مجموعة معاهدات الملكية الفكرية

Objection to the reservation made by Brunei Darussalam upon ratification: (13 April 2017)
"The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has carefully examined the reservation made by Brunei Darussalam upon ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands notes that Brunei expressed 'its reservation regarding those provisions of the Convention that may be contrary to the Constitution of Brunei Darussalam and to the beliefs and principles of Islam, the official religion of Brunei Darussalam'.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that such a reservation, which seeks to limit the responsibilities of the reserving State under the Convention by invoking provisions of its domestic law and/or religious beliefs and principles, is likely to deprive the provisions of the Convention of their effect and therefore must be regarded as incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands recalls that according to customary international law, as codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, reservations incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty shall not be permitted.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to the reservation of Brunei Darussalam to the Convention.
This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Brunei Darussalam."

Objection with regard to the reservations made by Malaysia upon ratification: (14 June 2016)
"The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has carefully examined the reservation and declaration made by the Government of Malaysia upon ratification of the Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that the provisions of Articles 15 and 18 are core provisions of the Convention and that the exclusion of their application is incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that the declaration made by Malaysia in substance constitutes a reservation limiting the scope of the Convention.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands notes that this reservation, according to which "...its application and interpretation of the Federal Constitution of Malaysia pertaining to the principles of non-discrimination and equality of opportunity shall not be treated as contravening articles 3 b), 3(e) and 5(2) of the said Convention", implies that the application of these provisions of the Convention is made subject to national legislation in force in Malaysia.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that such a reservation must be regarded as incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and would recall that, in accordance with Article 46 of the Convention, reservations incompatible with its object and purpose shall not be permitted.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to the reservations made by Malaysia to the Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.
This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Malaysia.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands recalls that according to Article [46], paragraph [1] of the Convention, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention shall not be permitted. The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to these reservations."

Objection with regard to the reservation made by the Islamic Republic of Iran upon accession: (14 June 2016)
"The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has carefully examined the declaration made by the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran upon accession to the Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that the declaration made by the Islamic Republic of Iran in substance constitutes a reservation limiting the scope of the Convention.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands notes that the reservation, according to which "... with regard to Article 46, the Islamic Republic of Iran declares that it does not consider itself bound by any provisions of the Convention, which may be incompatible with its applicable rules", implies that the application of the Convention is made subject to a general reservation referring to national legislation in force in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers that such a reservation must be regarded as incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and would recall that, in accordance with Article 46 of the Convention, reservations incompatible with its object and purpose shall not be permitted.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to the reservation made by the Islamic Republic of Iran to the Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities.
This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Islamic Republic of Iran.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands recalls that according to article [46], paragraph [2] of the Convention, a reservation incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention shall not be permitted. The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to these reservations."

Declarations made upon ratification:
"Article 10
The Kingdom of the Netherlands acknowledges that unborn human life is worthy of protection. The Kingdom of the Netherlands interprets the scope of Article 10, in line with the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights on this issue, to the effect that such protection - and thereby the term "human being" - is a matter of national legislation.
Article 12
The Kingdom of the Netherlands recognizes that persons with disabilities enjoy legal capacity on an equal basis with others in all aspects of life. Furthermore, the Kingdom of the Netherlands declares its understanding that the Convention allows for supported and substitute decision-making arrangements in appropriate circumstances and in accordance with the law. The Kingdom of the Netherlands interprets Article 12 as restricting substitute decision-making arrangements to cases where such measures are necessary, as a last resort and subject to safeguards.
Article 14
The Kingdom of the Netherlands recognizes that all persons with disabilities enjoy the right to liberty and security of person, and a right to respect for physical and mental integrity on an equal basis with others. Furthermore, the Kingdom of the Netherlands declares its understanding that the Convention allows for compulsory care or treatment of persons, including measures to treat mental illnesses, when circumstances render treatment of this kind necessary as a last resort, and the treatment is subject to legal safeguards.
Article 15
The Kingdom of the Netherlands declares that it will interpret the term "consent" in article 15 in conformity with international instruments and national legislation which is in line with these instruments. This means that, as far as biomedical research is concerned, the term "consent" applies to two different situations:
1. Consent given by a person who is able to consent, and
2. In the case of persons who are not able to give their consent, permission given by their representative or an authority or body provided for by law.
The Kingdom of the Netherlands considers it important that persons who are unable to give their free and informed consent receive specific protection taking into consideration the importance of the development of medical science for the benefit of persons with a disability. In addition to the permission referred to under 2. above, other protective measures as included in international instruments are considered to be part of this protection.

Declarations made upon ratification (continued):
Article 23
With regard to Article 23 paragraph 1(b), the Kingdom of the Netherlands declares that the best interests of the child shall be paramount.
Article 25
The Kingdom of the Netherlands interprets article 25(a) to concern access to health care and the affordability of health care, and confirms that discrimination in such matters is not allowed. The Kingdom of the Netherlands considers it also important that health care professionals may determine which health care is provided based on medical grounds and its expected (in)effectiveness.
The individual autonomy of the person is an important principle laid down in Article 3(a) of the Convention. The Kingdom of the Netherlands understands Article 25(f) in the light of this autonomy. This provision is interpreted to mean that good care involves respecting a person's wishes with regard to medical treatment, food and fluids, and that a decision to withhold any of these can also be based on medical grounds.
Article 29
The Kingdom of the Netherlands is fully committed to ensure the effective and full exercise by persons with disabilities of their right and opportunity to vote by secret ballot. It recognizes the importance of persons with disabilities to have, where necessary, at their request, assistance in voting. To safeguard voting by secret ballot without intimidation, as provided for in article 29(a)(ii), and to ensure the principle of one vote per person, the Kingdom of the Netherlands declares that it will interpret the term "assistance" in article 29(a)(iii) as assistance only to be effected outside the voting booth, except with regard to assistance required due to a physical disability, in which case assistance may also be permitted inside the voting booth."

اعتراض فيما يتعلق بالتحفظ الذي أبدته السلفادور عند التوقيع وأكدته عند التصديق: (22 يناير 2009)
"إن حكومة مملكة هولندا درست بعناية التحفظ الذي أبدته حكومة جمهورية السلفادور عند التوقيع وأكدته عند التصديق على اتفاقية حقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، المبرمة في نيويورك في 13 ديسمبر 2006.
وترى حكومة مملكة هولندا أن هذا التحفظ يجعل الاتفاقية تخضع للقوانين الدستورية المعمول بها في جمهورية السلفادور. وهذا يجعل من غير الواضح إلى أي مدى تعتبر جمهورية السلفادور نفسها ملزمة بالتزامات الاتفاقية.
وترى حكومة مملكة هولندا أن مثل هذا التحفظ يجب أن يعتبر غير متوافق مع الهدف والغرض من الصك وتذكّر بأنه وفقا للمادة 46 الفقرة 1 من الاتفاقية ، فإن التحفظ غير المتوافق مع الموضوع والغرض من هذه الاتفاقية غير جائز.
ولذا تعترض حكومة مملكة هولندا على التحفظ الذي أبدته حكومة جمهورية السلفادور على اتفاقية حقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة.
وتفهم حكومة مملكة هولندا أن التحفظ الذي أبدته حكومة جمهورية السلفادور لا يستبعد أو يعدل الأثر القانوني لأحكام الاتفاقية عند تطبيقها في جمهورية السلفادور.
وهذا الاعتراض لا يشكل عقبة أمام بدء نفاذ الاتفاقية بين مملكة هولندا وجمهورية السلفادور."
ترجمة مرخصة من إعداد الويبو، © 2013

الإعلانات الصادرة عند التوقيع:
"إن مملكة هولندا تعرب بموجبه عن نيتها في التصديق على اتفاقية حقوق الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة، رهن الإعلانات التالية والمزيد من مثل هذه الإعلانات والتحفظات التي قد تراها ضرورية عند التصديق على الاتفاقية.
المادة 10
تعترف مملكة هولندا بأن حياة الإنسان الذي لم يولد بعد جديرة بالحماية. وتفسر المملكة نطاق المادة 10 بأن مثل هذه الحماية - وبالتالي مصطلح "إنسان" - هي مسألة للتشريعات الوطنية.
المادة 15
تعلن هولندا أنها سوف تفسر مصطلح "موافقة" في المادة 15 بما يتمشى مع الصكوك الدولية، مثل اتفاقية مجلس أوروبا بشأن حقوق الإنسان والطب الحيوي والبروتوكول الإضافي بشأن البحوث الطبية الحيوية، ومع التشريعات الوطنية التي تتماشى مع هذه الصكوك. وهذا يعني بخصوص البحوث الطبية الحيوية، ينطبق مصطلح 'موافقة' على حالتين مختلفتين:
1. الموافقة الممنوحة من قبل شخص قادر على الموافقة،
2. وفي حالة الأشخاص الذين ليسوا قادرين على إعطاء الموافقة، فالإذن الذي يعطيه ممثلهم أو السلطة أو الهيئة المنصوص عليها في القانون.
وترى هولندا أن من المهم أن يحظى الأشخاص غير القادرين على إعطاء موافقتهم الحرة والمستنيرة بحماية محددة. وبالإضافة إلى الإذن المشار إليه تحت 2. أعلاه، تعتبر أي تدابير وقائية أخرى على النحو الوارد في الصكوك الدولية المذكورة أعلاه جزءا من هذه الحماية.
المادة 23
فيما يتعلق بالمادة 23 الفقرة 1(ب)، تعلن هولندا أن خير مصالح الطفل هي الراجحة.
المادة 25
إن الاستقلالية الفردية للشخص مبدأ هام تنص عليه في المادة 3(أ) من الاتفاقية. وتفهم هولندا المادة 25(و) في ضوء تلك الاستقلالية. وتفسر هذا الحكم على أنه يعني أن الرعاية الجيدة تنطوي على احترام رغبات الشخص فيما يتعلق العلاج بالطبي والغذاء والسوائل."
ترجمة مرخصة من إعداد الويبو، © 2013