courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to interpret on their own, in adjudicating cases, the provisions of this Law which are within the limits of the autonomy of the Region.

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may also interpret other provisions of this Law in adjudicating cases. However, if the courts of the Region, in adjudicating cases, need to interpret the provisions of this Law concerning affairs which are the responsibility of the Central People's Government, or concerning the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, and if such interpretation will affect the judgments on the cases, the courts of the Region shall, before making their final judgments which are not appealable, seek an interpretation of the relevant provisions from the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress through the Court of Final Appeal of the Region. When the Standing Committee makes an interpretation of the provisions concerned, the courts of the Region, in applying those provisions, shall follow the interpretation of the Standing Committee. However, judgments previously rendered shall not be affected.

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall consult its Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region before giving an interpretation of this Law.

Article:	159			01/07/1997

Article 159

The power of amendment of this Law shall be vested in the National People's Congress.

The power to propose bills for amendments to this Law shall be vested in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the State Council and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Amendment bills from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be submitted to the National People's Congress by the delegation of the Region to the National People's Congress after obtaining the consent of two-thirds of the deputies of the Region to the National People's Congress, two-thirds of all the members of the Legislative Council of the Region, and the Chief Executive of the Region.

Before a bill for amendment to this Law is put on the agenda of the National People's Congress, the Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall study it and submit its views.

No amendment to this Law shall contravene the established basic policies of the People's of China regarding Hong Kong.

Article:	160			01/07/1997

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 160

Upon the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the laws previously in force in Hong Kong shall be adopted as laws of the Region except for those which the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress declares to be in contravention of this Law. If any laws are later discovered to be in contravention of this Law, they shall be amended or cease to have force in accordance with the procedure as prescribed by this Law.

Documents, certificates, contracts, and rights and obligations valid under the laws previously in force in Hong Kong shall continue to be valid and be recognized and protected by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, provided that they do not contravene this Law.

Annex:	1			01/07/1997

Annex I

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

1. The Chief Executive shall be elected by a broadly representative Election Committee in accordance with this Law and appointed by the Central People's Government.

2. The Election Committee shall be composed of 800 members from the following sectors:

Industrial, commercial and financial sectors 200
The professions 200
Labour, social services, religious and other sectors 200
Members of the Legislative Council, representatives of

district-based organizations, Hong Kong deputies to
the National People's Congress, and representatives
of Hong Kong members of the National Committee
of the Chinese People's Political Consultative
Conference 200

The term of office of the Election Committee shall be five years.

The delimitation of the various sectors, the organizations in each sector eligible to return Election Committee members and the number of such members returned by each of these organizations shall be prescribed by an electoral law enacted by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the principles of democracy and openness.
Corporate bodies in various sectors shall, on their own, elect members to the Election Committee, in accordance with the number of seats allocated and the election method as prescribed by the electoral law. Members of the Election Committee shall vote in their individual capacities.

Candidates for the office of Chief Executive may be nominated jointly by not less than 100 members of the Election Committee. Each member may nominate only one candidate.
The Election Committee shall, on the basis of the list of nominees, elect the Chief Executive designate by secret ballot on a one-person-one-vote basis. The specific election method shall be prescribed by the electoral law.
The first Chief Executive shall be selected in accordance with the Decision of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on the Method for the Formation of the First Government and the First Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

*7. If there is a need to amend the method for selecting the Chief Executives for the terms subsequent to the year 2007, such amendments must be made with the endorsement of a two-thirds majority of all the members of the Legislative Council and the consent of the Chief Executive, and they shall be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for approval.

Note:

* See The Interpretation by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of Article 7 of Annex I and Article III of Annex II of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted by the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress at its Eighth Session on 6 April 2004) (Instrument A107 in this database).

Annex:	2			01/07/1997

Annex II

Method for the Formation of the Legislative

Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures

I. Method for the formation of the Legislative Council

1. The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of 60 members in each term. In the first term, the Legislative Council shall be formed in accordance with the Decision of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on the Method for the Formation of the First Government and the First Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The composition of the Legislative Council in the second and third terms shall be as follows:

Second term

Members returned by functional constituencies 30

Members returned by the Election Committee 6

Members returned by geographical constituencies through direct elections 24

Third term

Members returned by functional constituencies 30

Members returned by geographical constituencies

through direct elections 30

2. Except in the case of the first Legislative Council, the above-mentioned Election Committee refers to the one provided for in Annex I of this Law. The division of geographical constituencies and the voting method for direct elections therein; the delimitation of functional sectors and corporate bodies, their seat allocation and election methods; and the method for electing members of the Legislative Council by the Election Committee shall be specified by an electoral law introduced by the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and passed by the Legislative Council.

II. Procedures for voting on bills and motions in the Legislative Council

Unless otherwise provided for in this Law, the Legislative Council shall adopt the following procedures for voting on bills and motions:

The passage of bills introduced by the government shall require at least a simple majority vote of the members of the Legislative Council present.

The passage of motions, bills or amendments to government bills introduced by individual members of the Legislative Council shall require a simple majority vote of each of the two groups of members present: members returned by functional constituencies and those returned by geographical constituencies through direct elections and by the Election Committee.

*III. Method for the formation of the Legislative Council and its voting procedures subsequent to the year 2007

With regard to the method for forming the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and its procedures for voting on bills and motions after 2007, if there is a need to amend the provisions of this Annex, such amendments must be made with the endorsement of a two-thirds majority of all the members of the Council and the consent of the Chief Executive, and they shall be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.

Note:

Annex:	3			01/07/1997

Annex III

Instrument A101 - THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

National Laws to be Applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region*

The following national laws shall be applied locally with effect from 1 July 1997 by way of promulgation or legislation by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region:

Resolution on the Capital, Calendar, National Anthem and National Flag of the People's Republic of China
Resolution on the National Day of the People's Republic of China

3. Order on the National Emblem of the People's Republic of China Proclaimed by the Central People's Government

Attached: Design of the national emblem, notes of explanation and instructions for use

Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea
Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China
Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities

Note:

* For addition to and deletion from the list of laws in Annex III, please see-

a.: Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the addition to or deletion from the list of national laws in Annex III to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted at the Twenty Sixth Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on 1 July 1997) (Instrument A102 in this database);
b.: Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the addition to the list of national laws in Annex III to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted on 4 November 1998) (Instrument A103 in this database); and
c.: Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the addition to the list of national laws in Annex III to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (Adopted on 27 October 2005) (Instrument A109 in this database).

文件： A101 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法
序言
第一章總則
第二章中央和香港特別行政區的關係
第三章居民的基本權利和義務
第四章政治體制
第五章經濟
第六章教育、科學、文化、體育、宗教、勞工和社會服務
- 第一百三十九條
- 第一百四十條
第七章對外事務
第八章本法的解釋和修改
第九章附則
附件一香港特別行政區行政長官的產生辦法
附件二香港特別行政區立法會的產生辦法和表決程序
附件三在香港特別行政區實施的全國性法律

附註：本文件在香港法例活頁版中並無編配章號，但在雙語法例資料系統中獲配以一個非正式的參考編號以作識別，並讓使用者可藉該非正式的參考編號就該文件進行搜尋。

中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法*

(1990年4月4日第七屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議通過 1990年4月4日中華人民共和國主席令第二十六號公布自1997年7月1日起施行)

序言

第一章總則

第二章中央和香港特別行政區的關係

第三章居民的基本權利和義務

第四章政治體制第一節行政長官第二節行政機關第三節立法機關第四節司法機關第五節區域組織第六節公務人員

第五章經濟第一節財政、金融、貿易和工商業第二節土地契約第三節航運第四節民用航空

第六章教育、科學、文化、體育、宗教、勞工和社會服務

第七章對外事務

第八章本法的解釋和修改

第九章附則

附件一香港特別行政區行政長官的產生辦法

附件二香港特別行政區立法會的產生辦法和表決程序

附件三在香港特別行政區實施的全國性法律

註：

* 請同時參閱─

a. 《全國人民代表大會關於〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉的決定》(1990年4月4日第七屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A104)；及

b. 《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉英文本的決定》(1990年6月28日通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A105)。

		序言		01/07/1997

序言

香港自古以來就是中國的領土，一八四○年鴉片戰爭以後被英國佔領。一九八四年十二月十九日，中英兩國政府簽署了關於香港問題的聯合聲明，確認中華人民共和國政府於一九九七年七月一日恢復對香港行使主權，從而實現了長期以來中國人民收回香港的共同願望。

為了維護國家的統一和領土完整，保持香港的繁榮和穩定，並考慮到香港的歷史和現實情況，國家決定，在對香港恢復行使主權時，根據中華人民共和國憲法第三十一條的規定，設立香港特別行政區，並按照“一個國家，兩種制度”的方針，不在香港實行社會主義的制度和政策。國家對香港的基本方針政策，已由中國政府在中英聯合聲明中予以闡明。

根據中華人民共和國憲法，全國人民代表大會特制定中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法，規定香港特別行政區實行的制度，以保障國家對香港的基本方針政策的實施。

條：	1			01/07/1997

第一章總則

第一條香港特別行政區是中華人民共和國不可分離的部分。

條：	2			01/07/1997

第二條全國人民代表大會授權香港特別行政區依照本法的規定實行高度自治，享有行政管理權、立法權、獨立的司法權和終審權。

條：	3			01/07/1997

第三條

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

香港特別行政區的行政機關和立法機關由香港永久性居民依照本法有關規定組成。

條：	4			01/07/1997

第四條香港特別行政區依法保障香港特別行政區居民和其他人的權利和自由。

條：	5			01/07/1997

第五條香港特別行政區不實行社會主義制度和政策，保持原有的資本主義制度和生活方式，五十年不變。

條：	6			01/07/1997

第六條香港特別行政區依法保護私有財產權。

條：	7			01/07/1997

第七條香港特別行政區境內的土地和自然資源屬於國家所有，由香港特別行政區政府負責管理、使用、開發、出租或批給個人、法人或團體使用或開發，其收入全歸香港特別行政區政府支配。

條：	8			01/07/1997

第八條香港原有法律，即普通法、衡平法、條例、附屬立法和習慣法，除同本法相抵觸或經香港特別行政區的立法機關作出修改者外，予以保留。

條：	9			01/07/1997

第九條香港特別行政區的行政機關、立法機關和司法機關，除使用中文外，還可使用英文，英文也是正式語文。

條：	10			01/07/1997

第十條香港特別行政區除懸掛中華人民共和國國旗和國徽外，還可使用香港特別行政區區旗和區徽。香港特別行政區的區旗是五星花蕊的紫荊花紅旗。香港特別行政區的區徽，中間是五星花蕊的紫荊花，周圍寫有“中華人民共和國香港特別行政

區”和英文“香港”。第十一條

條：	11			01/07/1997

根據中華人民共和國憲法第三十一條，香港特別行政區的制度和政策，包括社會、經濟制度，有關保障居民的基本權利和自由的制度，行政管理、立法和司法方面的制度，以及有關政策，均以本法的規定為依據。

香港特別行政區立法機關制定的任何法律，均不得同本法相抵觸。

條：	12			01/07/1997

第二章中央和香港特別行政區的關係

第十二條香港特別行政區是中華人民共和國的一個享有高度自治權的地方行政區域，直轄於中央人民政府。

條：	13			01/07/1997

第十三條中央人民政府負責管理與香港特別行政區有關的外交事務。中華人民共和國外交部在香港設立機構處理外交事務。中央人民政府授權香港特別行政區依照本法自行處理有關的對外事務。

條：	14			01/07/1997

第十四條中央人民政府負責管理香港特別行政區的防務。香港特別行政區政府負責維持香港特別行政區的社會治安。中央人民政府派駐香港特別行政區負責防務的軍隊不干預香港特別行政區的地方事務。香港特

別行政區政府在必要時，可向中央人民政府請求駐軍協助維持社會治安和救助災害。駐軍人員除須遵守全國性的法律外，還須遵守香港特別行政區的法律。駐軍費用由中央人民政府負擔。

條：	15			01/07/1997

第十五條中央人民政府依照本法第四章的規定任命香港特別行政區行政長官和行政機關的主要官員。

條：	16			01/07/1997

第十六條香港特別行政區享有行政管理權，依照本法的有關規定自行處理香港特別行政區的行政事務。

條：	17			01/07/1997

第十七條

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

香港特別行政區享有立法權。

香港特別行政區的立法機關制定的法律須報全國人民代表大會常務委員會備案。備案不影響該法律的生效。

全國人民代表大會常務委員會在徵詢其所屬的香港特別行政區基本法委員會後，如認為香港特別行政區立法機關制定的任何法律不符合本法關於中央管理的事務及中央和香港特別行政區的關係的條款，可將有關法律發回，但不作修改。經全國人民代表大會常務委員會發回的法律立即失效。該法律的失效，除香港特別行政區的法律另有規定外，無溯及力。

條：	18			01/07/1997

第十八條

在香港特別行政區實行的法律為本法以及本法第八條規定的香港原有法律和香港特別行政區立法機關制定的法律。

全國性法律除列於本法附件三者外，不在香港特別行政區實施。凡列於本法附件三之法律，由香港特別行政區在當地公布或立法實施。

全國人民代表大會常務委員會在徵詢其所屬的香港特別行政區基本法委員會和香港特別行政區政府的意見後，可對列於本法附件三的法律作出增減，任何列入附件三的法律，限於有關國防、外交和其他按本法規定不屬於香港特別行政區自治範圍的法律。

全國人民代表大會常務委員會決定宣布戰爭狀態或因香港特別行政區內發生香港特別行政區政府不能控制的危及國家統一或安全的動亂而決定香港特別行政區進入緊急狀態，中央人民政府可發布命令將有關全國性法律在香港特別行政區實施。

條：	19			01/07/1997

第十九條

香港特別行政區享有獨立的司法權和終審權。

香港特別行政區法院除繼續保持香港原有法律制度和原則對法院審判權所作的限制外，對香港特別行政區所有的案件均有審判權。

香港特別行政區法院對國防、外交等國家行為無管轄權。香港特別行政區法院在審理案件中遇有涉及國防、外交等國家行為的事實問題，應取得行政長官就該等問題發出的證明文件，上述文件對法院有約束力。行政長官在發出證明文件前，須取得中央人民政府的證明書。

條：	20			01/07/1997

第二十條香港特別行政區可享有全國人民代表大會和全國人民代表大會常務委員會及中央人民政府授予的其他權力。

條：	21			01/07/1997

第二十一條香港特別行政區居民中的中國公民依法參與國家事務的管理。根據全國人民代表大會確定的名額和代表產生辦法，由香港特別行政區居民中的中國公民在香

港選出香港特別行政區的全國人民代表大會代表，參加最高國家權力機關的工作。

條：	22			01/07/1997

第二十二條中央人民政府所屬各部門、各省、自治區、直轄市均不得干預香港特別行政區根據本法自行管理的事務。中央各部門、各省、自治區、直轄市如需在香港特別行政區設立機構，須徵得香港特別行政區政府同意並經中央人民政府批准。中央各部門、各省、自治區、直轄市在香港特別行政區設立的一切機構及其人員均須遵守香港特別行政區的法律。中國其他地區的人進入香港特別行政區須辦理批准手續，其中進入香港特別行政區定居的人數由中央人民政府主管部門徵求香港特別行政區政府的意見後確定。香港特別行政區可在北京設立辦事機構。

註：

* 參閱《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉第二十二條第四款和第二十四條第二款第(三)項的解釋》(1999年6月26日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十次會議通過)(第2106章)

條：	23			01/07/1997

第二十三條

香港特別行政區應自行立法禁止任何叛國、分裂國家、煽動叛亂、顛覆中央人民政府及竊取國家機密的行為，禁止外國的政治性組織或團體在香港特別行政區進行政治活動，禁止香港特別行政區的政治性組織或團體與外國的政治性組織或團體建立聯繫。

條：	24			01/07/1997

第三章居民的基本權利和義務

第二十四條香港特別行政區居民，簡稱香港居民，包括永久性居民和非永久性居民。香港特別行政區永久性居民為： (一) 在香港特別行政區成立以前或以後在香港出生的中國公民； (二) 在香港特別行政區成立以前或以後在香港通常居住連續七年以上的中國公民；

*(三) 第(一)、(二)兩項所列居民在香港以外所生的中國籍子女； (四)在香港特別行政區成立以前或以後持有效旅行證件進入香港、在香港通常居住連續七年以

上並以香港為永久居住地的非中國籍的人； (五) 在香港特別行政區成立以前或以後第(四)項所列居民在香港所生的未滿二十一周歲的子女； (六) 第(一)至(五)項所列居民以外在香港特別行政區成立以前只在香港有居留權的人。以上居民在香港特別行政區享有居留權和有資格依照香港特別行政區法律取得載明其居留權的

永久性居民身分證。香港特別行政區非永久性居民為：有資格依照香港特別行政區法律取得香港居民身分證，但沒有居留權的人。

註：

條：	25			01/07/1997

第二十五條香港居民在法律面前一律平等。

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第二十六條香港特別行政區永久性居民依法享有選舉權和被選舉權。

條：	27			01/07/1997

第二十七條香港居民享有言論、新聞、出版的自由，結社、集會、遊行、示威的自由，組織和參加工會、罷工的權利和自由。

條：	28			01/07/1997

第二十八條香港居民的人身自由不受侵犯。香港居民不受任意或非法逮捕、拘留、監禁。禁止任意或非法搜查居民的身體、剝奪或限制居

民的人身自由。禁止對居民施行酷刑、任意或非法剝奪居民的生命。

條：	29			01/07/1997

第二十九條香港居民的住宅和其他房屋不受侵犯。禁止任意或非法搜查、侵入居民的住宅和其他房屋。

條：	30			01/07/1997

第三十條

香港居民的通訊自由和通訊秘密受法律的保護。除因公共安全和追查刑事犯罪的需要，由有關機關依照法律程序對通訊進行檢查外，任何部門或個人不得以任何理由侵犯居民的通訊自由和通訊秘密。

條：	31			01/07/1997

第三十一條

香港居民有在香港特別行政區境內遷徙的自由，有移居其他國家和地區的自由。香港居民有旅行和出入境的自由。有效旅行證件的持有人，除非受到法律制止，可自由離開香港特別行政區，無須特別批准。

條：	32			01/07/1997

第三十二條香港居民有信仰的自由。香港居民有宗教信仰的自由，有公開傳教和舉行、參加宗教活動的自由。

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第三十三條香港居民有選擇職業的自由。

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第三十四條香港居民有進行學術研究、文學藝術創作和其他文化活動的自由。

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第三十五條香港居民有權得到秘密法律諮詢、向法院提起訴訟、選擇律師及時保護自己的合法權益或在法庭上為其代理和獲得司法補救。香港居民有權對行政部門和行政人員的行為向法院提起訴訟。

條：	36			01/07/1997

第三十六條香港居民有依法享受社會福利的權利。勞工的福利待遇和退休保障受法律保護。

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第三十七條香港居民的婚姻自由和自願生育的權利受法律保護。

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第三十八條香港居民享有香港特別行政區法律保障的其他權利和自由。

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第三十九條《公民權利和政治權利國際公約》、《經濟、社會與文化權利的國際公約》和國際勞工公約適用於香港的有關規定繼續有效，通過香港特別行政區的法律予以實施。香港居民享有的權利和自由，除依法規定外不得限制，此種限制不得與本條第一款規定抵觸。

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第四十條 “新界”原居民的合法傳統權益受香港特別行政區的保護。

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第四十一條在香港特別行政區境內的香港居民以外的其他人，依法享有本章規定的香港居民的權利和自由。

條：	42			01/07/1997

第四十二條香港居民和在香港的其他人有遵守香港特別行政區實行的法律的義務。

條：	43			01/07/1997

第四章政治體制

第一節行政長官

第四十三條香港特別行政區行政長官是香港特別行政區的首長，代表香港特別行政區。香港特別行政區行政長官依照本法的規定對中央人民政府和香港特別行政區負責。

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第四十四條香港特別行政區行政長官由年滿四十周歲，在香港通常居住連續滿二十年並在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任。

條：	45			01/07/1997

第四十五條香港特別行政區行政長官在當地通過選舉或協商產生，由中央人民政府任命。行政長官的產生辦法根據香港特別行政區的實際情況和循序漸進的原則而規定，最終達至由一

個有廣泛代表性的提名委員會按民主程序提名後普選產生的目標。行政長官產生的具體辦法由附件一《香港特別行政區行政長官的產生辦法》規定。

條：	46			01/07/1997

第四十六條香港特別行政區行政長官任期五年，可連任一次。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

條：	47			01/07/1997

第四十七條香港特別行政區行政長官必須廉潔奉公、盡忠職守。行政長官就任時應向香港特別行政區終審法院首席法官申報財產，記錄在案。

條：	48			01/07/1997

第四十八條

香港特別行政區行政長官行使下列職權：

(一) 領導香港特別行政區政府；

(二) 負責執行本法和依照本法適用於香港特別行政區的其他法律；

(三) 簽署立法會通過的法案，公布法律；

簽署立法會通過的財政預算案，將財政預算、決算報中央人民政府備案；

(四) 決定政府政策和發布行政命令；

(五)提名並報請中央人民政府任命下列主要官員：各司司長、副司長，各局局長，廉政專員，審計署署長，警務處處長，入境事務處處長，海關關長；建議中央人民政府免除上述官員職務；

(六) 依照法定程序任免各級法院法官；

(七) 依照法定程序任免公職人員；

(八) 執行中央人民政府就本法規定的有關事務發出的指令；

(九) 代表香港特別行政區政府處理中央授權的對外事務和其他事務；

(十) 批准向立法會提出有關財政收入或支出的動議；

(十一)根據安全和重大公共利益的考慮，決定政府官員或其他負責政府公務的人員是否向立法會或其屬下的委員會作證和提供證據；

(十二) 赦免或減輕刑事罪犯的刑罰；

(十三) 處理請願、申訴事項。

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第四十九條

香港特別行政區行政長官如認為立法會通過的法案不符合香港特別行政區的整體利益，可在三個月內將法案發回立法會重議，立法會如以不少於全體議員三分之二多數再次通過原案，行政長官必須在一個月內簽署公布或按本法第五十條的規定處理。

條：	50			01/07/1997

第五十條香港特別行政區行政長官如拒絕簽署立法會再次通過的法案或立法會拒絕通過政府提出的財政預算案或其他重要法案，經協商仍不能取得一致意見，行政長官可解散立法會。行政長官在解散立法會前，須徵詢行政會議的意見。行政長官在其一任任期內只能解散立法會一次。

條：	51			01/07/1997

第五十一條

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

香港特別行政區立法會如拒絕批准政府提出的財政預算案，行政長官可向立法會申請臨時撥款。如果由於立法會已被解散而不能批准撥款，行政長官可在選出新的立法會前的一段時期內，按上一財政年度的開支標準，批准臨時短期撥款。

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第五十二條

香港特別行政區行政長官如有下列情況之一者必須辭職：

(一) 因嚴重疾病或其他原因無力履行職務；

(二)因兩次拒絕簽署立法會通過的法案而解散立法會，重選的立法會仍以全體議員三分之二多數通過所爭議的原案，而行政長官仍拒絕簽署；

(三)因立法會拒絕通過財政預算案或其他重要法案而解散立法會，重選的立法會繼續拒絕通過所爭議的原案。

條：	53			01/07/1997

第五十三條香港特別行政區行政長官短期不能履行職務時，由政務司長、財政司長、律政司長依次臨時代理其職務。

*: 參閱《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉第五十三條第二款的解釋》(2005年4月27日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第十五次會議通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A108)。

條：	54			01/07/1997

第五十四條香港特別行政區行政會議是協助行政長官決策的機構。

條：	55			01/07/1997

第五十五條香港特別行政區行政會議的成員由行政長官從行政機關的主要官員、立法會議員和社會人士中委任，其任免由行政長官決定。行政會議成員的任期應不超過委任他的行政長官的任期。香港特別行政區行政會議成員由在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任。行政長官認為必要時可邀請有關人士列席會議。

條：	56			01/07/1997

第五十六條香港特別行政區行政會議由行政長官主持。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

行政長官在作出重要決策、向立法會提交法案、制定附屬法規和解散立法會前，須徵詢行政會議的意見，但人事任免、紀律制裁和緊急情況下採取的措施除外。行政長官如不採納行政會議多數成員的意見，應將具體理由記錄在案。

條：	57			01/07/1997

第五十七條香港特別行政區設立廉政公署，獨立工作，對行政長官負責。

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第五十八條香港特別行政區設立審計署，獨立工作，對行政長官負責。

條：	59			01/07/1997

第二節行政機關

第五十九條香港特別行政區政府是香港特別行政區行政機關。

條：	60			01/07/1997

第六十條香港特別行政區政府的首長是香港特別行政區行政長官。香港特別行政區政府設政務司、財政司、律政司和各局、處、署。

條：	61			01/07/1997

第六十一條香港特別行政區的主要官員由在香港通常居住連續滿十五年並在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任。

條：	62			01/07/1997

第六十二條

香港特別行政區政府行使下列職權：

(一) 制定並執行政策；

(二) 管理各項行政事務；

(三) 辦理本法規定的中央人民政府授權的對外事務；

(四) 編制並提出財政預算、決算；

(五) 擬定並提出法案、議案、附屬法規；

(六) 委派官員列席立法會並代表政府發言。

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第六十三條香港特別行政區律政司主管刑事檢察工作，不受任何干涉。

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第六十四條香港特別行政區政府必須遵守法律，對香港特別行政區立法會負責：執行立法會通過並已生效的法律；定期向立法會作施政報告；答覆立法會議員的質詢；徵稅和公共開支須經立法會批准。

條：	65			01/07/1997

第六十五條原由行政機關設立諮詢組織的制度繼續保留。

條：	66			01/07/1997

第三節立法機關

第六十六條香港特別行政區立法會是香港特別行政區的立法機關。

條：	67			01/07/1997

第六十七條

香港特別行政區立法會由在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民組成。但非中國籍的香港特別行政區永久性居民和在外國有居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民也可以當選為香港特別行政區立法會議員，其所佔比例不得超過立法會全體議員的百分之二十。

條：	68			01/07/1997

第六十八條香港特別行政區立法會由選舉產生。立法會的產生辦法根據香港特別行政區的實際情況和循序漸進的原則而規定，最終達至全部議

員由普選產生的目標。立法會產生的具體辦法和法案、議案的表決程序由附件二《香港特別行政區立法會的產生辦法和表決程序》規定。

條：	69			01/07/1997

第六十九條香港特別行政區立法會除第一屆任期為兩年外，每屆任期四年。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

條：	70			01/07/1997

第七十條香港特別行政區立法會如經行政長官依本法規定解散，須於三個月內依本法第六十八條的規定，重行選舉產生。

條：	71			01/07/1997

第七十一條香港特別行政區立法會主席由立法會議員互選產生。香港特別行政區立法會主席由年滿四十周歲，在香港通常居住連續滿二十年並在外國無居留權

的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任。

條：	72			01/07/1997

第七十二條香港特別行政區立法會主席行使下列職權： (一) 主持會議； (二) 決定議程，政府提出的議案須優先列入議程； (三) 決定開會時間； (四) 在休會期間可召開特別會議； (五) 應行政長官的要求召開緊急會議； (六) 立法會議事規則所規定的其他職權。

條：	73			01/07/1997

第七十三條

香港特別行政區立法會行使下列職權：

(一) 根據本法規定並依照法定程序制定、修改和廢除法律；

(二) 根據政府的提案，審核、通過財政預算；

(三) 批准稅收和公共開支；

(四) 聽取行政長官的施政報告並進行辯論；

(五) 對政府的工作提出質詢；

(六) 就任何有關公共利益問題進行辯論；

(七) 同意終審法院法官和高等法院首席法官的任免；

(八) 接受香港居民申訴並作出處理；

(九)如立法會全體議員的四分之一聯合動議，指控行政長官有嚴重違法或瀆職行為而不辭職，經立法會通過進行調查，立法會可委托終審法院首席法官負責組成獨立的調查委員會，並擔任主席。調查委員會負責進行調查，並向立法會提出報告。如該調查委員會認為有足夠證據構成上述指控，立法會以全體議員三分之二多數通過，可提出彈劾案，報請中央人民政府決定；

(十) 在行使上述各項職權時，如有需要，可傳召有關人士出席作證和提供證據。

條：	74			01/07/1997

第七十四條

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

香港特別行政區立法會議員根據本法規定並依照法定程序提出法律草案，凡不涉及公共開支或政治體制或政府運作者，可由立法會議員個別或聯名提出。凡涉及政府政策者，在提出前必須得到行政長官的書面同意。

條：	75			01/07/1997

第七十五條香港特別行政區立法會舉行會議的法定人數為不少於全體議員的二分之一。立法會議事規則由立法會自行制定，但不得與本法相抵觸。

條：	76			01/07/1997

第七十六條香港特別行政區立法會通過的法案，須經行政長官簽署、公布，方能生效。

條：	77			01/07/1997

第七十七條香港特別行政區立法會議員在立法會的會議上發言，不受法律追究。

條：	78			01/07/1997

第七十八條香港特別行政區立法會議員在出席會議時和赴會途中不受逮捕。

條：	79			01/07/1997

第七十九條香港特別行政區立法會議員如有下列情況之一，由立法會主席宣告其喪失立法會議員的資格： (一) 因嚴重疾病或其他情況無力履行職務； (二) 未得到立法會主席的同意，連續三個月不出席會議而無合理解釋者； (三) 喪失或放棄香港特別行政區永久性居民的身分； (四) 接受政府的委任而出任公務人員； (五) 破產或經法庭裁定償還債務而不履行； (六)在香港特別行政區區內或區外被判犯有刑事罪行，判處監禁一個月以上，並經立法會出席

會議的議員三分之二通過解除其職務； (七) 行為不檢或違反誓言而經立法會出席會議的議員三分之二通過譴責。

條：	80			01/07/1997

第四節司法機關

第八十條香港特別行政區各級法院是香港特別行政區的司法機關，行使香港特別行政區的審判權。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

條：	81			01/07/1997

第八十一條香港特別行政區設立終審法院、高等法院、區域法院、裁判署法庭和其他專門法庭。高等法院設上訴法庭和原訟法庭。原在香港實行的司法體制，除因設立香港特別行政區終審法院而產生變化外，予以保留。

條：	82			01/07/1997

第八十二條香港特別行政區的終審權屬於香港特別行政區終審法院。終審法院可根據需要邀請其他普通法適用地區的法官參加審判。

條：	83			01/07/1997

第八十三條香港特別行政區各級法院的組織和職權由法律規定。

條：	84			01/07/1997

第八十四條香港特別行政區法院依照本法第十八條所規定的適用於香港特別行政區的法律審判案件，其他普通法適用地區的司法判例可作參考。

條：	85			01/07/1997

第八十五條香港特別行政區法院獨立進行審判，不受任何干涉，司法人員履行審判職責的行為不受法律追究。

條：	86			01/07/1997

第八十六條原在香港實行的陪審制度的原則予以保留。

條：	87			01/07/1997

第八十七條香港特別行政區的刑事訴訟和民事訴訟中保留原在香港適用的原則和當事人享有的權利。任何人在被合法拘捕後，享有盡早接受司法機關公正審判的權利，未經司法機關判罪之前均假

定無罪。

條：	88			01/07/1997

第八十八條香港特別行政區法院的法官，根據當地法官和法律界及其他方面知名人士組成的獨立委員會推

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

薦，由行政長官任命。

條：	89			01/07/1997

第八十九條

香港特別行政區法院的法官只有在無力履行職責或行為不檢的情況下，行政長官才可根據終審法院首席法官任命的不少於三名當地法官組成的審議庭的建議，予以免職。香港特別行政區終審法院的首席法官只有在無力履行職責或行為不檢的情況下，行政長官才可任命不少於五名當地法官組成的審議庭進行審議，並可根據其建議，依照本法規定的程序，予以免職。

條：	90			01/07/1997

第九十條香港特別行政區終審法院和高等法院的首席法官，應由在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任。除本法第八十八條和第八十九條規定的程序外，香港特別行政區終審法院的法官和高等法院首席法官的任命或免職，還須由行政長官徵得立法會同意，並報全國人民代表大會常務委員會備案。

條：	91			01/07/1997

第九十一條香港特別行政區法官以外的其他司法人員原有的任免制度繼續保持。

條：	92			01/07/1997

第九十二條香港特別行政區的法官和其他司法人員，應根據其本人的司法和專業才能選用，並可從其他普通法適用地區聘用。

條：	93			01/07/1997

第九十三條

香港特別行政區成立前在香港任職的法官和其他司法人員均可留用，其年資予以保留，薪金、津貼、福利待遇和服務條件不低於原來的標準。

對退休或符合規定離職的法官和其他司法人員，包括香港特別行政區成立前已退休或離職者，不論其所屬國籍或居住地點，香港特別行政區政府按不低於原來的標準，向他們或其家屬支付應得的退休金、酬金、津貼和福利費。

條：	94			01/07/1997

第九十四條香港特別行政區政府可參照原在香港實行的辦法，作出有關當地和外來的律師在香港特別行政區工作和執業的規定。

條：	95			01/07/1997

第九十五條香港特別行政區可與全國其他地區的司法機關通過協商依法進行司法方面的聯繫

和相互提供協助。

條：	96			01/07/1997

第九十六條在中央人民政府協助或授權下，香港特別行政區政府可與外國就司法互助關係作出適當安排。

條：	97			01/07/1997

第五節區域組織

第九十七條香港特別行政區可設立非政權性的區域組織，接受香港特別行政區政府就有關地區管理和其他事務的諮詢，或負責提供文化、康樂、環境衞生等服務。

條：	98			01/07/1997

第九十八條區域組織的職權和組成方法由法律規定。

條：	99			01/07/1997

第六節公務人員

第九十九條在香港特別行政區政府各部門任職的公務人員必須是香港特別行政區永久性居民。本法第一百零一條對外籍公務人員另有規定者或法律規定某一職級以下者不在此限。公務人員必須盡忠職守，對香港特別行政區政府負責。

條：	100			01/07/1997

第一百條香港特別行政區成立前在香港政府各部門，包括警察部門任職的公務人員均可留用，其年資予以保留，薪金、津貼、福利特遇和服務條件不低於原來的標準。

條：	101			01/07/1997

第一百零一條

香港特別行政區政府可任用原香港公務人員中的或持有香港特別行政區永久性居民身分證的英籍和其他外籍人士擔任政府部門的各級公務人員，但下列各職級的官員必須由在外國無居留權的香港特別行政區永久性居民中的中國公民擔任：各司司長、副司長，各局局長，廉政專員，審計署署長，警務處處長，入境事務處處長，海關關長。

香港特別行政區政府還可聘請英籍和其他外籍人士擔任政府部門的顧問，必要時並可從香港特別行政區以外聘請合格人員擔任政府部門的專門和技術職務。上述外籍人士只能以個人身分受聘，對香港特別行政區政府負責。

條：	102			01/07/1997

第一百零二條

對退休或符合規定離職的公務人員，包括香港特別行政區成立前退休或符合規定離職的公務人員，不論其所屬國籍或居住地點，香港特別行政區政府按不低於原來的標準向他們或其家屬支付應得的退休金、酬金、津貼和福利費。

條：	103			01/07/1997

第一百零三條

公務人員應根據其本人的資格、經驗和才能予以任用和提升，香港原有關於公務人員的招聘、僱用、考核、紀律、培訓和管理的制度，包括負責公務人員的任用、薪金、服務條件的專門機構，除有關給予外籍人員特權待遇的規定外，予以保留。

條：	104			01/07/1997

第一百零四條

香港特別行政區行政長官、主要官員、行政會議成員、立法會議員、各級法院法官和其他司法人員在就職時必須依法宣誓擁護中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法，效忠中華人民共和國香港特別行政區。

條：	105			01/07/1997

第五章經濟

第一節財政、金融、貿易和工商業

第一百零五條香港特別行政區依法保護私人和法人財產的取得、使用、處置和繼承的權利，以及依法徵用私

人和法人財產時被徵用財產的所有人得到補償的權利。徵用財產的補償應相當於該財產當時的實際價值，可自由兌換，不得無故遲延支付。企業所有權和外來投資均受法律保護。

條：	106			01/07/1997

第一百零六條香港特別行政區保持財政獨立。香港特別行政區的財政收入全部用於自身需要，不上繳中央人民政府。中央人民政府不在香港特別行政區徵稅。

條：	107			01/07/1997

第一百零七條香港特別行政區的財政預算以量入為出為原則，力求收支平衡，避免赤字，並與本地生產總值

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

的增長率相適應。

條：	108			01/07/1997

第一百零八條香港特別行政區實行獨立的稅收制度。香港特別行政區參照原在香港實行的低稅政策，自行立法規定稅種、稅率、稅收寬免和其他稅

務事項。

條：	109			01/07/1997

第一百零九條香港特別行政區政府提供適當的經濟和法律環境，以保持香港的國際金融中心地位。

條：	110			01/07/1997

第一百一十條香港特別行政區的貨幣金融制度由法律規定。香港特別行政區政府自行制定貨幣金融政策，保障金融企業和金融市場的經營自由，並依法進

行管理和監督。

條：	111			01/07/1997

第一百一十一條港元為香港特別行政區法定貨幣，繼續流通。港幣的發行權屬於香港特別行政區政府。港幣的發行須有百分之百的準備金。港幣的發行制度

和準備金制度，由法律規定。香港特別行政區政府，在確知港幣的發行基礎健全和發行安排符合保持港幣穩定的目的的條件下，可授權指定銀行根據法定權限發行或繼續發行港幣。

條：	112			01/07/1997

第一百一十二條香港特別行政區不實行外管制政策。港幣自由兌換。繼續開於外匯、黃金、證券、期貨等市場。香港特別行政區政府保障資金的流動和進出自由。

條：	113			01/07/1997

第一百一十三條香港特別行政區的外匯基金，由香港特別行政區政府管理和支配，主要用於調節港元匯價。

條：	114			01/07/1997

第一百一十四條香港特別行政區保持自由港地位，除法律另有規定外，不徵收關稅。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

條：	115			01/07/1997

第一百一十五條香港特別行政區實行自由貿易政策，保障貨物、無形財產和資本的流動自由。

條：	116			01/07/1997

第一百一十六條

香港特別行政區為單獨的關稅地區。

香港特別行政區可以“中國香港” 的名義參加《關稅和貿易總協定》、關於國際紡織品貿易安排等有關國際組織和國際貿易協定，包括優惠貿易安排。

香港特別行政區所取得的和以前取得仍繼續有效的出口配額、關稅優惠和達成的其他類似安排，全由香港特別行政區享有。

條：	117			01/07/1997

第一百一十七條香港特別行政區根據當時的產地規則，可對產品簽發產地來源證。

條：	118			01/07/1997

第一百一十八條香港特別行政區政府提供經濟和法律環境，鼓勵各項投資、技術進步並開發新興產業。

條：	119			01/07/1997

第一百一十九條香港特別行政區政府制定適當政策，促進和協調製造業、商業、旅遊業、房地產業、運輸業、公用事業、服務性行業、漁農業等各行業的發展，並注意環境保護。

條：	120			01/07/1997

第二節土地契約

第一百二十條香港特別行政區成立以前已批出、決定、或續期的超越一九九七年六月三十日年期的所有土地契約和與土地契約有關的一切權利，均按香港特別行政區的法律繼續予以承認和保護。

條：	121			01/07/1997

第一百二十一條

從一九八五年五月二十七日至一九九七年六月三十日期間批出的，或原沒有續期權利而獲得續期的，超出一九九七年六月三十日年期而不超過二Ｏ四七年六月三十日的一切土地契約，承租人從一九九七年七月一日起不補地價，但需每年繳納相當於當日該土地應課差餉租值百分之三的租金。此後，隨應課差餉租值的改變而調整租金。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

條：	122			01/07/1997

第一百二十二條

原舊批約地段、鄉村屋地、丁屋地和類似的農村土地，如該土地在一九八四年六月三十日的承租人，或在該日以後批出的丁屋地承租人，其父系為一八九八年在香港的原有鄉村居民，只要該土地的承租人仍為該人或其合法父系繼承人，原定租金維持不變。

條：	123			01/07/1997

第一百二十三條香港特別行政區成立以後滿期而沒有續期權利的土地契約，由香港特別行政區自行制定法律和政策處理。

條：	124			01/07/1997

第三節航運

第一百二十四條香港特別行政區保持原在香港實行的航運經營和管理體制，包括有關海員的管理制度。香港特別行政區政府自行規定在航運方面的具體職能和責任。

條：	125			01/07/1997

第一百二十五條香港特別行政區經中央人民政府授權繼續進行船舶登記，並根據香港特別行政區的法律以“中國香港”的名義頒發有關證件。

條：	126			01/07/1997

第一百二十六條除外國軍用船隻進入香港特別行政區須經中央人民政府特別許可外，其他船舶可根據香港特別行政區法律進出其港口。

條：	127			01/07/1997

第一百二十七條香港特別行政區的私營航運及與航運有關的企業和私營集裝箱碼頭，可繼續自由經營。

條：	128			01/07/1997

第四節民用航空

第一百二十八條香港特別行政區政府應提供條件和採取措施，以保持香港的國際和區域航空中心的地位。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

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第一百二十九條香港特別行政區繼續實行原在香港實行的民用航空管理制度，並按中央人民政府關於飛機國籍標誌和登記標誌的規定，設置自己的飛機登記冊。外國國家航空器進入香港特別行政區須經中央人民政府特別許可。

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第一百三十條

香港特別行政區自行負責民用航空的日常業務和技術管理，包括機場管理，在香港特別行政區飛行情報區內提供空中交通服務，和履行國際民用航空組織的區域性航行規劃程序所規定的其他職責。

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第一百三十一條

中央人民政府經同香港特別行政區政府磋商作出安排，為在香港特別行政區註冊並以香港為主要營業地的航空公司和中華人民共和國的其他航空公司，提供香港特別行政區和中華人民共和國其他地區之間的往返航班。

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第一百三十二條

凡涉及中華人民共和國其他地區同其他國家和地區的往返並經停香港特別行政區的航班，和涉及香港特別行政區同其他國家和地區的往返並經停中華人民共和國其他地區航班的民用航空運輸協定，由中央人民政府簽訂。

中央人民政府在簽訂本條第一款所指民用航空運輸協定時，應考慮香港特別行政區的特殊情況和經濟利益，並同香港特別行政區政府磋商。

中央人民政府在同外國政府商談有關本條第一款所指航班的安排時，香港特別行政區政府的代表可作為中華人民共和國政府代表團的成員參加。

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第一百三十三條

香港特別行政區政府經中央人民政府具體授權可：

(一) 續簽或修改原有的民用航空運輸協定和協議；

(二)談判簽訂新的民用航空運輸協定，為在香港特別行政區註冊並以香港為主要營業地的航空公司提供航線，以及過境和技術停降權利；

(三) 同沒有簽訂民用航空運輸協定的外國或地區談判簽訂臨時協議。

不涉及往返、經停中國內地而只往返、經停香港的定期航班，均由本條所指的民用航空運輸協定或臨時協議予以規定。

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第一百三十四條中央人民政府授權香港特別行政區政府： (一)同其他當局商談並簽訂有關執行本法第一百三十三條所指民用航空運輸協定和臨時協議的

各項安排； (二) 對在香港特別行政區註冊並以香港為主要營業地的航空公司簽發執照； (三) 依照本法第一百三十三條所指民用航空運輸協定和臨時協議指定航空公司； (四) 對外國航空公司除往返、經停中國內地的航班以外的其他航班簽發許可證。

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第一百三十五條香港特別行政區成立前在香港註冊並以香港為主要營業地的航空公司和與民用航空有關的行業，可繼續經營。

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第六章教育、科學、文化、體育、宗教、勞工和社會服務

第一百三十六條香港特別行政區政府在原有教育制度的基礎上，自行制定有關教育的發展和改進的政策，包括

教育體制和管理、教學語言、經費分配、考試制度、學位制度和承認學歷等政策。社會團體和私人可依法在香港特別行政區興辦各種教育事業。

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第一百三十七條各類院校均可保留其自主性並享有學術自由，可繼續從香港特別行政區以外招聘教職員和選用教材。宗教組織所辦的學校可繼續提供宗教教育，包括開設宗教課程。學生享有選擇院校和在香港特別行政區以外求學的自由。

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第一百三十八條香港特別行政區政府自行制定發展中西醫藥和促進醫療，衞生服務的政策。社會團體和私人可依法提供各種醫療衞生服務。

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第一百三十九條香港特別行政區政府自行制定科學技術政策，以法律保護科學技術的研究成果、專利和發明創造。香港特別行政區政府自行確定適用於香港的各類科學、技術標準和規格。

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第一百四十條香港特別行政區政府自行制定文化政策，以法律保護作者在文學藝術創作中所獲得的成果和合法權益。

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第一百四十一條香港特別行政區政府不限制宗教信仰自由，不干預宗教組織的內部事務，不限制與香港特別行政區法律沒有抵觸的宗教活動。宗教組織依法享有財產的取得、使用、處置、繼承以及接受資助的權利。財產方面的原有權益仍予保持和保護。宗教組織可按原有辦法繼續興辦宗教院校、其他學校、醫院和福利機構以及提供其他社會服務。香港特別行政區的宗教組織和教徒可與其他地方的宗教組織和教徒保持和發展關係。

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第一百四十二條香港特別行政區政府在保留原有的專業制度的基礎上，自行制定有關評審各種專業的執業資格的辦法。在香港特別行政區成立前已取得專業和執業資格者，可依據有關規定和專業守則保留原有的資格。香港特別行政區政府繼續承認在特別行政區成立前已承認的專業和專業團體，所承認的專業團體可自行審核和頒授專業資格。香港特別行政區政府可根據社會發展需要並諮詢有關方面的意見，承認新的專業和專業團體。

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第一百四十三條香港特別行政區政府自行制定體育政策。民間體育團體可依法繼續存在和發展。

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第一百四十四條

香港特別行政區政府保持原在香港實行的對教育、醫療衞生、文化、藝術、康樂、體育、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體機構的資助政策。原在香港各資助機構任職的人員均可根據原有制度繼續受聘。

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第一百四十五條香港特別行政區政府在原有社會福利制度的基礎上，根據經濟條件和社會需要，自行制定其發

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

展、改進的政策。

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第一百四十六條香港特別行政區從事社會服務的志願團體在不抵觸法律的情況下可自行決定其服務方式。

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第一百四十七條香港特別行政區自行制定有關勞工的法律和政策。

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第一百四十八條

香港特別行政區的教育、科學、技術、文化、藝術、體育、專業、醫療衞生、勞工、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體和宗教組織同內地相應的團體和組織的關係，應以互不隸屬、互不干涉和互相尊重的原則為基礎。

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第一百四十九條

香港特別行政區的教育、科學、技術、文化、藝術、體育、專業、醫療衞生、勞工、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體和宗教組織可同世界各國、各地區及國際的有關團體和組織保持和發展關係，各該團體和組織可根據需要冠用“中國香港”的名義，參與有關活動。

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第七章對外事務

第一百五十條香港特別行政區政府的代表，可作為中華人民共和國政府代表團的成員，參加由中央人民政府進行的同香港特別行政區直接有關的外交談判。

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第一百五十一條香港特別行政區可在經濟、貿易、金融、航運、通訊、旅遊、文化、體育等領域以“中國香港”的名義，單獨地同世界各國、各地區及有關國際組織保持和發展關係，簽訂和履行有關協議。

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第一百五十二條

對以國家為單位參加的、同香港特別行政區有關的、適當領域的國際組織和國際會議，香港特別行政區政府可派遣代表作為中華人民共和國代表團的成員或以中央人民政府和上述有關國際組織或國際會議允許的身分參加，並以“中國香港”的名義發表意見。

文件 A101 -中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法

香港特別行政區可以“中國香港”的名義參加不以國家為單位參加的國際組織和國際會議。對中華人民共和國已參加而香港也以某種形式參加了的國際組織，中央人民政府將採取必要措施使香港特別行政區以適當形式繼續保持在這些組織中的地位。對中華人民共和國尚未參加而香港已以某種形式參加的國際組織，中央人民政府將根據需要使香港特別行政區以適當形式繼續參加這些組織。

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第一百五十三條中華人民共和國締結的國際協議，中央人民政府可根據香港特別行政區的情況和需要，在徵詢香港特別行政區政府的意見後，決定是否適用於香港特別行政區。中華人民共和國尚未參加但已適用於香港的國際協議仍可繼續適用，中央人民政府根據需要授權或協助香港特別行政區政府作出適當安排，使其他有關國際協議適用於香港特別行政區。

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第一百五十四條

中央人民政府授權香港特別行政區政府依照法律給持有香港特別行政區永久性居民身分證的中國公民簽發中華人民共和國香港特別行政區護照，給在香港特別行政區的其他合法居留者簽發中華人民共和國香港特別行政區的其他旅行證件。上述護照和證件，前往各國和各地區有效，並載明持有人有返回香港特別行政區的權利。

對世界各國或各地區的人入境、逗留和離境，香港特別行政區政府可實行出入境管制。

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第一百五十五條中央人民政府協助或授權香港特別行政區政府與各國或各地區締結互免簽證協議。

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第一百五十六條香港特別行政區可根據需要在外國設立官方或半官方的經濟和貿易機構，報中央人民政府備案。

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第一百五十七條外國在香港特別行政區設立領事機構或其他官方、半官方機構，須經中央人民政府批准。已同中華人民共和國建立正式外交關係的國家在香港設立的領事機構和其他官方機構，可予保

留。尚未同中華人民共和國建立正式外交關的國家在香港設立的領事機構和其他官方機構，可根據

情況允許保留或改為半官方機構。尚未為中華人民共和國承認的國家，只能在香港特別行政區設立民間機構。

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第八章本法的解釋和修改

第一百五十八條

本法的解釋權屬於全國人民代表大會常務委員會。

全國人民代表大會常務委員會授權香港特別行政區法院在審理案件時對本法關於香港特別行政區自治範圍內的條款自行解釋。

香港特別行政區法院在審理案件時對本法的其他條款也可解釋。但如香港特別行政區法院在審理案件時需要對本法關於中央人民政府管理的事務或中央和香港特別行政區關係的條款進行解釋，而該條款的解釋又影響到案件的判決，在對該案件作出不可上訴的終局判決前，應由香港特別行政區終審法院請全國人民代表大會常務委員會對有關條款作出解釋。如全國人民代表大會常務委員會作出解釋，香港特別行政區法院在引用該條款時，應以全國人民代表大會常務委員會的解釋為準。但在此以前作出的判決不受影響。

全國人民代表大會常務委員會在對本法進行解釋前，徵詢其所屬的香港特別行政區基本法委員會的意見。

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第一百五十九條

本法的修改權屬於全國人民代表大會。

本法的修改提案權屬於全國人民代表大會常務委員會、國務院和香港特別行政區。香港特別行政區的修改議案，須經香港特別行政區的全國人民代表大會代表三分之二多數、香港特別行政區立法會全體議員三分之二多數和香港特別行政區行政長官同意後，交由香港特別行政區出席全國人民代表大會的代表團向全國人民代表大會提出。

本法的條改議案在列入全國人民代表大會的議程前，先由香港特別行政區基本法委員會研究並提出意見。

本法的任何修改，均不得同中華人民共和國對香港既定的基本方針政策相抵觸。

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第九章附則

第一百六十條

香港特別行政區成立時，香港原有法律除由全國人民代表大會常務委員會宣布為同本法抵觸者外，採用為香港特別行政區法律，如以後發現有的法律與本法抵觸，可依照本法規定的程序修改或停止生效。

在香港原有法律下有效的文件、證件、契約和權利義務，在不抵觸本法的前提下繼續有效，受香港特別行政區的承認和保護。

附件：	1			01/07/1997

附件一

香港特別行政區行政長官的產生辦法

一、行政長官由一個具有廣泛代表性的選舉委員會根據本法選出，由中央人民政府任命。二、選舉委員會委員共800人，由下列各界人士組成:

工商、金融界	200人
專業界	200人
勞工、社會服務、宗教等界	200人
立法會議員、區域性組織代表、香港地區全國人大代表、
香港地區全國政協委員的代表	200人
選舉委員會每屆任期五年。

三、各個界別的劃分，以及每個界別中何種組織可以產生選舉委員的名額，由香港特別行政區

根據民主、開放的原則制定選舉法加以規定。各界別法定團體根據選舉法規定的分配名額和選舉辦法自行選出選舉委員會委員。選舉委員以個人身分投票。

四、不少於一百名的選舉委員可聯合提名行政長官候選人。每名委員只可提出一名候選人。

五、選舉委員會根據提名的名單，經一人一票無記名投票選出行政長官候任人。具體選舉辦法由選舉法規定。

六、第一任行政長官按照《全國人民代表大會關於香港特別行政區第一屆政府和立法會產生辦法的決定》產生。

*: 參閱《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於 <中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法>附件一第七條和附件二第三條的解釋》(2004年4月6日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第八次會議通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A107)。

附件：	2			01/07/1997

附件二香港特別行政區立法會的產生辦法和表決程序一、立法會的產生辦法

(一)香港特別行政區立法會議員每屆60人，第一屆立法會按照《全國人民代表大會關於香港特別行政區第一屆政府和立法會產生辦法的決定》產生。第二屆、第三屆立法會的組成如下:

第二屆第三屆

功能團體選舉的議員	30人
選舉委員會選舉的議員	6人
分區直接選舉的議員	24人

功能團體選舉的議員 30人

分區直接選舉的議員 30人

(二)除第一屆立法會外，上述選舉委員會即本法附件一規定的選舉委員會。上述分區直接選舉的選區劃分、投票辦法，各個功能界別和法定團體的劃分、議員名額的分配、選舉辦法及選舉委員會選舉議員的辦法，由香港特別行政區政府提出並經立法會通過的選舉法加以規定。

二、立法會對法案、議案的表決程序

除本法另有規定外，香港特別行政區立法會對法案和議案的表決採取下列程序: 政府提出的法案，如獲得出席會議的全體議員的過半數票，即為通過。立法會議員個人提出的議案、法案和對政府法案的修正案均須分別經功能團體選舉產生的議員

和分區直接選舉、選舉委員會選舉產生的議員兩部分出席會議議員各過半數通過。

*三、二○○七年以後立法會的產生辦法和表決程序

二○○七年以後香港特別行政區立法會的產生辦法和法案、議案的表決程序，如需對本附件的規定進行修改,須經立法會全體議員三分之二多數通過，行政長官同意，並報全國人民代表大會常務委員會備案。

註:

* 參閱《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於 <中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法>附件一第七條和附件二第三條的解釋》(2004年4月6日第十屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第八次會議通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A107)。

附件：	3			01/07/1997

附件三在香港特別行政區實施的全國性法律* 下列全國性法律，自一九九七年七月一日起由香港特別行政區在當地公布或立法實施。一、《關於中華人民共和國國都、紀年、國歌、國旗的決議》二、《關於中華人民共和國國慶日的決議》三、《中央人民政府公布中華人民共和國國徽的命令》

附：國徽圖案、說明、使用辦法四、《中華人民共和國政府關於領海的聲明》

五、《中華人民共和國國籍法》

六、《中華人民共和國外交特權與豁免條例》

註：

* 關於對列於附件三的法律作出的增減，請參閱─

a. 《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉附件三所列全國性法律增減的決定》(1997年7月1日第八屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十六次會議通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A102)；

b. 《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於增加〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉附件三所列全國性法律的決定》(1998年11月4日通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A103)；及

c. 《全國人民代表大會常務委員會關於增加〈中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法〉附件三所列全國性法律的決定》(2005年10月27日通過)(見載於本資料庫文件A109)。

القانون الأساسي لمنطقة هونغ كونغ الإدارية الخاصة لجمهورية الصين الشعبية، إقليم هونغ كونغ، الصين

المواد المتاحة

Note:

Article 1

Article 2

Article 3

Article 4

Article 5

Article 6

Article 7

Article 8

Article 9

Article 10

Article 11

Chapter II Relationship between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Article 13

Article 14

Article 15

Article 16

Article 18

Note:

Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents

Note:

Article 31

Article 45

Article 50

Article 53

Note:

Article 68

Article 101

Article 133

Chapter VI Education, Science, Culture, Sports, Religion,
Labour and Social Services

Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law

Annex I

Note:

Annex II

Note:

Annex III

Note: