Ley de protección de los consumidores de 2007 (Ley N° 9 de 2007), Irlanda

Consumer Protection Act 2007

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Number 19 of 2007

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CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 2007

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ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
PART 1
Preliminary Matters
Section
1. Short title and commencement.
2. Interpretation and application.
3. Regulations.
4. Repeals.
5. Expenses.
PART 2
National Consumer Agency
Chapter 1

The Agency

6. Establishment day.
7. Establishment of Agency.
8. Functions of Agency.
9. Review of legislation.
10. Membership of Agency.
11. Chairperson of Agency.
12. Meetings and procedures of Agency.
13. Committees.
14. Chief executive.
15. Functions of chief executive.
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[No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

16. Attendance of chief executive before Committee of Public
Accounts.
17. Attendance of chief executive before other Oireachtas
Committees.
18. Membership of either House of the Oireachtas, European
Parliament or local authority.
19. Indemnity for members of Agency.
20. Strategy statement and work programme of Agency.
21. Provision for co-operation between Agency and certain pre­
scribed bodies.
22. Reports and information to Minister.
23. Accounts and audits.
24. Advances by Minister to Agency.
25. Disclosure of interests.
26. Power to enter into contracts and to engage consultants and advisers.
27. Premises of Agency.
28. Seal of Agency.
29. Power to borrow.
30. Authorised officers of Agency.
31. Disclosure of information relating to offences.
32. Prohibition on unauthorised disclosure of information.
33. Amendment of Freedom of Information Act 1997.
Chapter 2

Staff of Agency

34. Staffing.
35. Transfer of employment of certain persons to Agency.
36. Superannuation.
Chapter 3

Transfer of Functions, etc.

37. Transfer of functions to Agency.
38. Preservation of existing contracts.
39. Transfer of assets and liabilities.
40. References in certain other enactments to Director or Office of Director.
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.]

PART 3
Commercial Practices
Chapter 1

Unfair Commercial Practices

41. General prohibition on unfair commercial practices.
Chapter 2

Misleading Commercial Practices

42. General prohibition on misleading commercial practices.
43. Misleading: false, misleading or deceptive information.
44. Misleading: competitor or product confusion in marketing or advertising.
45. Misleading: non-compliance with commitment under code of practice by which trader is bound.
46. Misleading: withholding, omitting or concealing material information.
47. Offence: misleading commercial practices.
48. Prohibition on surcharges where one method of payment chosen in preference to another.
49. Requirement that surcharge (where otherwise permissible)
be stated as part of price.
50. Consumer information regulations.
51. Offences: contravening consumer information regulations.
Chapter 3

Aggressive Commercial Practices

52. General prohibition on aggressive commercial practices.
53. Aggressive commercial practices.
54. Offence: aggressive commercial practices.
Chapter 4

Prohibited Commercial Practices

55. Prohibited commercial practices.
56. Offence: prohibited commercial practices.
57. Price display regulations.
58. Offence: price display contraventions.
59. Offence: weighing facilities in grocery retail.
60. Offence: preventing the reading of prices.
61. State of emergency affecting supply of a product.
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[No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

62. Power to fix maximum prices during state of emergency.
63. Offence: contravening maximum price orders.
PART 4
Pyramid Promotional Schemes
64. Definition (Part 4).
65. Indictable offence: participating in, establishing, operating or promoting pyramid promotional schemes.
66. Pyramid promotional scheme agreements void.
PART 5
Proceedings, Remedies and Penalties
Chapter 1

Interpretation and General Matters related to Proceedings

67. Definition (Part 5).
68. Presumption respecting representations.
69. Advertisers.
70. Offence of trader due to act or default of another person.
Chapter 2

Civil Proceedings

71. Civil relief by way of prohibition orders.
72. Prohibition orders against code owners.
73. Undertakings with the Agency.
74. Consumer’s right of action for damages.
Chapter 3

Compliance Notices

75. Compliance notices.
Chapter 4

Criminal Proceedings

76. Time limit for instituting proceedings.
77. Liability for offences by bodies corporate.
78. Defence of due diligence.
79. Fines and penalties.
80. Convicted persons liable for costs and expenses of pro­
ceedings and investigation.
81. Convicted traders liable to compensate consumers for loss or damage.
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.]

82. Court may order convicted person to publish corrective statement.
83. Summary trial of persons indicted.
84. Agency may institute summary proceedings for offences.
Chapter 5

Fixed Payment Notices

85. Fixed payment notices for price display and product pricing offences.
Chapter 6

Publication of Trader Names (Consumer Protection List)

86. Agency may publish information respecting certain persons.
PART 6
Miscellaneous
87. Protections for persons reporting breaches.
88. Voluntary submission of codes for Agency review and approval.
89. Admissibility of codes of practice in proceedings.
90. Agency guidelines.
91. Saving for certain contracts.
92. Saving of current price display orders.
93. Transitional.
94. Amendment of Central Bank Act 1942.
95. Amendment of Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act
1980.
96. Saving for other rights person may have.
97. Amendment of Industrial Development Act 1993.
98. Amendment of Casual Trading Act 1995.
99. Amendment of Hallmarking Act 1981.
100. Power of officer of customs and excise to detain unsafe goods.
101. Directions under certain instruments respecting product safety: actions of third parties.
102. Admissibility of certain laboratory tests.
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[No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

SCHEDULE 1
Existing Enactments
PART 1
Enactments — Acts of the Oireachtas
PART 2
Enactments made under the European Communities Act 1972
which are existing Enactments
SCHEDULE 2
Repeals
SCHEDULE 3
References in Certain Acts and Instruments to Director or
Office of Director
PART 1
References in Certain Acts to Director of Consumer Affairs or Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs
PART 2
References in Certain Instruments to Director of Consumer
Affairs or Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs
SCHEDULE 4
Enactments for the purpose of section 73 (Undertakings with the Agency)
SCHEDULE 5
Enactments for the purpose of section 75 (Compliance notices)
SCHEDULE 6
Redress for contravention of section 87
SCHEDULE 7
Statutory Instruments for the purposes of sections 101 and 102 (Directions respecting product safety and admissibility of laboratory tests)
SCHEDULE 8
Directives for the purpose of section 102 (Admissibility of laboratory tests)
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.]

Acts Referred to

Agricultural Produce (Fresh Meat) Act 1930

Agricultural Produce (Potatoes) Act 1931

Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty Act 1914

Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty Act 1916

Carer’s Leave Act 2001

Casual Trading Act 1995

Central Bank Act 1942

Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland

Act 2003

Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland

Act 2004

Companies Act 1990

Competition Act 2002

Comptroller and Auditor General (Amendment) Act 1993

Consumer Credit Act 1995

Consumer Information Act 1978

Criminal Procedure Act 1967

Electronic Commerce Act 2000

European Communities (Amendment) Act 1993

European Communities Act 1972

European Parliament Elections Act 1997

Food Safety Authority of Ireland Act 1998

Freedom of Information Act 1997

Hallmarking Act 1981

Industrial Development Act 1986

Industrial Development Act 1993

Interpretation Act 2005

Investment Funds, Companies and Miscellaneous Pro­

visions Act 2006

Liability for Defective Products Act 1991

Local Government Act 2001

Merchandise Marks Act 1887

Merchandise Marks Act 1891

Merchandise Marks Act 1911

Merchandise Marks Act 1931

Merchandise Marks Act 1970

Merchandise Marks Acts 1887 to 1978

Minimum Notice and Terms of Employment Acts 1973 to 2005

National Archives Act 1986

National Standards Authority of Ireland Act 1996

Occasional Trading Act 1979

Official Languages Act 2003

Ombudsman Act 1980

Ombudsman for Children Act 2002

Organisation of Working Time Act 1997

Packaged Goods (Quantity Control) Act 1980

Package Holidays and Travel Trade Act 1995

Parental Leave Acts 1998 and 2006

Pawnbrokers Act 1964

1930, No. 10

1931, No. 26

5 & 6 Geo. 5., c. 1

6 & 7 Geo. 5., c. 39

2001, No. 19

1995, No. 19

1942, No. 22

2003, No. 12

2004, No. 21

1990, No. 33

2002, No. 14

1993, No. 8

1995, No. 24

1978, No. 1

1967, No. 12

2000, No. 27

1993, No. 25

1972, No. 27

1997, No. 2

1998, No. 29

1997, No. 13

1981, No. 18

1986, No. 9

1993, No. 19

2005, No. 23

2006, No. 41

1991, No. 28

2001, No. 37

50 & 51 Vic., c. 28

54 & 55 Vic., c. 15

1 & 2 Geo. 5., c. 31

1931, No. 48

1970, No. 10

1986, No. 11

1996, No. 28

1979, No. 35

2003, No. 32

1980, No. 26

2002, No. 22

1997, No. 20

1980, No. 11

1995, No. 17

1964, No. 31

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[No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007.	[2007.]
Personal Injuries Assessment Board Act 2003	2003, No. 46
Portuguese Treaty Act 1930	1930, No. 35
Prices (Amendment) Act 1972	1972, No. 20
Prices Act 1958	1958, No. 4
Prompt Payment of Accounts Act 1997	1997, No. 31
Protection of Employees (Fixed-Term Work) Act 2003	2003, No. 29
Protection of Employees (Part-Time Work) Act 2001	2001, No. 45
Pyramid Selling Act 1980	1980, No. 27
Redundancy Payments Acts 1967 to 2003
Restrictive Practices (Amendment) Act 1987	1987, No. 31
Road Traffic Act 1968	1968, No. 25
Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980	1980, No. 16
Seed Production Act 1955	1955, No. 14
Spanish Trade Agreement Act 1936	1936, No. 6
Taxes Consolidation Act 1997	1997, No. 39
Terms of Employment (Information) Act 1994	1994, No. 5
Terms of Employment (Information) Acts 1994 and 2001
Trading Stamps Act 1980	1980, No. 23
Unfair Dismissals Act 1977	1977, No. 10
Unfair Dismissals Acts 1977 to 2005
Veterinary Practice Act 2005	2005, No. 22

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Number 19 of 2007

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CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT 2007

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AN ACT TO GIVE EFFECT TO THE UNFAIR COMMERCIAL PRACTICES DIRECTIVE (DIRECTIVE NO. 2005/29/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL OF 11 MAY 2005), TO ESTABLISH A BODY TO BE KNOWN AS AN GHNI´OMHAIREACHT NA´ ISIU´ NTA
TOMHALTO´ IRI´
OR, IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE,
THE NATIONAL CONSUMER AGENCY AND TO DEFINE ITS FUNCTIONS, TO MAKE NEW PROVISION IN RELATION TO PYRAMID SELLING SCHEMES, TO AMEND THE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ACT 1993
AND TO PROVIDE FOR RELATED MATTERS.
[21st April, 2007] BE IT ENACTED BY THE OIREACHTAS AS FOLLOWS:
PART 1
Preliminary Matters

1.—(1) This Act may be cited as the Consumer Protection Act

2007.
(2) This Act shall come into operation on such day or days as the Minister may appoint by order or orders either generally or with reference to any particular purpose or provision and different days may be so appointed for different purposes or different provisions, including the application of section 4 to different enactments speci­ fied in Schedule 2 and to different provisions of those enactments.

2.—(1) In this Act—

“advertisement” includes any form of advertising or marketing; “Agency” means the National Consumer Agency established by

section 7;

“authorised officer” means a person appointed under section 30; “chief executive” means the chief executive officer of the Agency;

Short title and commencement.

Interpretation and application.

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Pt.1 S.2 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

“code of practice” means any code, agreement or set of rules or standards that is not imposed by or under an enactment but purports to govern or define commercial practices of one or more traders (whether generally or in respect of a particular trade, business or professional sector or one or more commercial practices) who agree, commit or undertake to abide or be bound by such rules or standards;
“commercial practice” means any conduct (whether an act or omission), course of conduct or representation by the trader in relation to a consumer transaction, including any such conduct or representation made or engaged in before, during or after the con­ sumer transaction;
“consumer” means a natural person (whether in the State or not) who is acting for purposes unrelated to the person’s trade, business or profession;
“consumer transaction” means a promotion or supply of a product to a consumer;
“contravene”, in relation to a provision, includes fail to comply with the provision;
“Directive” means Directive No. 2005/29/EC of the European Parlia­ ment and of the Council of 11 May 20051 concerning unfair business­ to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market and amend­ ing Council Directive 84/450/EEC, Directives 97/7/EC, 98/27/EC and
2002/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Regulation (EC) No. 2006/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council;
“Director” means the Director of Consumer Affairs;
“enactment” means an Act (within the meaning of the Interpretation Act 2005) or any instrument made under a power conferred by an Act (within that meaning);
“establishment day” means the establishment day appointed under

section 6;

“existing enactments” means the following enactments, to the extent to which those enactments confer functions on the Director which are transferred to the Agency pursuant to section 37:
(a) food legislation, within the meaning of the Food Safety
Authority of Ireland Act 1998;
(b) the enactments specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 and any instruments made under those enactments for the time being in force; and
(c) the regulations made under the European Communities Act 1972 for the time being in force specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1;
“financial year” means a period of 12 months ending on 31
December in any year and, in the case of the first financial year of the Agency, means the period commencing on the establishment day and ending on 31 December in the year in which the establishment day falls;

1O.J. No. L.149, 11/06/2005, p. 22.

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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.1 S.2

“goods” means real or personal property of any nature or descrip­
tion, and includes—
(a) ships, aircraft or other vehicles, (b) animals,
(c) minerals, trees or crops, whether on, under or attached to land or not,
(d) gas, electricity or water, (e) computer software,
(f) tickets or like evidence of a right to be in attendance at a particular place at a particular time or times or a right of transportation,
(g) any voucher, coupon or other document or thing intended to be used as a substitute for money in the payment, in whole or in part, for a product or otherwise exchanged for a product, and
(h) any description of interest (present or future, vested or contingent) or obligation arising out of or incidental to goods;
“goods or services” means goods or services or both;
“invitation to purchase” means a representation by the trader in a consumer transaction that—
(a) indicates characteristics of the product and includes its price, and
(b) enables the consumer to purchase the product;
“Minister” means the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and
Employment;
“prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Minister; “product” means goods or services;
“public body” means—
(a) a board, authority or other body, other than a company under the Companies Acts, established by or under statute;
(b) a company under the Companies Acts in which all the shares are held—
(i) by or on behalf of a Minister of the Government, or
(ii) by directors appointed by a Minister of the
Government;
(c) a company under the Companies Acts in which all the shares are held by a board, authority or body referred to in paragraph (a) or by a company referred to in para­ graph (b);
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Pt.1 S.2 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

“purchase” means to buy, obtain or acquire by any method and includes accept, receive, be vested with, lease, take possession, con­ trol or occupation of, and agree to do any of those things (but does not include expropriate);
“relevant State” means a state that is a contracting State to the EEA Agreement within the meaning of the European Communities (Amendment) Act 1993;
“relevant statutory provisions” means— (a) existing enactments,
(b) the Merchandise Marks Act 1970 and any instruments made under that Act for the time being in force,
(c) certain provisions of the Prices Act 1958 referred to in section 92 and the enactments specified in subsection (1)(a) to (e) of that section to the extent to which they remain in force for the purposes of this Act,
(d) the enactments specified in subsection (1)(a) to (c) of

section 93, and

(e) this Act and any instrument made under this Act for the time being in force;
“representation” includes—
(a) any oral, written, visual, descriptive or other represen­ tation by a trader, including any commercial communi­ cation, marketing or advertising, and
(b) any term or form of a contract, notice or other document used or relied on by a trader in connection with a con­ sumer transaction;
“services” means any service or facility provided for gain or reward or otherwise than free of charge, including, without limitation—
(a) services or facilities for—
(i) banking, insurance, grants, loans, credit or financing, (ii) amusement, cultural activities, entertainment, instruc­
tion, recreation or refreshment,
(iii) accommodation, transport, travel, parking or stor­
age, or
(iv) the care of persons, animals or things,
(b) membership in a club or organisation or any service or facility provided by the club or organisation, and
(c) any rights, benefits, privileges, obligations or facilities that are, or are to be provided, granted or conferred in the course of services,
but does not include services provided under a contract of employment;
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.1 S.2

“supply”, in relation to the supply of goods or services to a con­
sumer, includes—
(a) sell, lease, take by way of mortgage or other security, assign, award by chance or otherwise effect a disposition of,
(b) offer or agree to supply or expose or display for supply; “trader” means—
(a) a person who is acting for purposes related to the person’s trade, business or profession, and
(b) a person acting on behalf of a person referred to in para­

graph (a);

“transactional decision” means, in relation to a consumer trans­ action, any decision by the consumer concerning whether, how or on what terms to do, or refrain from doing, any of the following:
(a) purchase the product;
(b) make payment in whole or in part for the product; (c) retain or return the product after its purchase;
(d) dispose of the product;
(e) exercise a contractual right in relation to the product; “voluntary body” means—
(a) a body corporate, or
(b) an unincorporated body of persons, other than a public body.
(2) In this Act, “the average consumer” has the meaning assigned to it in the Directive, and when applied in relation to a particular commercial practice or product of a trader—
(a) if the commercial practice or product is directed at a part­ icular group of consumers, the expression shall be read as “the average member of that group”, and
(b) if the commercial practice or the product is a practice or product that would be likely to materially distort the economic behaviour only of a clearly identifiable group of consumers whom the trader could reasonably be expected to foresee as being particularly vulnerable because of their mental or physical infirmity, age or cred­ ulity, the expression shall be read as “the average member of that vulnerable group”.
(3) A word or expression that is used in this Act and is also used in the Directive shall have in this Act the same meaning as it has in the Directive.
(4) A court shall construe this Act in a manner that gives effect to the Directive, and for this purpose the court shall have regard to the provisions of the Directive, including its preambles.
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Pt.1 S.2 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(5) Notwithstanding Article 3(10) of the Directive but subject to sections 5 to 6A (inserted by section 99) of the Hallmarking Act
1981, Part 3 applies to commercial practices relating to indications of the standard of fineness of articles of precious metal.

Regulations.

Repeals.

Expenses.

Establishment day.

3.—(1) The Minister may make regulations in relation to any matter referred to in this Act as prescribed or to be prescribed.

(2) Every regulation or order (other than an order under section

1 or 6) made under this Act shall be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made and, if a resolution annulling the regulation or order is passed by either such House within the next 21 days on which that House has sat after the regu­ lation or order is laid before it, the regulation or order shall be annulled accordingly, but without prejudice to the validity of any­ thing previously done under it.

(3) The power to make regulations under this section includes the power to make provision in such regulations to give effect to—
(a) a provision of the treaties of the European Communities, or
(b) an act adopted by an institution of those Communities which regulates any of the matters to which this Act applies.
4.—(1) Each enactment specified in Schedule 2 is repealed to the extent specified in column (3) of that Schedule.
(2) Section 20(5)(b) of the National Standards Authority of Ireland Act 1996 is amended by deleting “the Merchandise Marks Acts 1887 to 1978, and”.
(3) The following are revoked:
(a) the Prices (Stabilisation of Profit Margins of Retailers of
Motor Cars) Order 1984 (S.I. No. 223 of 1984);
(b) the Consumer Information (Diesel and Petrol) (Reduction in Retail Price) Order 1997 (S.I. No. 179 of 1997).

5.—The expenses incurred by the Minister in the administration of this Act shall, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Finance, be paid out of monies provided by the Oireachtas.

PART 2
National Consumer Agency
Chapter 1

The Agency

6.—The Minister shall by order appoint a day to be the establish­

ment day for the purposes of this Act.
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2

7.—(1) On the establishment day there shall stand established a	Establishment of
body to be known as an Ghnı´omhaireacht Na´ isiu´ nta Tomhalto´ irı´ or,	Agency.
in the English language, the National Consumer Agency and in this
Act referred to as the Agency, to perform the functions conferred
on it by this Act.
(2) The Agency shall be a body corporate with perpetual suc­
cession and an official seal and shall have power—
(a) to sue, and may be sued, in its corporate name,
(b) to acquire, hold and dispose of land or an interest in land,
with the approval of the Minister given with the consent
of the Minister for Finance, and
(c) to acquire, hold and dispose of any other property, with
the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the
Minister for Finance.
(3) Subject to this Act, the Agency shall be independent in the
performance of its functions.
8.—(1) The functions of the Agency are—	Functions of
Agency.
(a) to promote and protect the interests and welfare of
consumers,
(b) to enforce the relevant statutory provisions, including by
the prosecution of offences, by way of summary pro­
ceedings,
(c) to encourage compliance with the relevant statutory
provisions,
(d) to investigate instances of suspected offences under any of
the relevant statutory provisions,
(e) at its discretion, to refer cases to the Director of Public
Prosecutions where the Agency has reasonable grounds
for believing that an indictable offence under any of the
relevant statutory provisions has been committed.
(2) This section and the other provisions of this Part are without
prejudice to section 94 (respecting the concurrent vesting in the Cen­
tral Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland of certain func­
tions under this Act).
(3) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), in per­
forming its functions under this Act, the Agency—
(a) may, and shall when requested by the Minister, advise and,
as appropriate, make recommendations to the Govern­
ment, the Minister, any other Minister of the Govern­
ment or any Minister of State, in relation to any proposals
for legislative change, or any other policy matters, con­
cerning, or which would be likely to impact on, consumer
protection and welfare,
(b) may, and shall when requested by the Minister, and after
consultation with such persons as it considers appropriate
having regard to the proposals to be submitted, submit to
the Minister, any other Minister of the Government or

15

Pt.2 S.8 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

any Minister of State any proposals it considers appro­ priate for amendment of any enactment, or for new enactments, concerning consumer protection and welfare,
(c) shall advise and, as appropriate, make recommendations to the Government, the Minister, any other Minister of the Government, any Minister of State, any public body or any prescribed body within the meaning of section 21 in relation to any matter concerning, or which the Agency considers would be likely to impact on, consumer protec­ tion and welfare,
(d) shall foster and promote contacts, co-operation and the exchange of information with and shall consult with con­ sumer groups and representatives,
(e) shall co-operate with other competent authorities whether in the State or elsewhere charged with responsibility for the enforcement of laws relating to consumer protection and welfare or the promotion of consumer protection and welfare,
(f) shall promote the development of alternative dispute res­ olution procedures as a means of resolving disputes aris­ ing out of consumer transactions,
(g) shall conduct or commission research, studies and analysis on matters relating to the functions of the Agency and, as it considers appropriate, publish in the form and man­ ner that the Agency thinks fit, such findings as it con­ siders appropriate,
(h) shall promote public awareness and conduct public infor­ mation campaigns for the purpose of educating and advis­ ing consumers in relation to consumer protection and welfare,
(i) shall promote educational initiatives and activities relating to consumer information and awareness and advise, when requested, the Minister or any other Minister of the Government, Departments of State or any public body whose activities are concerned with matters relating to any of the purposes of this Act, and any educational or training institution,
(j) for the purposes of performing its functions under para­ graphs (g) to (i), may, through the provision of financial or other resources, support the activities relating to con­ sumer protection and welfare of such voluntary bodies as the Agency considers appropriate,
(k) shall review and approve codes of practice in accordance with section 88,
(l) shall prepare and publish guidelines to traders in accord­
ance with section 90,
(m) shall promote and encourage the establishment by a trader or traders, whether generally or in respect of a particular service or services, of quality assurance schemes, that is to say schemes the purpose of which is—
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.8

(i) to maintain and improve the quality and reliability of the service or services provided to consumers, and
(ii) to enable consumers to identify traders who meet the requirements of the scheme concerned,
(n) shall perform the functions assigned to the Director under the existing enactments and transferred to the Agency pursuant to section 37.
(4) The Agency shall have all such powers as are necessary or expedient for the performance of its functions.
(5) The Agency may delegate the performance of any of its func­ tions to any member of the Agency or to any member of its staff, including the chief executive, duly authorised in that behalf by the Agency.
(6) Nothing in this section or any other provision of this Act imposes a duty on the Agency to consider whether to investigate a matter relating to Part 3 that is referred to it by a trader but the Agency may, in the case of a matter so referred to it, consider whether to do so (and, accordingly, may proceed to investigate the matter) where it is satisfied the matter may affect the interests and welfare of consumers.

9.—(1) The Minister may consult the Agency regarding proposals for legislation relating to consumer protection and welfare.

(2) The Agency shall—
(a) keep under review the relevant statutory provisions,
(b) submit, from time to time, to the Minister or such other Minister of the Government having responsibility for any other statutory provisions relating to, or which impact on, consumer protection and welfare any proposals that it considers appropriate relating to any of the relevant statutory provisions or any other statutory provisions or for making or revoking any instruments under those provisions,
(c) undertake such reviews of the relevant statutory pro­
visions as the Minister may direct, and
(d) assist in the preparation of such draft legislation as the
Minister may direct.
(3) Before submitting proposals to the Minister or any other Mini­ ster of the Government, as the case may be, the Agency shall consult any other person who, it appears to the Agency, is appropriate in the circumstances to be consulted or whom the Minister or the other Minister of the Government, as the case may be, directs is to be consulted.
10.—(1) The Agency shall consist of the following members: (a) a chairperson; and
(b) 12 ordinary members.

Review of legislation.

Membership of

Agency.

17

Pt.2 S.10 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(2) The chief executive shall, for the duration of his or her appointment, be an ex officio member of the Agency.
(3) The members of the Agency (other than the chief executive) shall, as soon as practicable after the establishment day, be appointed by the Minister, and shall be persons who, in the opinion of the Minister, have experience of or shown capacity in matters relevant to the functions of the Agency.
(4) The Minister shall, in so far as is practicable and having regard to the relevant experience of the persons concerned, ensure an equit­ able balance between men and women in the composition of the Agency.
(5) A member of the Agency shall be paid by the Agency, out of monies at its disposal, such remuneration (if any) and allowances for expenses incurred by him or her as the Minister, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, may from time to time determine.
(6) Subject to subsection (5), a member of the Agency shall hold office on such terms and conditions as the Minister may determine.
(7) On the anniversary of the establishment day and on each sub­ sequent anniversary of the establishment day, 2 members of the Agency (other than the chairperson and the chief executive) shall retire from office.
(8) The members to retire under subsection (7) in any year shall be those who have been longest in office since their last appointment, and where there are members whose appointment was made on the same day and who are obliged to retire under subsection (7), the members to retire shall, unless those members otherwise agree, be determined by lot.
(9) A member of the Agency (other than the chief executive)
shall not serve for more than 10 consecutive years.
(10) A person shall be disqualified for holding and shall cease to hold office as a member of the Agency if he or she—
(a) is adjudicated bankrupt,
(b) makes a composition or arrangement with his or her creditors,
(c) is convicted of an indictable offence in relation to a company,
(d) is convicted of an offence involving fraud or dishonesty, whether or not in connection with a company,
(e) has a declaration under section 150 of the Companies Act
1990 made against him or her or is subject or is deemed to be subject to a disqualification order by virtue of Part VII of that Act, or
(f) has a conflict of interest of such significance that, in the opinion of the Minister requires that he or she should not hold or should cease to hold such office.
(11) A member of the Agency may at any time resign from office by letter addressed to the Minister and the resignation shall take
18

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.10

effect on the date specified in the letter or the date the letter is received by the Minister whichever is later.
(12) The Minister may at any time remove a member of the
Agency from office if, in the Minister’s opinion—
(a) the member has become incapable through ill-health of effectively performing the duties of the office,
(b) the member has committed stated misbehaviour, or
(c) the removal appears to the Minister to be necessary for the effective performance of the functions of the Agency.
(13) Subject to subsection (9), a member of the Agency whose period of membership expires by the passage of time shall be eligible for re-appointment as a member of the Agency.
(14) Subject to section 12(3), the Agency may act notwithstanding any vacancy or vacancies in its membership.
(15) If a member of the Agency dies, resigns, retires, becomes disqualified or otherwise ceases to hold office or is removed from office, the Minister may appoint a person to be a member of the Agency to fill the vacancy so occasioned and the person so appointed shall be appointed in the same manner as the member who occasioned the vacancy.
(16) Where a vacancy occurs, the Minister shall take steps to fill it as soon as practicable.

11.—(1) The Minister shall designate a member of the Agency as chairperson.

(2) The term of office of the chairperson of the Agency shall be
5 years.
(3) Where the chairperson of the Agency ceases during his or her term of office as chairperson to be a member of the Agency, he or she shall also then cease to be chairperson of the Agency.
(4) The chairperson of the Agency may at any time resign his or her office as chairperson by letter sent to the Minister, and the resignation shall, unless it is previously withdrawn in writing, take effect at the commencement of the meeting of the Agency held next after the Agency has been informed by the Minister of the res­ ignation.
(5) The chairperson of the Agency shall, unless he or she sooner dies or otherwise ceases to be chairperson by virtue of subsection (3) or (4), hold office until the expiration of his or her period of member­ ship of the Agency and, if he or she is re-appointed as a member of the Agency, he or she shall be eligible for re-appointment as chair­ person of the Agency.

12.—(1) The Agency shall hold such and as many meetings as may be necessary for the performance of its functions.

(2) The Minister may, in consultation with the chairperson of the Agency, fix the date, time and place of the first meeting of the Agency.

Chairperson of

Agency.

Meetings and procedures of Agency.

19

Pt.2 S.12 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(3) The quorum for a meeting of the Agency shall be 5. (4) At a meeting of the Agency—
(a) the chairperson of the Agency shall, if present, be the chairperson of the meeting, and
(b) if and so long as the chairperson of the Agency is not present or if the office of chairperson is vacant, the members of the Agency who are present shall choose one of their number to be the chairperson of the meeting.
(5) Each member of the Agency (including the chairperson of the meeting concerned) present at a meeting shall have a vote.
(6) At a meeting of the Agency, a question on which a vote is required shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members of the Agency present and voting on the question and, in the case of an equal division of votes, the chairperson of the meeting shall have a second or casting vote.
(7) Subject to this Act, the Agency shall regulate, by standing orders or otherwise, the procedure and business of the Agency.

Committees.

13.—(1) The Agency may establish committees—

(a) to assist and advise the Agency on matters relating to any of its functions or on such matters as the Agency may from time to time determine, or
(b) to perform such functions of the Agency as may be del­
egated by it from time to time.
(2) A committee shall consist of a chairperson and such number of other members as the Agency may determine and may include persons who are not members of the Agency or of its staff.
(3) The chairperson and other members of a committee shall be appointed by the Agency.
(4) The Agency, when appointing a member of a committee, shall—
(a) have regard to the range of qualifications and experience necessary for the proper and effective discharge of the functions of the committee,
(b) have regard to the desirability of an equitable balance between men and women in the composition of the committee,
(c) fix the member’s period of membership, and
(d) fix the terms of his or her membership.
(5) The members of a committee may be paid by the Agency such fees as the Agency may determine, subject to the consent of the Minister and the Minister for Finance.
(6) A member of a committee may be removed at any time from membership of the committee by the Agency.
20

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.13 (7) The Agency may at any time dissolve a committee.

(8) The Agency may regulate the procedure and business of a
committee but, subject to any such regulation, a committee may regulate its own procedure and business.
(9) A committee may act notwithstanding a vacancy or vacancies in its membership.

14.—(1) There shall be a chief executive officer of the Agency who shall be known, and is referred to in this Act, as the chief executive.

(2) The chief executive shall, subject to subsection (3), be appointed by the Agency with the approval of the Minister and may, with the approval of the Minister, be removed from office for stated reasons by the Agency.
(3) Where a competition to appoint a chief executive is held prior to the establishment day the successful candidate may be appointed by the Minister as the chief executive designate of the Agency.
(4) The chief executive—
(a) shall hold office under a written contract of service (which contract may be renewed) for such period, not being more than 5 years, as is specified in the contract, subject to such terms and conditions (including terms and con­ ditions relating to remuneration, allowances for expenses and superannuation) as are so specified, being terms and conditions which are determined from time to time by the Agency with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, and
(b) shall be paid out of monies at the disposal of the Agency. (5) The chief executive shall not hold any other office or occupy
any other position in respect of which emoluments are payable, or
carry on any business, without the consent of the Agency and the approval of the Minister.
(6) The chief executive is subject to the control of the members of the Agency and, except as regards voting at meetings of the Agency, is required to comply with any lawful directions given by those members with respect to the carrying out of the chief execu­ tive’s functions.
(7) The person who, immediately before the establishment day, holds the position of chief executive designate of the Agency shall, on the establishment day, become the chief executive and shall hold such office until such time as the Agency appoints a chief executive under subsection (2).
(8) A person who was the chief executive shall not, for a period of 12 months following his or her resignation, removal or retirement from office, hold any other office or employment or act as a consult­ ant where he or she is likely to use or disclose information acquired by him or her in the performance of his or her functions as chief executive.
(9) Notwithstanding subsection (8), a person who was the chief executive shall not be precluded from—

Chief executive.

21

Pt.2 S.14 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(a) holding any office or employment in the Civil Service or any public body, or
(b) acting as a consultant to the Agency, the Minister or any other Minister of the Government,
during the period referred to in that subsection.

Functions of chief executive.

Attendance of chief executive before Committee of

Public Accounts.

15.—(1) The chief executive shall carry on, manage and control generally the staff, administration and business of the Agency and shall perform such other functions as may be conferred on him or her by or under this Act or as may be determined by the Agency.

(2) The chief executive may do all such acts or things as are neces­ sary or expedient for the purposes of the exercise of his or her func­ tions under this Act.
(3) The chief executive shall advise the Agency in relation to the performance of the functions of the Agency and shall make any proper proposals to the Agency on any matter relating to the activi­ ties of the Agency.
(4) The chief executive shall be responsible to the Agency for the performance of his or her functions and the implementation of the Agency’s policies.
(5) The chief executive shall provide the Agency with such infor­ mation, including financial information, in relation to the perform­ ance of his or her functions as the Agency may require.
(6) Subject to subsection (7), the chief executive may perform such of his or her functions as he or she may deem proper through or by any member of staff of the Agency duly authorised by the chief executive in that behalf.
(7) (a) The functions of the chief executive may be performed in his or her absence or when the position of chief executive is vacant by such member of the staff of the Agency as may from time to time be designated for that purpose by the Agency.
(b) A member of staff of the Agency designated under para­ graph (a) shall have all the powers, rights and duties con­ ferred on the chief executive by this Act and each refer­ ence in this Act to the chief executive shall be deemed to include a reference to such member of staff.

16.—(1) The chief executive shall, whenever he or she is so required by the committee of Da´ il E´ ireann established under the Standing Orders of Da´ il E´ ireann to examine and report to Da´ il E´ ireann on the appropriation accounts and reports of the Comptrol­ ler and Auditor General, give evidence to that committee on—

(a) the regularity and propriety of the transactions recorded or required to be recorded in any book or other record of account subject to audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General which the Agency is required by or under statute to keep,
(b) the economy and efficiency of the Agency in the use of its resources,
22

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.16

(c) the systems, procedures and practices employed by the Agency for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of its operations, and
(d) any matter affecting the Agency referred to in a special report of the Comptroller and Auditor General under section 11(2) of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Amendment) Act 1993 or in any other report of the Comptroller and Auditor General (in so far as it relates to a matter specified in paragraph (a), (b) or (c)) that is laid before Da´ il E´ ireann.
(2) In the performance of his or her duties under subsection (1), the chief executive shall not question or express an opinion on the merits of any policy of the Government or a Minister of the Govern­ ment or on the merits of the objectives of such a policy.

17.—The chief executive shall, whenever required to do so by—

(a) a committee appointed by either House of the Oireachtas, the business of which committee includes examination of policy relating to consumer protection and welfare, or
(b) a committee appointed jointly by both Houses of the Oireachtas, the business of which committee includes examination of such policy,
attend before such committee to discuss the general activities of the
Agency.

18.—(1) Where a member of the Agency, the chief executive or a member of the staff of the Agency is—

(a) nominated as a member of Seanad E´ ireann, or
(b) elected as a member of either House of the Oireachtas or to be a member of the European Parliament, or
(c) regarded pursuant to section 19 of the European Parlia­ ment Elections Act 1997 as having been elected to that Parliament, or
(d) elected or co-opted as a member of a local authority, he or she shall thereupon—
(i) in the case of a member of the Agency or the chief execu­ tive, cease to be a member of the Agency or the chief executive, as the case may be, and
(ii) in the case of a member of the staff of the Agency, stand seconded from employment by the Agency and shall not be paid by, or entitled to receive from, the Agency any remuneration or allowances for expenses in respect of the period commencing on such nomination or election, or when he or she is so regarded as having been elected or on such election or co-option, as the case may be, and ending when he or she ceases to be a member of such House, a representative of such Parliament or a member of a local authority.

Attendance of chief executive before other Oireachtas Committees.

Membership of either House of the Oireachtas, European Parliament or local authority.

23

Pt.2 S.18 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), that sub­ section shall be read as prohibiting the reckoning of a period therein mentioned as service with the Agency for the purposes of any super­ annuation benefits payable under section 36 or otherwise.
(3) A person who is for the time being—
(a) entitled under the Standing Orders of either House of the
Oireachtas to sit therein,
(b) a member of the European Parliament, or
(c) entitled under the standing orders of a local authority to sit as a member thereof,
shall, while he or she is so entitled or is such a member, be disquali­ fied from becoming a member of the Agency, the chief executive or a member of the staff of the Agency.
(4) In this section “local authority” means a local authority for the purposes of the Local Government Act 2001.

Indemnity for members of Agency.

Strategy statement and work programme of Agency.

19.—(1) Where the Agency is satisfied that a person to whom this section applies has discharged his or her duties in pursuance of the functions of the Agency in good faith, the Agency may, in the man­ ner and to the extent and subject to the terms and conditions that the Agency may determine from time to time in consultation with the Minister, indemnify that person against all actions or claims however they arise in respect of the discharge by him or her of his or her duties.

(2) This section applies to—
(a) a member of the Agency, (b) a member of a committee,
(c) a member of staff of the Agency, including the chief executive,
(d) a person whose services are provided to the Agency under

section 26, and

(e) an authorised officer.

20.—(1) As soon as practicable after the establishment day, and thereafter at least 3 months before each third anniversary of the establishment day, the Agency shall prepare and submit to the Mini­ ster a strategy statement for the following 3 year period.

(2) A strategy statement shall—
(a) specify the key objectives, outputs and related strategies
(including the use of resources) of the Agency,
(b) have regard to the need to ensure the most beneficial, effective and efficient use of the Agency’s resources,
(c) except for the first strategy statement, include a review of the outcomes and effectiveness of the preceding strategy statement,
24

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.20

(d) specify the manner in which the Agency proposes to assess its performance in respect of the objectives referred to in paragraph (a), taking account of relevant performance indicators (financial and non-financial),
(e) be prepared in the form and manner that the Minister may from time to time direct, and
(f) include any other matters that the Minister may from time to time direct.
(3) When preparing the strategy statement, the Agency may con­
sult such persons as it considers appropriate.
(4) As soon as practicable after a strategy statement has been sub­ mitted to the Minister under subsection (1), the Minister shall cause a copy of the strategy statement to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas and the strategy statement shall be published in the form and manner that the Agency considers appropriate.
(5) The Agency shall prepare and submit to the Minister, at least
2 months before the commencement of each financial year, a work programme relating to the discharge of its functions, including—
(a) having regard to the strategy statement, the objectives of the Agency for that year and its strategy for achieving those objectives,
(b) the priorities of the Agency for that year, having regard to those objectives and its available resources, and
(c) any other matters that the Minister may from time to time specify when issuing directions or guidelines under sub­ section (6).
(6) The Minister may, from time to time, issue directions or guide­ lines to the Agency concerning the preparation of the work prog­ ramme and the Agency shall comply with those directions and pre­ pare the work programme in accordance with those guidelines.

21.—(1) As soon as practicable after the commencement of this section, there shall be entered into between the Agency and every one of the prescribed bodies one or more agreements for the pur­ poses of—

(a) facilitating co-operation between the Agency and the pre­ scribed bodies in the performance of their respective functions in so far as they relate to issues of consumer protection and welfare,
(b) avoiding duplication of activities by the Agency and any of the prescribed bodies,
(c) enabling the Agency to be consulted in relation to any decisions by prescribed bodies which affect consumers,
(d) where appropriate, conducting joint studies or analysis of matters relating to consumer protection or issues of con­ cern to consumers,
and each such agreement that is entered into is referred to in this section as a “co-operation agreement”.

Provision for co­ operation between Agency and certain prescribed bodies.

25

Pt.2 S.21 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(2) It shall not be necessary for the purposes of subsection (1) that the same prescribed bodies be party to each agreement entered into with the Agency in pursuance of that subsection.
(3) A co-operation agreement shall include provisions—
(a) enabling each party to furnish to another party infor­ mation in its possession if the information is required by that other party for the purpose of the performance by it of any of its functions,
(b) enabling each party to forbear to perform any of its func­ tions in relation to a matter in circumstances where it is satisfied that another party is performing functions in relation to that matter,
(c) requiring each party to consult with any other party before performing any functions in circumstances where the respective exercise by each party of the functions con­ cerned involves the determination of issues of consumer protection and welfare that are identical to one another or are within the same category of such an issue, being a category specified in the co-operation agreement, and
(d) ensuring that no person is the subject of—
(i) proceedings (whether civil or criminal) under this Act or any other enactment, or
(ii) the exercise of any power under section 73 or 75,
in respect of an alleged contravention of a provision of this Act or any other enactment, by more than one of the parties.
(4) A co-operation agreement may be varied by the parties concerned.
(5) The Minister and, where relevant, the Minister or Ministers of the Government with responsibility for the prescribed body con­ cerned shall each be furnished by the Agency with a copy of every co-operation agreement (including any variation of the agreement) that has been made within 1 month after the agreement (or the vari­ ation of it) has been made.
(6) A co-operation agreement, or any variation made to it, shall be in writing and, as soon as practicable after the agreement or vari­ ation has been made and furnished to the Minister or Ministers of the Government with responsibility for the prescribed body con­ cerned, notice of its making shall be published by the parties in such manner as they think fit.
(7) Such a notice shall state that a copy of the agreement con­ cerned (including the agreement as varied) may be inspected at such place, or by such means as is specified in the notice and that a copy of the agreement may be purchased from the parties in such manner as is so specified (and a copy of the agreement shall, accordingly, be made available for such inspection and be made available for such purchase (at a cost not exceeding the reasonable cost of making a copy or, where appropriate, such cost and the amount of any post­ age involved)).
26

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.21

(8) Without prejudice to subsection (9), nothing in any enactment shall be read as preventing the provisions of a co-operation agree­ ment from having effect in accordance with their terms.
(9) If information is furnished by one party to another party pur­ suant to a provision of a co-operation agreement of the kind referred to in subsection (3)(a), the provisions of any enactment concerning the disclosure of that information by the first-mentioned party shall apply to the second-mentioned party with respect to that information.
(10) A failure by the Agency or a prescribed body to comply with a provision of a co-operation agreement shall not invalidate the exer­ cise by it of any power.
(11) (a) In this section “prescribed body” means each of the following:
(i) the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority; (ii) a body prescribed by the Minister.
(b) Before prescribing a body for which another Minister of the Government has responsibility, the Minister shall consult with that other Minister of the Government.
(c) In prescribing a body for the purposes of this section the Minister shall have regard to its functions and activities in so far as those functions and activities relate to consumer protection and welfare.
(12) In this section “party” means a party to a co-operation agree­ ment and a reference to another party (whether that expression or the expression “the other party” is used) shall, where there are 2 or more other parties to the agreement, be construed as a reference to one or more of those other parties or each of them, as appropriate.

22.—(1) The Agency shall, as soon as practicable, but not later than 6 months, after the end of each financial year make a report in writing to the Minister (in this section referred to as the “annual report”) of its activities during that year, and, before the annual report is published, the Minister shall as soon as practicable after receipt by him or her of the annual report cause copies of the annual report to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.

(2) An annual report shall include information in such form and regarding such matters as the Minister may direct.
(3) The Agency may, from time to time, make such other reports to the Minister relating to its functions as it considers appropriate or as the Minister may require.
(4) In addition to the information provided by the Agency in its annual report and in reports made pursuant to subsection (3), the Agency shall provide the Minister with such information in relation to the performance of its functions, or with advice on any matter relating to those functions, or both as the Minister may from time to time request.

23.—(1) The Agency shall submit estimates of income and expen­

diture to the Minister in such form, in respect of such periods and at

Reports and information to Minister.

Accounts and audits.

27

Pt.2 S.23 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

such times as may be required by the Minister and shall furnish to the Minister any information which the Minister may require in relation to those estimates, including proposals and future plans relating to the performance by the Agency of its functions over a specified period of years.
(2) The Agency shall keep in such form as may be approved by the Minister with the consent of the Minister for Finance all proper and usual books or other records of account of—
(a) all monies received or expended by the Agency, and
(b) all property, assets and liabilities of the Agency,
including an income and expenditure account and a balance sheet and, in particular, shall keep such special accounts (if any) as the Minister may from time to time direct.
(3) The chief executive and the other officers of the Agency shall, whenever so requested by the Minister, permit any person appointed by the Minister to examine the books or other records of account of the Agency in respect of any financial year or other period and shall facilitate any such examination, and the Agency shall pay such fee as may be fixed by the Minister.
(4) Accounts kept in pursuance of this section, signed by the chief executive, shall be submitted by the Agency to the Comptroller and Auditor General for audit as soon as practicable, but not later than
3 months, after the end of the financial year to which the accounts relate.
(5) When so audited, a copy of the accounts together with a copy of the report of the Comptroller and Auditor General thereon shall be presented by the Agency to the Minister who shall, as soon as practicable but not later than 3 months thereafter, cause copies of them to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.

Advances by

Minister to Agency.

Disclosure of interests.

24.—The Minister may from time to time advance to the Agency out of monies provided by the Oireachtas such amount or amounts as the Minister may, with the consent of the Minister for Finance, determine for the purposes of expenditure by the Agency in the per­ formance of its functions under any of the relevant statutory provisions.

25.—(1) Where the chief executive, a member of the Agency or of a committee, a member of the staff of the Agency, an authorised officer or a consultant, adviser or other person engaged by the Agency has a pecuniary interest or other beneficial interest in, or material to, any matter which is to be considered by the Agency, he or she shall—

(a) disclose to the Agency the nature of the interest in advance of any consideration of the matter,
(b) neither influence nor seek to influence a decision relating to the matter,
(c) take no part in any consideration of the matter,
(d) if he or she is the chief executive or a member of the
Agency or of a committee or a member of the staff of
28

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.25

the Agency, withdraw from the meeting for so long as the matter is being discussed or considered and neither vote nor otherwise act as such chief executive or member in relation to the matter.
(2) For the purposes of this section, but without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), a person shall be regarded as having a beneficial interest if in each of the following cases:
(a) the person, any connected relative of the person or a nomi­ nee of either of them is a member of a company or any other body which has a beneficial interest in, or material to, any matter referred to in that subsection;
(b) the person or any connected relative of the person is in partnership with or is in the employment of a person who has a beneficial interest in, or material to, any such matter;
(c) the person or any connected relative of the person is a party to any arrangement or agreement (whether or not enforceable) concerning land to which any such matter relates;
(d) any connected relative has a beneficial interest in, or material to, any such matter.
(3) For the purposes of this section a person shall not be regarded as having a beneficial interest in, or material to, any matter by reason only that he or she or any company or other person or any other body mentioned in subsection (2) has an interest which is so remote or insignificant that it cannot reasonably be regarded as likely to influence a person in considering or discussing, or in voting on, any question in respect of the matter or in performing any function in relation to that matter.
(4) The Agency shall determine any question as to whether a course of conduct, if pursued by a person, would be a failure by him or her to comply with subsection (1), and particulars of the determi­ nation shall be recorded in the minutes of the meeting at which the determination is made.
(5) If a disclosure is made under subsection (1) at a meeting of the Agency, particulars of the disclosure shall be recorded in the minutes of the meeting concerned, and for so long as the matter to which the disclosure relates is being dealt with by the meeting, the person by whom the disclosure is made shall not be counted in the quorum for the meeting.
(6) Where the Minister is satisfied that a member of the Agency has contravened subsection (1), the Minister may, if he or she thinks fit, remove that member from office and, where a person is removed from office pursuant to this subsection, the person shall thenceforth be disqualified from being a member of the Agency.
(7) Where a person other than a person to whom subsection (6) applies contravenes subsection (1), the Agency, in consultation with the Minister, shall decide the appropriate action to be taken in relation to the person, including the termination of a contract of service or a contract for services with the person.
29

Pt.2 S.25 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(8) In this section “connected relative”, in relation to a person, means a spouse, partner, parent, brother, sister, child or the spouse of a child of the person.

Power to enter into contracts and to engage consultants and advisers.

Premises of

Agency.

Seal of Agency.

Power to borrow.

Authorised officers of Agency.

26.—The Agency may from time to time as it considers necessary for the performance of its functions for such period and subject to such terms and conditions as the Agency considers appropriate—

(a) enter into contracts with persons, and
(b) engage consultants or advisers,
and any sums thereby payable by the Agency to such persons, con­ sultants or advisers shall be paid by the Agency out of monies at its disposal.

27.—The Agency may, for the purposes of providing premises necessary for the performance of its functions, lease, equip and main­ tain offices and premises subject to the consent of the Minister and the Minister for Finance.

28.—(1) The Agency shall, as soon as may be after the establish­

ment day, provide itself with a seal.
(2) The seal of the Agency shall be authenticated by the signa­
ture of—
(a) the chairperson of the Agency or another member of the
Agency authorised in that behalf by it, or
(b) the chief executive or any other member of the staff of the
Agency authorised in that behalf by it.
(3) Judicial notice shall be taken of the seal of the Agency and an instrument purporting to be an instrument made by the Agency and to be sealed with its seal (purporting to be authenticated in accord­ ance with subsection (2)) shall be received in evidence and shall be deemed to be such instrument without further proof unless the con­ trary is shown.
(4) Any contract or instrument which, if entered into or executed by a person not being a body corporate, would not require to be under seal may be entered into or executed on behalf of the Agency by any person generally or specially authorised in that behalf by the Agency.

29.—The Agency may borrow money (including money in a cur­ rency other than the currency of the State) for the purpose of per­ forming any of the functions of the Agency, subject to the consent of the Minister and the Minister for Finance and any conditions they may determine.

30.—(1) The Agency may appoint in writing such and so many persons, including members of the staff of the Agency, to be author­ ised officers for the purposes of all or any of the relevant statutory provisions and such appointment may be specified to be for a fixed period.

30

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.30

(2) An authorised officer under section 16 of the Consumer Infor­ mation Act 1978 holding office immediately before the commence­ ment of section 37 shall continue in office as if appointed under sub­ section (1).
(3) Every authorised officer appointed under this section shall be furnished with a warrant of appointment and shall, when exercising any power conferred on him or her by this section, if requested by a person affected, produce the warrant of appointment or copy of it to that person.
(4) An appointment under this section as an authorised officer shall cease—
(a) if the Agency revokes the appointment,
(b) if the appointment is for a fixed period, on the expiry of that period, or
(c) if the person appointed ceases to be a member of staff of the Agency.
(5) An authorised officer may, for the purpose of obtaining any information which may be required in relation to a matter under investigation under any of the relevant statutory provisions—
(a) at all reasonable times enter any premises on, at or in which there are reasonable grounds to believe that any trade or business or any activity in connection with a trade or business is being, or has been, carried on, or that records in relation to that trade, business or activity are kept, and search and inspect the premises and any records that are on, at or in that premises,
(b) secure for later inspection any, or any part of any, prem­ ises on, at or in which such records are kept or there are reasonable grounds for believing that such records are kept,
(c) require any person who carries on such trade, business or activity or any person employed in respect of such trade, business or activity to produce to the authorised officer such records and where such records are kept in a non- legible form to reproduce them in a legible form or to give to him or her any information as the authorised officer may reasonably require in relation to such records,
(d) inspect and take copies of or extracts from any such records on, at or in the premises, including in the case of information in a non-legible form, copies of or extracts from such information in a permanent legible form,
(e) remove and retain such records for such periods as may be reasonable for further examination, subject to a war­ rant being issued for that purpose by a judge of the Dis­ trict Court,
(f) require any such person to give to the authorised officer any information which the authorised officer may reason­ ably require in regard to such trade, business or activity
31

Pt.2 S.30 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

or in respect of the persons carrying on such trade, busi­ ness or activity or employed in connection with such trade, business or activity,
(g) require any such person to give to the authorised officer any other information which the authorised officer may reasonably require in respect of such trade, business or activity,
(h) require any person by or on whose behalf data equipment is or has been used or any person having charge of, or otherwise concerned with the operation of, the data equipment or any associated apparatus or material, to afford the authorised officer all reasonable assistance in relation to it and assist in the retrieval of information connected with the operation of such data equipment, apparatus or material,
(i) summon, at any reasonable time, any other person employed in connection with such trade, business or activity to give to the authorised officer any information which the authorised officer may reasonably require in relation to such trade, business or activity and to produce to the authorised officer any records which are in the con­ trol of that other person.
(6) An authorised officer may, for the purpose of obtaining any information which may be required in relation to a matter under investigation under the relevant statutory provisions, at all reason­ able times enter any premises, at which there are reasonable grounds to believe that any trade or business or any activity in connection with a trade or business is, or has been, carried on and inspect any goods on the premises and may—
(a) on paying or making tender of payment therefor, take any of the goods, or
(b) confirm by such other method as appropriate the price at which the goods are on offer or any other information relating to the goods for the purpose of an investigation.
(7) An authorised officer shall not, other than with the consent of the occupier, enter a private dwelling unless he or she has obtained a warrant from the District Court under subsection (10) authorising such entry.
(8) Where an authorised officer in the exercise of his or her powers under this section is prevented from entering any premises an application may be made under subsection (10) authorising such entry.
(9) An authorised officer appointed under this section, when exercising any powers conferred on an authorised officer by this Act, may be accompanied by such other authorised officers or members of the Garda Sı´ocha´ na or both as he or she considers necessary.
(10) Without prejudice to the powers conferred on an authorised officer by or under any provision of this section, if a judge of the District Court is satisfied on the sworn information of an authorised officer that there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that there is information required by an authorised officer under this section held on or at any, or any part of any, premises, the judge may issue a warrant authorising an authorised officer (accompanied by such
32

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.30

other authorised officers or members of the Garda Sı´ocha´ na or both as provided for in subsection (9)) at any time or times within one month from the date of issue of the warrant, on production if so requested of the warrant, to enter the premises, using reasonable force where necessary, and exercise all or any of the powers con­ ferred on an authorised officer under this section.
(11) A person who falsely represents himself or herself as an auth­ orised officer commits an offence and is liable on summary convic­ tion to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(12) A person who—
(a) obstructs or impedes an authorised officer in the exercise of a power under this section,
(b) without reasonable excuse, does not comply with a request or requirement of an authorised officer under this section, or
(c) in purported compliance with such a requirement gives information that is false or misleading in a material respect,
commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(13) Where the Agency or an authorised officer proposes to retain, pursuant to this section, books, documents or records for a period longer than 14 days after the date on which they were seized or obtained by the authorised officer, the Agency or that officer shall, before the expiry of that period of 14 days, or such longer period with the consent of the person hereafter mentioned, furnish, on request, a copy of the books, documents or records to the person who it appears to the Agency or officer is, but for the exercise of the powers under this section, entitled to possession of them.
(14) Where an advertisement in relation to the supply or pro­ vision of any product is published and does not include the name and address of the person who procured such publication or his or her agent, the publisher of the advertisement shall, if the Agency or an authorised officer so requests within 12 months of the publication of the advertisement, give to the Agency or the authorised officer, the name and address of such person or his or her agent.
(15) A person who fails to comply with a request under subsection (14) or, in purported compliance with such a request, gives infor­ mation that is false or misleading in a material respect, commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(16) In this section—
“premises” means any place or vehicle;
“records” includes, in addition to a record in writing—
(a) discs, tapes, sound-tracks or other devices, including elec­ tronic devices, in which information, sounds or signals are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other instrument) of being reproduced in legible or audible form,
33

Pt.2 S.30 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(b) films, tapes or other devices, including electronic devices, in which visual images are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other instrument) of being reproduced in visual form,
(c) photographs,
and a reference to copies of records includes—
(i) in the case of records falling within paragraph (a) only, transcripts of the sounds or signals embodied in them,
(ii) in the case of records falling within paragraph (b) only, still reproductions of the images embodied in them, and
(iii) in the case of records falling within both paragraphs (a) and (b), such transcripts together with such still repro­ ductions;
“vehicle” means any conveyance in or by which any person or thing, or both, is transported which is designed for use on land, or in water or in the air, or in more than one of those ways, and includes—
(a) part of a vehicle,
(b) an article designed as a vehicle but not capable of func­
tioning as a vehicle,
(c) a skip or other container designed for use or used for car­
riage on a vehicle,
(d) a trailer designed for use or used with a vehicle.

Disclosure of information relating to offences.

31.—(1) Notwithstanding any other law, information which, in the opinion of—

(a) the Competition Authority,
(b) a member of the Garda Sı´ocha´ na,
(c) the Director of Corporate Enforcement, (d) an officer of the Revenue Commissioners,
(e) the Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of
Ireland, or
(f) such other person as may be prescribed after consultation by the Minister with any other Minister of the Govern­ ment appearing to the Minister to be concerned,
may relate to the commission of an offence under any of the relevant statutory provisions may be disclosed by the body or other person referred to in any of paragraphs (a) to (f) to the Agency, a member of the Agency or a member of staff of the Agency or an authorised officer.
(2) Notwithstanding section 32, information, which in the opinion of the chief executive may relate to the commission of an offence which is not an offence under the relevant statutory provisions, may be disclosed to—
34

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.31 (a) the Competition Authority,

(b) a member of the Garda Sı´ocha´ na,
(c) the Director of Corporate Enforcement, (d) an officer of the Revenue Commissioners,
(e) the Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of
Ireland, or
(f) such other person as may be prescribed after consultation by the Minister with any other Minister of the Govern­ ment appearing to the Minister to be concerned.

32.—(1) A person shall not, unless authorised by the Agency or by a member of the staff of the Agency duly authorised in that behalf so to do, or required by law, disclose confidential information obtained by him or her in his or her capacity, or while performing duties as—

(a) a member of the Agency or of a committee, (b) the chief executive,
(c) a member of the staff of the Agency,
(d) a consultant or adviser engaged by the Agency or an employee of such a consultant or adviser,
(e) an authorised officer, or
(f) a person engaged by the Agency in any other capacity. (2) Subsection (1) shall not apply to—
(a) a communication made by a member of the Agency or of a committee, the chief executive, a member of staff of the Agency or an authorised officer, in the performance of any of his or her functions under this Act, being a com­ munication the making of which was necessary for the performance by the member, chief executive, member of staff of the Agency or authorised officer of any such func­ tion, or
(b) the disclosure by a member of the Agency or of a commit­ tee, the chief executive, a member of staff of the Agency or an authorised officer to any member of the Garda Sı´ocha´ na of information which, in the opinion of the member or chief executive or member of staff of the Agency or authorised officer, may relate to the com­ mission of an offence (whether an offence under this Act or not).
(3) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties pro­ vided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(4) Nothing in subsection (1) shall prevent the disclosure of infor­
mation by means of a report made—
(a) to the Agency or a committee, as the case may be, or

Prohibition on unauthorised disclosure of information.

35

Pt.2 S.32 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(b) by or on behalf of the Agency or a committee to the
Minister.
(5) A person who suffers loss or harm as a result of a contra­ vention of subsection (1) shall be entitled to bring proceedings against the person referred to in subsection (6) in any court of com­ petent jurisdiction seeking one, or more than one as appropriate, of the following reliefs in respect of that loss or harm:
(a) relief by way of injunction or declaration; (b) damages.
(6) The person mentioned in subsection (5) is—
(a) if the person who contravened subsection (1) is other than a member of the Agency or a member of staff of the Agency or an authorised officer, that person,
(b) if the person who contravened subsection (1) is a member of the Agency or a member of staff of the Agency or an authorised officer and the relief sought, or to the extent that the relief sought, in the proceedings is—
(i) relief referred to in subsection (5)(a), that person, (ii) relief referred to in subsection (5)(b), the Agency.
(7) An action under subsection (5) shall be regarded as an action founded on tort.
(8) In this section “confidential information” includes information that is expressed by the Agency or a committee, as the case may be, to be confidential either as regards particular information or as regards information of a particular class or description.

Amendment of Freedom of Information Act

1997.

Staffing.

33.—On the establishment day, the Freedom of Information Act

1997 is amended by inserting—
(a) in paragraph 1(2) of the First Schedule, “the National
Consumer Agency,”, and
(b) in Part I of the Third Schedule at the end thereof—
(i) in column (2), “Consumer Protection Act 2007”, and
(ii) in column (3), “Section 32” opposite the mention in column (2) of the Consumer Protection Act 2007.
Chapter 2

Staff of Agency

34.—(1) Subject to section 35, the Agency may, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance—
(a) appoint such and so many persons to be members of the staff of the Agency as it may from time to time deter­ mine, and
36

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.34

(b) determine the grades of such staff of the Agency and the number of staff in each grade.
(2) Subject to section 35, the terms and conditions of service, including terms and conditions relating to remuneration and allow­ ances for expenses (which shall be paid by the Agency out of monies at its disposal), of the members of the staff of the Agency shall be such as the Agency may from time to time, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, determine.

35.—(1) On the request of the chief executive made within 24 months after the establishment day, the Minister may, by direction in writing, transfer to the Agency the employment of a person who is employed in a Department of State or by a public body, but only if the person has agreed to have that employment transferred to the Agency.

(2) The chief executive may make such a request only with the concurrence of the Agency.
(3) The conditions of employment of a person whose employment is transferred under this section are to be no less favourable than those applicable to the person immediately before the transfer, except in so far as a collective agreement negotiated with a recog­ nised trade union or staff association of which the person is a member expressly provides otherwise.
(4) If any dispute arises between a person whose employment is transferred under this section and the Agency as to the conditions of employment applicable to the person immediately before the transfer, the Minister shall determine the dispute.
(5) If a person’s employment is transferred under this section, the person’s previous service with a Department of State or public body is to be counted as service for the purposes of the following Acts of the Oireachtas:
(a) the Redundancy Payments Acts 1967 to 2003;
(b) the Protection of Employees (Part-Time Work) Act 2001; (c) the Protection of Employees (Fixed-Term Work) Act
2003;
(d) the Minimum Notice and Terms of Employment Acts 1973 to 2005;
(e) the Unfair Dismissals Acts 1977 to 2005;
(f) the Terms of Employment (Information) Acts 1994 and
2001;
(g) the Organisation of Working Time Act 1997; (h) the Parental Leave Acts 1998 and 2006;
(i) the Carer’s Leave Act 2001.
(6) In this section “recognised trade union or staff association” means a trade union or staff association recognised by the Agency for the purposes of negotiations which are concerned with the

Transfer of employment of certain persons to Agency.

37

Pt.2 S.35 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

remuneration or conditions of employment or the working con­
ditions of employees.

Superannuation.

36.—(1) The Agency may, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, make such provision as it considers appropriate in relation to the superannuation of persons appointed under section 34 or transferred to the Agency under section 35.
(2) The Agency may, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, make a scheme or schemes for the granting of superannuation benefits to or in respect of the members of staff of the Agency as the Agency thinks fit, and shall carry out such a scheme in accordance with its terms.
(3) A superannuation scheme shall fix the time and conditions of retirement for all persons to or in respect of whom superannuation benefits are payable under the scheme, and different times and con­ ditions may be fixed in respect of different classes of persons.
(4) The Agency may, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, make a scheme amending or revoking a superannuation scheme, and shall carry out such a scheme in accordance with its terms.
(5) Superannuation benefits granted under this section to persons transferred to the Agency under section 35, and the terms and con­ ditions relating to those benefits, shall not be less favourable to those persons than those to which they were entitled immediately before they were transferred under the said section 35.
(6) Superannuation benefits shall not be granted by the Agency to or in respect of any member of the staff of the Agency, nor shall any other arrangement be entered into by the Agency for the pro­ vision of such benefits to such person, except in accordance with a superannuation scheme or, if the Agency, with the approval of the Minister given with the consent of the Minister for Finance, sanctions the granting of such benefits, in accordance with that sanction.
(7) A superannuation scheme shall provide for an appeal from a decision relating to superannuation benefits payable under the scheme.
(8) Where at any time during the period between his or her transfer under section 35 and the coming into operation of a scheme under this section, a superannuation benefit falls due for payment to or in respect of a person who was transferred under section 35, the benefit shall be calculated and paid by the Agency in accordance with the scheme or such provisions in relation to superannuation as applied to the person immediately before his or her transfer under the said section 35, and for that purpose that person’s pensionable service with the Agency and previous pensionable service shall be aggregated.
(9) The Minister shall cause a superannuation scheme to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made and, if a resolution annulling the scheme is passed by either such House within the next 21 days on which that House has sat after the scheme is laid before it, the scheme shall be annulled accordingly but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under the scheme.
38

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.2 S.36 (10) In this section—

“superannuation benefits” means pensions, gratuities and other
allowances payable to or in respect of a person on ceasing to be a member of the staff of the Agency;
“superannuation scheme” means a superannuation scheme made under subsection (2) or (4).
Chapter 3

Transfer of Functions, etc.

37.—(1) The administration and business in connection with the exercise, performance or execution of any of the functions trans­ ferred by subsection (2) are transferred to the Agency on the estab­ lishment day.
(2) The functions vested in the Director by or under the existing enactments are transferred to the Agency on the establishment day.
(3) References to the Director and the office of the Director con­
tained in any Act (within the meaning of the Interpretation Act
2005) or instrument (including a licence or certificate granted, nomi­ nation made or consent or authorisation given thereunder) relating to any functions transferred by subsection (2) shall, on and after the establishment day, be read as references to the Agency.
(4) Anything commenced before the establishment day by or under the authority of the Director may, in so far as it relates to functions transferred by subsection (2) to the Agency, be carried on or completed on or after that day by the Agency.
(5) Where immediately before the establishment day, any legal proceedings are pending to which the Director is a party or the pros­ ecutor and the proceedings have reference to any functions trans­ ferred to the Agency by subsection (2), the name of the Agency shall, in so far as the proceedings relate to functions transferred by subsec­ tion (2), be substituted in those proceedings for that of the Director or added in those proceedings and those proceedings shall not abate by reason of such substitution.

38.—(1) Every bond, guarantee or other security of a continuing nature made or given by the Director to any person or by any person to the Director that is in force immediately before the establishment day, and every contract or agreement in writing made between the Director and any person that is in force but is not fully executed and completed immediately before the establishment day shall continue in force on and after that day and shall be construed and have effect as if the name of the Agency was substituted therein for the Director.

(2) Every document (including any certificate, licence, nomi­ nation, consent or authorisation) granted or made by the Director in the exercise of a function transferred by section 37 that is in force immediately before the establishment day shall continue in force on and after that day as if it had been granted or made by the Agency and shall be construed and have effect accordingly.

39.—(1) With effect from the establishment day the following are transferred to the Agency:

Transfer of functions to Agency.

Preservation of existing contracts.

Transfer of assets and liabilities.

39

Pt.2 S.39 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(a) all rights and property and rights relating to such property held or enjoyed immediately before that day by the Director; and
(b) all liabilities incurred before that day by the Director which had not been discharged before that day;
and, accordingly, without any further conveyance, transfer or assignment—
(i) the said property, real and personal, shall, on that day, vest in the Agency for all the estate, term or interest for which, immediately before that day, it was vested in the Director, but subject to all trusts and equities affecting the property and capable of being performed,
(ii) those rights shall, on and from that day, be enjoyed by the
Agency, and
(iii) those liabilities shall, on and from that day, be liabilities of the Agency.
(2) All monies, stocks, shares and securities transferred to the Agency by this section which, immediately before the establishment day, are in the name of the Director, shall, upon the request of the Agency, be transferred into its name.
(3) Every right and liability transferred to the Agency by this section may, on or after the establishment day, be sued on, recovered or enforced by or against the Agency in its own name and it shall not be necessary for the Agency to give notice of the transfer to the person whose right or liability is transferred by this section.
(4) The Agency shall not, without the consent of the Minister, dispose of any part of any land or any interest therein transferred to or vested in the Agency under this section.

References in certain other enactments to Director or Office of Director.

General prohibition on unfair commercial practices.

40.—(1) The Acts of the Oireachtas specified in Part 1 of Schedule

3 are amended as indicated in that Schedule.

(2) The instruments specified in Part 2 of Schedule 3 are amended as indicated in that Schedule.
PART 3
Commercial Practices
Chapter 1

Unfair Commercial Practices

41.—(1) A trader shall not engage in an unfair commercial practice.

(2) A commercial practice is unfair if it—
(a) is contrary to one or both of the following (the require­
ments of professional diligence):
40

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.41

(i) the general principle of good faith in the trader’s field of activity;
(ii) the standard of skill and care that the trader may reasonably be expected to exercise in respect of consumers,
and
(b) would be likely to—
(i) cause appreciable impairment of the average con­ sumer’s ability to make an informed choice in relation to the product concerned, and
(ii) cause the average consumer to make a transactional decision that the average consumer would not other­ wise make.
(3) In determining whether a commercial practice is unfair under subsection (2), the commercial practice shall be considered in its fac­ tual context, taking account of all of its features and the cir­ cumstances.
Chapter 2

Misleading Commercial Practices

42.—(1) A trader shall not engage in a misleading commercial practice.

(2) Without prejudice to the amendments of the Hallmarking Act
1981 made by section 99, sections 43 to 46 specify the various circum­
stances in which a commercial practice is misleading.
43.—(1) A commercial practice is misleading if it includes the pro­ vision of false information in relation to any matter set out in subsec­ tion (3) and that information would be likely to cause the average consumer to make a transactional decision that the average con­ sumer would not otherwise make.
(2) A commercial practice is misleading if it would be likely to cause the average consumer to be deceived or misled in relation to any matter set out in subsection (3) and to make a transactional decision that the average consumer would not otherwise make.
(3) The following matters are set out for the purposes of subsec­

tions (1) and (2):

(a) the existence or nature of a product;
(b) the main characteristics of a product, including, without limitation, any of the following:
(i) its geographical origin or commercial origin;
(ii) its availability, including, without limitation, its avail­ ability at a particular time or place or at a part­ icular price;
(iii) its quantity, weight or volume;

General prohibition on misleading commercial practices.

Misleading: false, misleading or deceptive information.

41

Pt.3 S.43	[No. 19.]	Consumer Protection Act 2007.	[2007.]
	(iv) (v) (vi) (vii)	its benefits or fitness for purpose; the results to be expected from it; the risks it presents to consumers; its usage or prior history;

(viii) its composition, ingredients, components or accessories;
(ix) the specifications of the product, including, without limitation, the grade, standard, style, status or model of the product;
(x) the after-supply customer assistance available to con­
sumers in relation to the product;
(xi) the handling of consumer complaints in relation to the product;
(xii) the method or date of—
(I) the product’s delivery, supply or provision, or
(II) in the case of goods, the product’s manufacture; (xiii) the results and material features of tests or checks
carried out on the product;
(xiv) in relation to a service, its execution or performance; (c) the price of the product, the manner in which that price is
calculated or the existence or nature of a specific price advantage;
(d) the need for any part, replacement, servicing or repair in relation to the product;
(e) the existence, extent or nature of any approval or sponsor­
ship (direct or indirect) of the product by others;
(f) the nature, attributes or rights of the trader, including, without limitation, the following:
(i) the trader’s identity, qualifications, assets or status; (ii) the trader’s affiliation or connection with others; (iii) the existence, extent or nature of—
(I) any industrial, commercial or intellectual prop­
erty rights the trader may have, or
(II) any award, distinction, approval or sponsorship (direct or indirect) the trader has or has received;
(g) the extent of the trader’s commitments;
(h) the trader’s motives for the commercial practice; (i) the nature of the trader’s supply process;
42

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.43

(j) the legal rights of a consumer (whether contractual or otherwise) or matters respecting when, how or in what circumstances those rights may be exercised.
(4) If the commercial practice in subsection (2) involves the pro­ vision of information, it is not a defence in any proceeding to show that the information is factually correct.
(5) In determining whether a commercial practice under subsec­ tion (1) or (2) is misleading, the commercial practice shall be con­ sidered in its factual context, taking account of all of its features and the circumstances.
(6) Without limiting subsection (5)—
(a) if the commercial practice involves a representation or creates an impression (whether in advertising, marketing or otherwise) that a product was previously offered at a different price or at a particular price, consideration shall be given to whether the product was previously offered openly and in good faith at that price and at the same place for a reasonable period of time before the represen­ tation was made, and
(b) if the commercial practice involves a representation or creates an impression (whether in advertising, marketing or otherwise) that a product is being offered by a trader at or below a price recommended by the manufacturer, producer or supplier of the product (other than the trader), consideration shall be given to whether that recommended price was one recommended in good faith by that manufacturer, producer or supplier.
(7) In determining the geographical origin of goods the manufac­ ture or production of which involves more than one country, con­ sideration shall be given to where the goods underwent their last substantial and economically justified processing or working (in a place equipped for that purpose), resulting in the manufacture of new goods or representing an important stage of the manufacture or production.

44.—(1) A commercial practice involving marketing or advertis­ ing is misleading if it would be likely to cause the average consumer—

(a) to confuse—
(i) a competitor’s product with the trader’s product, or
(ii) a competitor’s trade name, trade mark or some other distinguishing feature or mark with that of the trader,
and
(b) to make a transactional decision that the average con­
sumer would not otherwise make.
(2) In determining whether a commercial practice is misleading under subsection (1), the commercial practice shall be considered in its factual context, taking account of all of its features and the cir­ cumstances.

Misleading: competitor or product confusion in marketing or advertising.

43

Pt.3 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Misleading: non­ compliance with commitment under code of practice by which trader is bound.

Misleading: withholding, omitting or concealing material information.

45.—(1) A commercial practice is misleading if—

(a) it involves a representation that the trader abides, or is bound, by a code of practice,
(b) the representation referred to in paragraph (a) would be likely to cause the average consumer to make a trans­ actional decision that the average consumer would not otherwise make, and
(c) the trader fails to comply with a firm commitment in that code of practice.
(2) In determining whether a commercial practice is misleading under subsection (1), the commercial practice shall be considered in its factual context, taking account of all of its features and the cir­ cumstances.
(3) For the purposes of this section, a firm commitment in a code of practice is one that is not merely aspirational but is capable of being verified.

46.—(1) A commercial practice is misleading if the trader omits or conceals material information that the average consumer would need, in the context, to make an informed transactional decision (“material information”) and such practice would be likely to cause the average consumer to make a transactional decision that the aver­ age consumer would not otherwise make.

(2) A commercial practice is misleading if— (a) the trader—
(i) provides material information referred to in subsec­ tion (1) in a manner that is unclear, unintelligible, ambiguous or untimely, or
(ii) fails to identify the commercial intent of the practice (if such intent is not already apparent from the context),
and
(b) such practice would be likely to cause the average con­ sumer to make a transactional decision that the average consumer would not otherwise make.
(3) If a commercial practice is or includes an invitation to pur­ chase, each of the following constitutes material information for the purposes of this section, unless already apparent to the consumer in the context of the commercial practice:
(a) the main characteristics of the product, to an extent appro­
priate to the medium and the product;
(b) the geographical address of the trader, the identity of the trader (such as his or her trading name) and, if the trader is acting in a consumer transaction as an agent of another trader, the geographical address and the identity of that other trader;
44

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.46

(c) the price of the product (inclusive of taxes) or, if the nat­ ure of the product is such that the price cannot reason­ ably be calculated in advance, the manner in which the price is calculated;
(d) any freight, delivery or postal charges that apply in relation to the product or, if such charges cannot reason­ ably be calculated in advance, a statement of the fact that such charges will apply and be payable by the consumer;
(e) the handling of consumer complaints in relation to the product or the arrangement for payment, delivery or per­ formance, if such handling or arrangement does not meet or accord with—
(i) the standard of skill and care that the trader may reasonably be expected to exercise in respect of con­ sumers, or
(ii) the general principle of good faith in the trader’s field of activity;
(f) if applicable, the legal rights of a consumer (whether con­ tractual or otherwise) to withdraw from or cancel the consumer transaction.
(4) The material information set out in subsection (3) is in addition to and not instead of any other information that the trader is required by law to provide to a consumer, including, without limi­ tation, any information required to be provided by regulations under this Act.
(5) In determining whether a commercial practice is misleading under this section, the commercial practice shall be considered in its factual context, taking account of all of its features and the circum­ stances, including—
(a) the space or time available in any communications medium used, and
(b) any measures taken by the trader to make the material information available to consumers by other means.
47.—A trader who engages in any misleading commercial practice described in section 43(1) or (2) commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.

48.—(1) In this section—

“cash” means cash that is legal tender;
“relevant method”, in relation to payment, means each of the follow­
ing methods of payment—
(a) cash,
(b) credit card, (c) direct debit,

Offence: misleading commercial practices.

Prohibition on surcharges where one method of payment chosen in preference to another.

45

Pt.3 S.48 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(d) any other method or methods of payment prescribed by the Minister.
(2) In this section a reference to a representation includes a refer­ ence to a representation made at any stage up to the time the trader accepts payment in respect of the product concerned.
(3) Where—
(a) a trader makes a representation that the trader will accept payment in respect of a product by any one of 2 or more different relevant methods, or
(b) it is the practice of a trader to accept payment in respect of a product by different relevant methods,
the trader shall not impose an additional charge on any person by reason of the person’s making payment in respect of the product by one of the relevant methods (to which the foregoing representation relates or as regards which the foregoing practice exists) as distinct from another of them.
(4) For the purposes of subsection (3)—
(a) without limiting any of the other means by which that sub­ section may be contravened, a trader shall be deemed to impose an additional charge, by reason of the person concerned making payment as mentioned in that subsec­ tion, if the price charged by the trader in respect of the product concerned is, where one of the relevant methods of payment is used by that person, greater than the price that would be so charged were that person to use another of them,
(b) if the representation or practice referred to in that subsec­ tion relates not only to relevant methods of payment but to one or more other methods of payment as well, that fact is immaterial, and
(c) it is immaterial that the trader can show that any expenses incurred by the trader in accepting payment by one of the relevant methods are greater than those incurred by the trader in accepting payment by another of them.
(5) A trader who contravenes subsection (3) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties pro­ vided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(6) In proceedings for an offence under this section, where evi­ dence is given that on a particular occasion the defendant accepted payment in respect of the product concerned by a relevant method which was different from that which the defendant accepted in respect of the product on another occasion in the period of 12 months preceding the first-mentioned occasion (and that previous method is also a relevant method), then it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that a practice existed on the part of the defendant to accept payment in respect of the product by those fore­ going methods.
46

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3

49.—(1) Where it is the practice of a trader to accept payment in respect of a product—

(a) by only one relevant method and to impose a charge on a person for the person’s making payment in respect of the product by that method, or
(b) by different relevant methods and to impose on a person the same charge for the person’s making payment in respect of the product by any of those methods,
the trader shall ensure that any representation made by the trader, or on the trader’s behalf, in relation to the price payable in respect of the product, states clearly that price as a single amount inclusive of the foregoing charge.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), it is immaterial that the trader also accepts payment in respect of the product concerned by one or more methods of payment that are not relevant methods of payment and the reference in that subsection to the practice of a trader to accept payment in respect of a product by only one relevant method shall be read accordingly.
(3) A trader who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties pro­ vided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(4) In a case falling within paragraph (a) or (b) of subsection (1), nothing in that subsection prevents the inclusion in any represen­ tation referred to in that subsection of—
(a) an indication that the single price stated is inclusive of a charge for making payment by the method concerned or, as the case may be, any of the methods concerned, or
(b) an indication of the amount of such charge.
(5) In this section ‘relevant method’, in relation to payment, has the same meaning as it has in section 48.
50.—(1) Subject to subsection (5), if the Minister considers it to be in the interest of consumers to have a product, or a class or type of product, marked with or accompanied by any information (or both), the Minister may make regulations—
(a) prescribing the product or class or type of product, (b) prescribing—
(i) any stamps, marks, tags and labels for use on those products and the manner of their use, or
(ii) any information to accompany those products when they are supplied to consumers by traders, or
(iii) the matters referred to in both of the foregoing subpa­
ragraphs,
(c) requiring traders who supply a prescribed product, or a product of a prescribed class or type, to—

Requirement that surcharge (where otherwise permissible) be stated as part of price.

Consumer information regulations.

47

Pt.3 S.50 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(i) stamp, mark, tag or label them in accordance with regulations made under paragraph (b)(i), or
(ii) have prescribed information under paragraph (b)(ii) accompany those products in the manner and form specified in the regulations, or
(iii) do the things referred to in both of the foregoing sub­
paragraphs,
and
(d) regulating or prohibiting the supply of a prescribed prod­ uct, or a product of a prescribed class or type, if any regu­ lation under paragraph (b) or (c) is not complied with.
(2) Subject to subsection (5), if the Minister considers it to be in the interest of consumers that advertisements for a product, or a class or type of product, contain or refer to any information relating to those products (or do both those things), the Minister may make regulations—
(a) prescribing the product, or class or type of product, and that information, and
(b) requiring traders who market or advertise those products to do either or both of the following, as the Minister con­ siders necessary or appropriate:
(i) include that information in their advertisements and to do so in the manner and form specified in the regulations;
(ii) specify in their advertisements the means by which that information may be obtained by a consumer.
(3) The Minister may make different regulations under this section for—
(a) different classes or types of products or traders, (b) different classes or types of advertisements,
(c) different circumstances, and
(d) different geographical areas of the State.
(4) A regulation made under this section may apply to the whole
State or to a specified geographical area of the State.
(5) The Minister may not make a regulation under this section unless the Minister is satisfied that in the context—
(a) the average consumer would need the stamp, mark, tag, label or information in order to make an informed trans­ actional decision (“material information”), and
(b) if such material information was withheld, omitted or con­ cealed, it would be likely to cause the average consumer to make a transactional decision that the average con­ sumer would not otherwise make.
48

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.50

(6) Subsection (5) does not apply in respect of regulations that may be made under subsection (1) relating to indications of the stan­ dard of fineness of articles of precious metal.
51.—(1) A trader who supplies a product in contravention of a regulation under section 50(1) commits an offence.
(2) If an advertisement fails to comply with any requirement of a regulation under section 50(2), any trader who publishes the adver­ tisement or causes it to be published commits an offence.
(3) A trader who commits an offence under subsection (1) or (2) is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
Chapter 3

Aggressive Commercial Practices

52.—A trader shall not engage in an aggressive commercial practice.

53.—(1) A commercial practice is aggressive if by harassment, coercion or undue influence it would be likely to—

(a) cause significant impairment of the average consumer’s freedom of choice or conduct in relation to the product concerned, and
(b) cause the average consumer to make a transactional decision that the average consumer would not otherwise make.
(2) In determining whether a commercial practice is aggressive under subsection (1), the commercial practice shall be considered in its factual context, taking account of all of its features and the cir­ cumstances.
(3) Without limiting subsection (2), in determining whether the commercial practice employs harassment, coercion or undue influ­ ence, the following shall be taken into account:
(a) the timing, location, nature or persistence of the commer­
cial practice;
(b) the use of threatening or abusive language or behaviour by the trader;
(c) the exploitation of a consumer’s misfortune or circum­ stance when the trader is aware that the consumer’s judgment is impaired as a result of the gravity of the mis­ fortune or circumstance, in order to influence the con­ sumer’s transactional decision;
(d) the imposition of onerous or disproportionate non-con­ tractual barriers by the trader when the consumer wishes to terminate the contract, exercise a contractual right or switch to another product or trader;
(e) the use of threats by the trader to—

Offences: contravening consumer information regulations.

General prohibition on aggressive commercial practices.

Aggressive commercial practices.

49

Pt.3 S.53 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(i) take action or initiate proceedings against the con­ sumer when the trader has no legal basis for taking such action or initiating such proceedings, or
(ii) do something unlawful.
(4) In this section, “undue influence” means exploiting a position of power in relation to a consumer so as to apply pressure (without necessarily using or threatening to use physical force) in a way that significantly limits the consumer’s ability to make an informed choice in relation to the trader’s product.

Offence: aggressive commercial practices.

Prohibited commercial practices.

54.—A trader who engages in any aggressive commercial practice described in section 53(1) commits an offence and is liable on convic­ tion on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
Chapter 4

Prohibited Commercial Practices

55.—(1) A trader shall not engage in any of the following com­

mercial practices:
(a) a representation that the trader has an approval, authoris­ ation or endorsement that the trader does not have, or making such a representation when the trader is not in compliance with that approval, authorisation or endorsement;
(b) a representation that the trader is signatory to a code of practice, if the trader is not;
(c) a representation that the trader is about to cease trading or move premises, if the trader is not;
(d) a representation that a product has an approval, authoris­ ation or endorsement that it does not have, or making such a representation when the trader is not in com­ pliance with that approval, authorisation or endorsement;
(e) a representation that a product is able to facilitate winning in games of chance;
(f) a representation that supply of a product is legal, if it is not, or creating such an impression;
(g) a representation that a product is able to cure an illness, dysfunction or malformation, if it cannot;
(h) a representation that describes a product as “gratis”, “free”, “without charge” or anything similar, if a con­ sumer has to pay anything other than the necessary and reasonable cost of—
(i) responding to the representation, and
(ii) collecting the product or having it delivered;
(i) a representation that a commercial practice of the trader has an approval, authorisation or endorsement that it
50

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.55

does not have, or making such a representation when the trader is not in compliance with the approval, authoris­ ation or endorsement;
(j) a representation that a code of practice has an approval or other endorsement that it does not have;
(k) displaying a quality, standard or trust mark or symbol, or some equivalent type of mark or symbol, without having obtained necessary authorisation to do so;
(l) making an invitation to purchase a product without dis­ closing the existence of any reasonable grounds the trader may have for believing that the trader will not be able to supply, or procure another trader to supply, the product or an equivalent product at the price specified in the invitation, or to do so for a reasonable period of time or in reasonable quantities, having regard to the scale of any marketing or advertising of the product and the price specified (bait advertising);
(m) making an invitation to purchase a product, then—
(i) demonstrating a defective sample of the product, or
(ii) refusing to—
(I) show or display the product to the consumer,
(II) take an order from the consumer for the prod­
uct, or
(III) deliver the product to the consumer within a reasonable period of time,
with the intention of promoting a different product (bait and switch);
(n) making a false representation that a product is available only for a limited time, or on particular terms for a lim­ ited time, in order to elicit an immediate decision from a consumer, depriving the consumer of sufficient oppor­ tunity or time to make an informed choice in relation to the trader’s product;
(o) subject to subsection (2), providing after-supply service to a consumer in a language that is not an official language of the relevant State in which the trader is located, nor is it the language in which the trader and consumer com­ municated prior to the agreement to supply;
(p) making a representation or creating an impression that a right given to consumers under an enactment is a distinc­ tive feature of the trader’s promotion or supply;
(q) using editorial content in the media to promote a product (if a trader has paid for that promotion) if it is not made clear that the promotion is a paid promotion, whether in the content itself or in any oral, written, visual or descrip­ tive representation in the promotion;
(r) making a representation to a consumer that is materially inaccurate in respect of the nature and extent of risk to
51

Pt.3 S.55 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

the consumer’s personal security, or that of other members of the consumer’s household, if the consumer does not purchase the trader’s product;
(s) promoting a product (similar to that of another manufacturer) in such a manner as to deliberately mis­ lead or deceive a consumer into thinking that the product is manufactured by that manufacturer, when it is not;
(t) making a representation to a consumer that is inaccurate to a material degree in respect of market conditions, or in respect of the possibility of finding a product, with the intention of inducing the consumer to purchase a product at conditions less favourable than normal market conditions;
(u) operating, running or promoting a competition or prize promotion without awarding the prizes described or reasonable equivalents;
(v) making a representation or creating an impression that a consumer has won or will win a prize or other equivalent benefit, if—
(i) there is no prize or equivalent benefit, or
(ii) in claiming the prize, the consumer has to make a pay­
ment or incur a loss;
(w) including in marketing material an invoice or any similar document seeking payment from a consumer for a prod­ uct that the consumer has not ordered;
(x) making a representation or creating an impression that the trader—
(i) is not acting for purposes related to the trader’s trade, business or profession, when the trader is so acting, or
(ii) is acting as a consumer, when the trader is not;
(y) making a representation or creating an impression that after-supply service in relation to a product is available in a relevant State other than the one in which the prod­ uct is supplied, when it is not so available.
(2) Subsection (1)(o) does not apply in either of the following cases:
(a) prior to the agreement to supply, the trader clearly dis­ closes to the consumer the language or languages in which the after-supply service is available;
(b) the primary language in which the trader and consumer communicated prior to the agreement to supply is the official language of the relevant State in which the trader is located but is not the official language of the relevant State of the consumer.
(3) A trader shall not engage in any of the following commercial practices:
52

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.55

(a) making a representation or creating an impression that a consumer cannot leave the premises until a contract is formed;
(b) failing to comply with a consumer’s request to leave the consumer’s residence or to not return (except in circum­ stances and to the extent justified or permitted by or under law in order to enforce a contractual obligation);
(c) persistently failing to comply with a consumer’s request to cease—
(i) communicating or initiating unwanted or unsolicited contact with, or
(ii) making or sending unwanted or unsolicited represen­
tations to,
the consumer by telephone, fax, email or any other elec­ tronic means or remote media (except in circumstances and to the extent justified or permitted by or under law in order to enforce a contractual obligation);
(d) in relation to a consumer’s claim on an insurance policy, doing either or both of the following:
(i) requiring the consumer to produce documents irrel­
evant to the validity of the claim;
(ii) persistently failing to respond to the consumer’s cor­ respondence on the matter, in order to dissuade the consumer from exercising contractual rights in respect of that claim;
(e) including in an advertisement a direct exhortation to chil­
dren to—
(i) purchase a product, or
(ii) persuade a parent or adult to purchase the product for them;
(f) in relation to any product that a consumer does not solicit, demanding that the consumer—
(i) make immediate or deferred payment for the prod­
uct, or
(ii) return or keep the product safe;
(g) explicitly informing a consumer that if the consumer does not purchase a product, the trader’s job or livelihood will be in jeopardy.
(4) Subsection (3)(f) does not apply in respect of a product pro­ vided by a trader in accordance with Regulation 9(3) of the Euro­ pean Communities (Protection of Consumers in Respect of Con­ tracts Made by Means of Distance Communication) Regulations
2001 (S.I. No. 207 of 2001).
53

Pt.3 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Offence: prohibited commercial practices.

Price display regulations.

Offence: price display contraventions.

Offence: weighing facilities in grocery retail.

56.—A trader who contravenes section 55(1) or (3) commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.

57.—(1) If the Minister considers it to be in the interest of con­ sumers, the Minister may make regulations requiring traders who supply a product, or a class or type of product, to display the price or charge to consumers of or for those products in any manner or form specified in the regulations.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1), a regulation under this section may—
(a) require prices or charges, or any combination of prices and charges, to be displayed in a single amount and inclusive of any charges, fees or taxes payable,
(b) require the price or charge display, or combined price and charge display, to state the range of prices or charges for the products, and
(c) prohibit the supply of the products to consumers at any price greater than the price or charge so displayed.
(3) The Minister may make different regulations under this section for different classes or types of products or traders.
(4) A regulation made under this section may apply to the whole
State or to a prescribed geographical area of the State.
(5) This section is in addition to section 49 (respecting certain sur­
charges being stated as part of price).
58.—A trader who contravenes a regulation under section 57 com­ mits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.

59.—(1) In this section, “grocery retailer” means a trader who is a retailer within the meaning of section 15A of the Competition Act 2002.

(2) A grocery retailer who offers food for sale to consumers by weight (other than food packed for sale by its manufacturer or pro­ ducer or by the person who supplied it for sale) shall—
(a) provide a weighing scale, or weighing machine, that—
(i) is in a public and prominent position on the premises where that food is sold, and
(ii) subject to health and food safety considerations, is as near as reasonably possible to where that food is on display for sale,
and
(b) allow any person purchasing, or about to purchase, such food to weigh it or observe its weighing on the weighing scale or weighing machine in a manner that allows the
54

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.3 S.59

person to see the reading of the weight provided by the scale or machine and to be informed of the resultant price before payment.
(3) A grocery retailer who contravenes subsection (2)(a) or (b) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.

60.—(1) A trader shall not, without reasonable cause, prevent a person from, or obstruct or interfere with that person in—

(a) reading the prices displayed on or in relation to products supplied by the trader, or
(b) entering premises for purposes described in paragraph (a), if those premises are where the trader supplies those products.
(2) A trader who contravenes subsection (1)(a) or (b) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.

61.—(1) If the Government are of the opinion that abnormal cir­ cumstances prevail or are likely to prevail in relation to the supply of a product, the Government may by order (“emergency order”) declare that a state of emergency affecting the supply of that prod­ uct exists.

(2) An emergency order may relate to one or more products and may define the products in such manner as the Government think fit.
(3) Unless the term of an emergency order is extended under sub­

section (4) or (5) or the order is revoked, an emergency order—

(a) remains in force for such term (not exceeding 6 months from the date that the order is made) that the Govern­ ment think proper and specify in the order, and
(b) expires at the end of the last day of the term specified.
(4) Subject to subsection (5), if an emergency order is in force (“principal order”) and the Government are of the opinion that abnormal circumstances continue to prevail in relation to the supply of a product to which the order relates, the Government may make one order (“extension order”) in relation to that product extending the term of the principal order as it relates to that product for a period not exceeding 6 months from the date that the extension order is made.
(5) If during the extended term under subsection (4), the Govern­ ment are of the opinion that abnormal circumstances continue to prevail in relation to the supply of the product to which the extension order relates, the Government may make only one more order (“final extension order”) in relation to that product extending the term of the principal order as it relates to that product for a period not exceeding 6 months from the date that the final extension order is made.

Offence: preventing the reading of prices.

State of emergency affecting supply of a product.

55

Pt.3 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Power to fix maximum prices during state of emergency.

Offence: contravening maximum price orders.

Definition (Part 4).

62.—(1) If an emergency order is in force in respect of a product under section 61, the Government may by order fix the maximum price at which that product may be supplied by a trader to consumers.
(2) An order under subsection (1) may—
(a) limit the application of the order to a class or type of the product,
(b) specify conditions by reference to which a maximum price is fixed and may fix different maximum prices in relation to different conditions,
(c) apply to the whole State, to a particular geographical area in the State, or to the supply of the product by a part­ icular class or type of trader,
(d) fix a maximum price by specifying it or by specifying the manner in which it is to be calculated, and
(e) provide for any incidental or ancillary matter (including a requirement that the product to which the order relates shall be sold only in specified units of weight, measure or volume) that the Government consider necessary or expedient to give full effect to any provision of the order or to secure compliance with it.
(3) Unless previously revoked, an order made under this section expires on the expiration of the emergency order in respect of which it is made.
63.—A trader who contravenes an order made under section 62 commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
PART 4
Pyramid Promotional Schemes

64.—(1) In this Part, “pyramid promotional scheme” means a scheme by which a person gives consideration in money or money’s worth, or gives a gift in money or money’s worth, for an opportunity to receive compensation derived primarily from the introduction of other persons into the scheme rather than from the supply or con­ sumption of a product.

(2) The following apply in respect of subsection (1):
(a) the opportunity to receive compensation need not be lim­ ited to the person’s introduction of other persons into the scheme but may include their introduction by other persons;
(b) the scheme may but need not involve the supply of a product.
56

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.4

65.—(1) A person shall not—

(a) establish, operate or promote a pyramid promotional scheme,
(b) knowingly participate in such a scheme, or
(c) induce or attempt to induce another person to participate in such a scheme.
(2) A person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence. (3) In proceedings for an offence under this section or for a pro­
hibition order under section 71, it shall not be necessary for the pros­
ecution or the applicant, as the case may be, to prove—
(a) that the opportunity to receive compensation was a legally enforceable right,
(b) that the consideration or gift given, as the case may be, was given within the State,
(c) that giving consideration or a gift was the only require­
ment a person had to satisfy in order to—
(i) participate or be eligible to participate in the scheme, or
(ii) be eligible or have opportunity to receive compen­
sation under the scheme,
(d) that any compensation received was received within the
State,
(e) that any opportunity to receive compensation was to be a receipt of such compensation within the State, or
(f) that any arrangements under the scheme were recorded in writing.
(4) If, in proceedings for an offence under this section or for a prohibition order under section 71, the alleged pyramid promotional scheme involves the supply of a product, then the following may be considered (among other things) in determining whether the oppor­ tunity to receive compensation is derived primarily from the intro­ duction of other persons into the scheme:
(a) in respect of a promotion of the scheme, the emphasis given to a participant’s entitlement to the product, as compared to the emphasis given to compensation derived from the introduction of other persons into the scheme;
(b) the extent to which the consideration given bears a reason­ able relationship to the product, by reference to the price of the same or a comparable product available elsewhere.
(5) A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on conviction on indictment to the fines and penalties provided in Chap­ ter 4 of Part 5.

Indictable offence: participating in, establishing, operating or promoting pyramid promotional schemes.

57

Pt.4 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Pyramid

promotional scheme agreements void.

Definition (Part 5).

Presumption respecting representations.

Advertisers.

66.—(1) An agreement between a scheme promoter and another person is, to the extent it requires or provides for payment of money or money’s worth in respect of a pyramid promotional scheme, void and has no effect, and no action lies in any court for the recovery of such money or money’s worth under or pursuant to such agreement.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a “scheme promoter” means a person who establishes, operates or promotes a pyramid promotional scheme or who induces or attempts to induce others to participate in such a scheme, and includes any person acting on a scheme promoter’s behalf.
PART 5
Proceedings, Remedies and Penalties
Chapter 1

Interpretation and General Matters related to Proceedings

67.—In this Part “prohibited act or practice” means any of the following:

(a) any unfair, misleading or aggressive commercial practice under Part 3;
(b) any contravention of section 48(3) or 49(1);
(c) any contravention of section 55(1) or (3), 59(2) or 60(1); (d) any contravention of section 65(1);
(e) any contravention of a regulation under section 50 or 57
or an order referred to in section 92;
(f) any contravention of an order under section 62(1),
but subject to the exclusion of one or more of the foregoing pro­
visions provided for in section 71, 73, 74 or 75.

68.—If, in any proceedings under this Act, the truth of a factual claim in a representation is an issue and the trader who made the representation, or on whose behalf the representation was made, does not establish on the balance of probabilities that it is true, then the representation shall be presumed to be untrue.

69.—(1) In this section:

“advertiser” means a person who publishes advertisements; “contravening advertisement” means—
(a) an unfair, misleading or aggressive commercial practice in the form of an advertisement, or
(b) an advertisement that is—
(i) a prohibited commercial practice under section 55(1)
or (3),
58

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.69 (ii) in contravention of section 49(1), or

(iii) in contravention of a regulation under section 50(2).
(2) An advertiser who publishes a contravening advertisement on behalf of a trader does not commit an offence under section 47, 49(3),

51(2) or 56 and is not liable under section 74 (respecting consumer’s right of action for damages) if the advertiser proves that the adver­ tiser did not know and had no reason to suspect that its publication would be in contravention of section 41(1), 42, 49(1), 50(2), 51(2),

52, 54, 55(1) or (3) or 56.

(3) An advertiser who accepts or agrees to publish an advertise­
ment for a trader shall—
(a) make a record of the name and address of that trader, and
(b) keep that record for not less than 2 years from the last day on which the advertisement is published.
(4) An advertiser who contravenes subsection (3) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4.

70.—(1) If, in relation to a commercial practice of a trader, the trader commits an offence under this Act and its commission is due to the act or default of another person, that other person shall also be guilty of an offence and may be charged with and convicted of it whether or not proceedings for an offence are brought against the trader.

(2) A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on conviction to the same range of fines and penalties provided in Chap­ ter 4 that the trader referred to in subsection (1) is or would be liable in respect of that offence.
Chapter 2

Civil Proceedings

71.—(1) In this section “prohibited act or practice” does not include a contravention of section 59(2) (respecting weighing facili­ ties in grocery retail) or section 60(1) (respecting preventing the reading of prices).
(2) Any person, including the Agency or any other public body that is prescribed for the purposes of this subsection, may apply to the Circuit Court or High Court for an order prohibiting a trader or person from committing or engaging in a prohibited act or practice.
(3) An application under subsection (2) shall be on notice to— (a) the trader or person against whom the order is sought, and (b) the Agency, if the applicant is not the Agency.
(4) In determining an application under this section, the court shall consider all interests involved and, in particular, the public interest.

Offence of trader due to act or default of another person.

Civil relief by way of prohibition orders.

59

Pt.5 S.71 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(5) If the applicant for an order under this section is not the Agency, the court may not make the order unless the Agency has been afforded an opportunity to be heard and adduce evidence.
(6) If the court considers it necessary or appropriate in the cir­ cumstances, taking into account all interests involved and, in part­ icular, the public interest, the court may make an order under this section without proof of any actual loss or damage or of any intention or negligence on the part of the trader.
(7) In making an order under this section, the court may impose terms or conditions in the order that the court considers appropriate, including a requirement that the trader or person publish a corrective statement, at the trader’s or person’s own expense and in any manner the court considers appropriate, in respect of the matters the subject of the order.
(8) An application under this section to the Circuit Court shall be made to the judge of the Circuit Court for the circuit in which the prohibited act or practice concerned is being committed or engaged in.
(9) The Circuit Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and deter­ mine an application under this section which it is satisfied it is appro­ priate for it to deal with as a court of local and limited jurisdiction and, for the purpose of the court’s satisfying itself of that matter, the matters to which it shall have regard include—
(a) the nature and extent of the prohibited act or practice con­
cerned, and
(b) the estimated cost of complying with the order to which the application relates.
(10) If, in relation to an application under this section to the Cir­ cuit Court, that court becomes of the opinion, during the hearing of the application, that it is not appropriate for the Circuit Court to deal with the application, it may, if it so thinks fit, transfer the appli­ cation to the High Court.
(11) Subsection (10) is without prejudice to the jurisdiction of the Circuit Court to determine an application under this section which, at the time of the making of the application, it was satisfied it had jurisdiction to deal with.
(12) Where an application is transferred under subsection (10) to the High Court, the High Court shall be deemed to have made any order of a procedural nature that was made by the court from which it is so transferred in the proceedings in relation to the application.
(13) A trader commits an offence who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with an order under this section and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4.

Prohibition orders against code owners.

72.—(1) In this section, “code owner” means, in relation to a code of practice, any person responsible for formulating or revising the code or for monitoring compliance by those traders who agree, com­ mit or undertake to abide or be bound by it.

(2) If a code of practice or its code owner promotes any pro­
hibited act or practice, the Agency may apply to the Circuit Court
60

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.72

or High Court for an order prohibiting the code owner from such promotion or requiring the code owner to withdraw the code or amend it as the court considers necessary to prevent such promotion.
(3) An application under subsection (2) shall be on notice to the code owner.
(4) In determining an application under this section, the court shall consider all interests involved and, in particular, the public interest.
(5) In making an order under subsection (2), the court may impose terms or conditions in the order that the court considers appropriate.
(6) Subsections (8) to (12) of section 71 apply to an application under this section as they apply to an application under that section with the following modifications—
(a) the substitution in subsection (8) of “in which the code owner is promoting the prohibited act or practice con­ cerned or in which the code owner resides or carries on any business or profession” for “in which the prohibited act or practice concerned is being committed or engaged in”, and
(b) the substitution in subsection (9) of the following para­
graph for paragraph (a):
“(a) the nature and extent of the prohibited act or practice being promoted by the code of prac­ tice concerned or its code owner,”.
(7) A code owner commits an offence who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with an order under this section and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4.
73.—(1) In this section “prohibited act or practice” does not include a contravention of section 59(2) (respecting weighing facili­ ties in grocery retail) or section 60(1) (respecting preventing the reading of prices).
(2) If the Agency has reason to believe that a trader—
(a) is committing or engaging in a prohibited act or practice, (b) is about to commit or engage in a prohibited act or prac­
tice, or
(c) has committed or engaged in a prohibited act or practice, the Agency may accept from the trader a written undertaking that is
signed by the trader in the form and which contains the terms and conditions the Agency determines are appropriate in the cir­ cumstances.
(3) If the Agency accepts an undertaking from a trader under this section, the Agency shall publish the undertaking, or cause it to be published, in any form or manner the Agency considers appropriate.

Undertakings with the Agency.

61

Pt.5 S.73 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(4) Without limiting subsection (2), the undertaking may include one or more of the following terms and conditions:
(a) an undertaking to comply with the provision or provisions concerned of this Act or regulations under this Act;
(b) an undertaking to refrain from committing or engaging in any act or practice;
(c) an undertaking to compensate consumers or a class of con­ sumers, including reimbursing any money or returning any other property or thing received from consumers in connection with a consumer transaction;
(d) an undertaking to publish or cause to be published, at the trader’s expense, an advertisement containing a correc­ tive statement relating to the prohibited act or practice.
(5) If the trader under subsection (2) is a body corporate, the undertaking shall be signed by a director, manager, secretary or other officer of the trader.
(6) The Agency may terminate proceeding against a trader under section 71 (respecting civil relief by way of prohibition orders) on the acceptance of an undertaking from the trader.
(7) Despite subsection (6), the Agency may apply for an order against a trader under section 71 if the trader fails to comply with the terms and conditions of an undertaking under this section.
(8) Subsections (2) to (5) shall, with the following modifications and any other necessary modifications, apply in respect of any trader the Agency has reason to believe is contravening, is about to contra­ vene or has contravened an enactment specified in Schedule 4, namely, the modifications that—
(a) references in those subsections to a prohibited act or prac­ tice shall be read as references to a contravention of an enactment specified in that Schedule, and
(b) the reference in subsection (4)(a) to the provision or pro­ visions concerned of this Act or regulations under this Act shall be read as a reference to the provision or pro­ visions concerned of that enactment.
(9) If compensation is paid to a consumer pursuant to an under­ taking referred to in subsection (4)(c) and the consumer subsequently commences an action under section 74 and is awarded damages by the court in respect of the same prohibited act or practice, the com­ pensation paid under the undertaking is deemed to be in satisfaction of so much of the awarded damages as is equal to the amount paid to the consumer under that undertaking.

Consumer’s right of action for damages.

74.—(1) In this section, “prohibited act or practice” does not include—

(a) a misleading commercial practice described in section 45, or
(b) a contravention of section 65(1) (respecting pyramid pro­
motional schemes).
62

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.74

(2) A consumer who is aggrieved by a prohibited act or practice shall have a right of action for relief by way of damages, including exemplary damages, against the following:
(a) any trader who commits or engages in the prohibited act or practice;
(b) if such trader is a body corporate, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the trader, or a person who purported to act in any such capacity, who authorised or consented to the doing of the act or the engaging in of the practice.
(3) Subject to subsection (4), an action under this section may be brought in the District Court, the Circuit Court or the High Court and such a court may, in that action, award such damages as the court considers appropriate, including exemplary damages.
(4) If the action is brought in the District Court or the Circuit Court, any relief by way of damages, including exemplary damages, shall not, except by consent of the necessary parties in such form as may be provided for by rules of court, be in excess of the limit of jurisdiction of the District Court or the Circuit Court, as the case may be, in an action founded on tort.
(5) Where in an action under this section it is proved that the act or practice complained of was done or engaged in by a body corpor­ ate it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that each (if any) director of the body and person employed by it whose duties included making decisions that, to a significant extent, could have affected the management of the body, and any other person who purported to act in any such capacity at the material time, consented to the doing of that act or the engaging in of that practice.
Chapter 3

Compliance Notices

75.—(1) In this section “prohibited act or practice” does not include a contravention of a regulation under section 57 (respecting price display regulations).
(2) An authorised officer who is of the opinion that a person is committing or engaging in, or has committed or engaged in, a pro­ hibited act or practice or is contravening or has contravened an enactment specified in Schedule 5 may serve, personally or by post, a written notice on that person (a “compliance notice”).
(3) A compliance notice shall be signed and dated by the author­
ised officer and shall—
(a) contain a statement of the alleged contravention (identifying the relevant enactment), the opinion referred to in subsection (2) and the reasons for that opinion,
(b) direct the person to remedy the contravention or the matters occasioning that notice, including any other requirement that the authorised officer considers appro­ priate in order to remedy the contravention or matter (the “compliance direction and requirements”),

Compliance notices.

63

Pt.5 S.75 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(c) specify the date by which the person is to comply with the compliance direction and requirements,
(d) contain a statement that the person may appeal the notice to the District Court within 14 days after service of the notice, including information specifying—
(i) the form and manner of such an appeal, and
(ii) the service address of the Agency for purposes of notifying the Agency under subsection (6),
and
(e) contain a statement that, if an appeal is not made in accordance with this section and within the time specified in paragraph (d), then—
(i) the notice will be treated as not disputed,
(ii) the person will be deemed to have accepted the notice and have agreed to comply with the compliance direction and requirements, and
(iii) any failure or refusal to so comply is an offence and, on summary conviction, the person will be liable to the fine and penalties set out in Chapter 4.
(4) The date specified under subsection (3)(c) shall not be earlier than the end of the period within which an appeal may be made under subsection (5).
(5) If the person on whom the compliance notice is served wishes to dispute the notice, the person may, no later than 14 days after the notice is served and in accordance with this section and in the form and manner specified in the notice, appeal the notice to a judge of the District Court in the district court district in which the notice was served.
(6) A person who appeals under subsection (5) shall at the same time notify the Agency of the appeal and the grounds for the appeal and the Agency shall be entitled to appear, be heard and adduce evidence on the hearing of the appeal.
(7) In determining an appeal under this section, the judge may confirm, vary or cancel the compliance notice, if satisfied that it is reasonable to do so.
(8) If on appeal the compliance notice is not cancelled, the notice takes effect on the later of the following:
(a) the day after the day on which the notice is confirmed or varied on appeal;
(b) if the appeal is withdrawn by the appellant, the day after the day it is withdrawn;
(c) the day specified in the notice.
(9) If there is no appeal under subsection (5), the compliance notice takes effect on the later of the following:
(a) 14 days after the notice is served on the person;
64

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.75 (b) the day specified in the notice.

(10) An authorised officer may—
(a) withdraw a compliance notice at any time, or
(b) if no appeal is made or pending under subsection (5), extend the date specified in the notice under subsection (3)(c).
(11) A person commits an offence who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with a compliance direction or requirement specified in a compliance notice and, on summary conviction, is liable to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4.
(12) Withdrawal of a compliance notice under subsection (10) does not prevent the service of another compliance notice, whether in respect of the same matter or a different matter.
(13) If a compliance notice takes effect in accordance with this section, the Agency shall publish the compliance notice, or cause it to be published, in any form or manner the Agency considers appropriate.
(14) Nothing in this section prevents the commencement of pro­
ceedings for an offence.
Chapter 4

Criminal Proceedings

76.—Notwithstanding any provision in any enactment specifying the period within which proceedings may be commenced, a pros­ ecution for an offence under this Act may be brought at any time within 2 years after the date of the alleged commission of the offence.

77.—(1) If an offence under this Act is committed by a body cor­ porate and is proved to have been committed with the consent, con­ nivance or approval of, or to have been attributable to any neglect on the part of any person being a director, manager, secretary or any other officer of the body corporate or a person purporting to act in any such capacity, that person, as well as the body corporate, is guilty of an offence and is liable to be proceeded against and punished as if that person were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.

(2) If, in a prosecution for an offence against the person referred to in subsection (1), it is proved that, at the material time, the person was a director of the body corporate or an employee of it whose duties included making decisions that, to a significant extent, could have affected the management of the body corporate, or a person who purported to act in any such capacity, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that the person consented to the doing of the acts or defaults that constitute the offence.
(3) Subsection (2) shall be read as placing on the person referred to in that subsection an evidential burden only with respect to the matter or matters concerned.
(4) If the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members,

subsections (1) and (2) apply in relation to the acts or defaults of a

Time limit for instituting proceedings.

Liability for offences by bodies corporate.

65

Pt.5 S.77 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

member in connection with the member’s functions of management as if that member were a director or manager of the body corporate.
(5) If a body corporate commits an offence under this Act, an employee, officer, director or agent of the body corporate who auth­ orises, permits or acquiesces in the commission of the offence also commits an offence, whether or not the body corporate is prosecuted for the offence.
(6) In a prosecution for an offence under this Act, it is sufficient proof of the offence to establish that it was committed by an employee, officer, director or agent of the defendant, whether or not the employee, officer, director or agent is identified or has been prosecuted for the offence.
(7) Subsection (6) does not apply if the defendant establishes that the defendant exercised due diligence to prevent the commission of the offence.

Defence of due diligence.

Fines and penalties.

78.—(1) In proceedings for an offence under this Act, other than an offence under section 65(2), it is a defence for the accused to prove both of the following:
(a) commission of the offence was due to a mistake or the reliance on information supplied to the accused or to the act or default of another person, an accident or some other cause beyond the accused’s control;
(b) the accused exercised due diligence and took all reason­
able precautions to avoid commission of the offence.
(2) If the defence provided by subsection (1) involves the alle­ gation that the commission of the offence was due to reliance on information supplied by another person or to the act or default of another person, the accused shall not, without leave of the court, be entitled to rely on that defence unless, not less than 7 working days before the hearing, the accused has served on the prosecutor written notice providing information identifying or assisting in the identifi­ cation of that other person.
79.—(1) A person guilty of an offence under this Act (other than an offence under section 65(2)) is liable on summary conviction to the following fines and penalties:
(a) on a first summary conviction for any such offence, to a fine not exceeding \3,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or both;
(b) on any subsequent summary conviction for the same offence or any other offence under this Act (other than an offence under section 65(2)), to a fine not exceeding
\5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or both.
(2) If, after being convicted of an offence, the person referred to in subsection (1) continues to contravene the requirement or prohib­ ition to which the offence relates, the person is guilty of a further offence on each day that the contravention continues and for each such offence is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding \500.
66

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.79

(3) A person guilty of an offence under this Act (other than an offence under any of the excluded sections) is liable on conviction on indictment to the following fines and penalties:
(a) on a first conviction on indictment for any such offence, to a fine not exceeding \60,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 18 months or both;
(b) on any subsequent conviction on indictment for the same offence or any other offence under this Act (other than an offence under any of the excluded sections), to a fine not exceeding \100,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 24 months or both.
(4) In subsection (3) “excluded sections” means sections 30(11),

(12) and (15), 32(3), 48(5), 49(3), 51(1) and (2), 58, 59(3), 60(2),

65(2), 69(4), 75(11) and 101(5).

(5) If, after being convicted of an offence, the person referred to in subsection (3) continues to contravene the requirement or prohib­ ition to which the offence relates, the person is guilty of a further offence on each day that the contravention continues and for each such offence is liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding \500, and
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine not exceeding
\10,000.
(6) A person guilty of an offence under section 65(2) is liable on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding \150,000 or impris­ onment for a term not exceeding 5 years or both.
(7) If, after being convicted of an offence under section 65(2), a person continues to contravene section 65(1), the person is guilty of
a further offence on each day that the contravention continues and for each such offence is liable on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding \10,000.
(8) In considering an appropriate penalty under this section for a trader convicted of an offence under section 47, 51(2) or 56, the court may take into consideration any advertisement published by or on behalf of the trader containing corrective statements to remedy the prohibited act or practice in respect of which the trader is convicted.
(9) Section 13 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1967 applies in relation to an offence under this Act except that the following range of fines and penalties are to be substituted for those provided in section 13(3)(a) of the Criminal Procedure Act 1967:
(a) if it is a first conviction for an offence under this Act, the accused is liable to a fine not exceeding \3,000 or impris­ onment for a term not exceeding 6 months or both;
(b) if it is not a first conviction for an offence under this Act, the accused is liable to a fine not exceeding \5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or both.
67

Pt.5 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Convicted persons liable for costs and expenses of proceedings and investigation.

Convicted traders liable to compensate consumers for loss or damage.

80.—(1) On convicting a person of an offence under this Act, the court shall, unless satisfied that there are special and substantial reasons for not so doing, order the person to pay to the Agency the costs and expenses, measured by the court, incurred by the Agency in relation to the investigation, detection and prosecution of the offence.

(2) An order for costs and expenses under subsection (1) is in addition to and not instead of any fine or penalty the court may impose.
81.—(1) If a trader is convicted of an offence under this Act (other than an offence under section 65(2)), the Agency may, on behalf of an aggrieved consumer who consents to the application, apply to the court for an order (a “compensation order”) requiring the trader (the “trader concerned”) to pay an amount of money the court considers appropriate compensation in respect of any loss or damage to that consumer resulting from that offence.
(2) A compensation order may be instead of or in addition to any fine or penalty the court may impose on the trader concerned.
(3) The compensation payable under a compensation order—
(a) shall be of such amount as the court considers appropriate (though not exceeding the amount set by law as the limit of the court’s jurisdiction in tort), having regard to any evidence and to any submissions made by or on behalf of the trader concerned, the aggrieved consumer, the Agency or the prosecutor, and
(b) shall not exceed the amount of the damages that, in the opinion of the court, the aggrieved consumer would be entitled to recover in an action under section 74 (respecting a consumer’s right of action for damages) in respect of the same prohibited act or practice.
(4) An application shall not be made under subsection (1) if the aggrieved consumer has brought an action under section 74 against the trader concerned and the action is in respect of the same pro­ hibited act or practice for which the trader concerned is convicted.
(5) If the amount of compensation payable under a compensation order is paid to the aggrieved consumer under this section and the consumer subsequently commences an action under section 74 and is awarded damages by the court in respect of the same prohibited act or practice, the compensation order is deemed to be in satisfaction of so much of the awarded damages as is equal to the first-men­ tioned amount.
(6) If the trader concerned does not comply with a compen­
sation order—
(a) within the time ordered by the court, or
(b) within 30 days after the order is made, if no time is speci­
fied in the order,
the aggrieved consumer may enter judgment in the District Court or, as appropriate, the Circuit Court by filing the order with that court in the District Court district or, as appropriate, the circuit where the conviction was entered.
68

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.81

(7) A judgment entered in the District Court or the Circuit Court under subsection (6) is enforceable against the trader concerned in the same manner as if it were a judgment rendered in that court in civil proceedings.

82.—(1) This section applies to a person—

(a) convicted of an offence under section 47 (respecting mis­ leading commercial practices), 56 (respecting prohibited commercial practices) or 65(2) (respecting pyramid pro­ motional schemes), or
(b) convicted of such an offence pursuant to section 70(1) (respecting offences of traders due to act or default of another person).
(2) On conviction of the person to whom this section applies and on application of the Agency, the court may, in addition to any fine or penalty imposed, order the person to publish, at the person’s expense and in any manner the court considers appropriate, the facts relating to the commission of the offence and a corrective statement in respect of those facts.
(3) The court may, based on the submissions of the Agency in the application and as the court considers appropriate, specify the form and content of the corrective statement or give any directions in respect of the publication of that statement.

83.—(1) If a person is indicted for an offence under this Act, the

District Court may try the person summarily if—
(a) the court is of opinion that the facts proved or alleged constitute a minor offence fit to be tried summarily,
(b) the accused, on being informed by the court of his or her right to be tried with a jury, does not object to being tried summarily, and
(c) the Director of Public Prosecutions consents to the accused being tried summarily for the offence.
(2) On conviction by the court for an offence under section 65(2)
that is tried summarily under subsection (1), the following apply:
(a) the accused is liable to the following fines and penalties: (i) if it is a first conviction for an offence under this Act,
to a fine not exceeding \3,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or both;
(ii) if it is not a first conviction for an offence under this Act, to a fine not exceeding \5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or both;
(b) section 80 (respecting liability for costs and expenses of proceedings and investigation);
(c) section 82 (publication of a corrective statement).
(3) However, if after conviction referred to in subsection (2), the accused continues to contravene section 65(1), the accused is guilty

Court may order convicted person to publish corrective statement.

Summary trial of persons indicted.

69

Pt.5 S.83 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

of a further offence on each day that the contravention continues and for each such offence is liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding \500, and
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine not exceeding
\10,000.
(4) On conviction by the court for any offence that is tried sum­
marily under subsection (1) other than an offence under section

65(2), the following apply:

(a) the accused is liable to the fines and penalties described in

section 79(1) (respecting fines and penalties);

(b) section 80 (respecting liability for costs and expenses of proceedings and investigation);
(c) section 82 (publication of a corrective statement).

Agency may institute summary proceedings for offences.

Fixed payment notices for price display and product pricing offences.

84.—Summary proceedings for an offence under this Act, except an offence under section 65(2), may be brought and prosecuted by the Agency.
Chapter 5

Fixed Payment Notices

85.—(1) This section applies in respect of any offence under the following enactments (in this section referred to as a “relevant offence”):

(a) section 58 (respecting price display regulations);
(b) section 22(a) or (b) of the Prices Act 1958 (respecting price display orders);
(c) Regulation 4(3), 5(5), 6(3) or 7(2) of the European Com­ munities (Requirements to Indicate Product Prices) Regulations 2002 (S.I. No. 639 of 2002).
(2) An authorised officer who has reasonable grounds for believ­ ing that a person is committing, or has committed, a relevant offence may serve, personally or by post, the notice referred to in subsection (3) on the person.
(3) The notice (“fixed payment notice”) shall be in the prescribed form and state—
(a) that the person on whom it is served is alleged to have committed the relevant offence concerned,
(b) when and where it is alleged to have been committed,
(c) that a prosecution for it will not be instituted if, during the period of 28 days beginning on the date of the notice, the person pays the amount of \300 to the Agency (at the address stated in the notice) and submits the original or a copy of the fixed payment notice together with that payment, and
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.5 S.85

(d) that in default of such payment, the person will be pros­
ecuted for the alleged relevant offence.
(4) A payment referred to in subsection (3) shall be accompanied by the original or a copy of the fixed payment notice concerned.
(5) If a fixed payment notice is served on a person—
(a) the person may make a payment in accordance with sub­

section (3)(c),

(b) the Agency shall receive and retain the payment (subject to subsection (7)) and issue a receipt for it,
(c) any payment received shall not be recoverable by the per­
son who made it, and
(d) a prosecution in respect of the alleged relevant offence to which the notice relates shall not be instituted during the period specified in subsection (3)(c) or, if a payment is made in accordance with subsections (3)(c) and (4), at all.
(6) In proceedings against a person for a relevant offence it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that the person did not make payment in accordance with subsections (3)(c) and (4).
(7) Payments received by the Agency under this section shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer in such manner as the Minister for Finance directs.
Chapter 6

Publication of Trader Names (Consumer Protection List)

86.—(1) The Agency shall keep and maintain a list (the “con­ sumer protection list”) of names and addresses of the following per­ sons, together with a description of their trade, business or profession and the particulars described in subsection (2):
(a) any person on whom a fine or other penalty was imposed by a court under the relevant statutory provisions or who was required, by an order under section 81, to pay an amount of money to a consumer;
(b) any person against whom an order is made under section

71 (respecting civil relief by way of prohibition orders);

(c) any person who gives an undertaking to the Agency under

section 73;

(d) any person against whom a compliance notice takes effect under section 75(7) or (8) (respecting compliance notices);
(e) any person who makes payment to the Agency pursuant to a fixed payment notice under section 85.
(2) The consumer protection list shall specify, in relation to each person named in the list, any particulars the Agency considers appro­ priate in respect of the following:

Agency may publish information respecting certain persons.

71

Pt.5 S.86 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

(a) the matter occasioning any fine or penalty imposed on the person by the court and the amount or nature of that fine or penalty;
(b) the matter occasioning any order made by the court against the person and the nature of that order;
(c) the matter occasioning any undertaking given to the
Agency by the person under this Act;
(d) the matter occasioning any compliance notice served on the person under this Act;
(e) the matter occasioning any fixed payment notice under this Act.
(3) The Agency may, at any time and in any form or manner the Agency considers appropriate, publish or cause to be published all or any part of the consumer protection list.
PART 6
Miscellaneous

Protections for persons reporting breaches.

87.—(1) A person who, apart from this section, would be so liable shall not be liable in damages in respect of the communication, whether in writing or otherwise, by the person to the Agency of the person’s opinion that—

(a) an offence under any of the relevant statutory provisions has been or is being committed, or
(b) any of the relevant provisions that prohibits a person from doing a particular thing or things has not been or is not being complied with,
unless it is proved that the person has not acted reasonably and in good faith in forming that opinion and communicating it to the Agency.
(2) The reference in subsection (1) to liability in damages shall be construed as including a reference to liability to be the subject of an order providing for any other form of relief.
(3) An employer shall not penalise an employee for having for­ med an opinion of the kind referred to in subsection (1) and com­ municated it, whether in writing or otherwise, to the Agency if the employee has acted reasonably and in good faith in forming that opinion and communicating it to the Agency.
(4) Schedule 6 shall have effect for the purposes of subsection (3). (5) A person who states to the Agency that a person—
(a) has committed or is committing an offence under any of the relevant statutory provisions, or
(b) has failed or is failing to comply with any of the relevant statutory provisions,
72

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.6 S.87

knowing that statement to be false commits an offence and is liable on conviction on indictment or on summary conviction, as the case may be, to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(6) Subsection (1) is in addition to, and not in substitution for, any privilege or defence available in legal proceedings, by virtue of any enactment or rule of law in force immediately before the commence­ ment of this section, in respect of the communication by a person to another (whether that other person is the Agency or not) of an opinion of the kind referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of subsec­ tion (1).

88.—(1) Subject to this section, a person representing one or more traders may submit a code of practice to the Agency for its review or approval.

(2) The code of practice shall be submitted in the form and man­
ner specified by the Agency.
(3) The person submitting a code of practice for approval under this section shall provide the Agency with any information the Agency considers necessary or appropriate for the purposes of sub­ section (4).
(4) If satisfied that the code of practice protects consumer interests and is not inconsistent with this Act or any other enactment, the Agency may approve the code of practice.
(5) A code of practice approved by the Agency may not be amended without approval of the proposed amendments by the Agency and, for this purpose, subsections (3) and (4) apply with the necessary modifications.
(6) The approval by the Agency of a code of practice or any amendments to such code shall be in writing.
(7) The Agency may withdraw any approval under this section if the Agency is of the opinion that, in the implementation or operation of all or part of an approved code of practice or amendment to it, such code, part or amendment fails to protect consumer interests or is in any manner inconsistent with this Act or any other enactment.
(8) If—
(a) it is alleged that a trader who is a signatory to a code of practice with the approval of the Agency under this section has contravened this Act or a complaint is made to the Agency in relation to a commercial practice of that trader, and
(b) the approved code of practice referred to in paragraph (a) provides for procedures or a means of handling or con­ sidering such contraventions or complaints,
then the Agency may defer consideration of the complaint or the court may defer hearing an application for a prohibition order under section 71 (respecting prohibition orders) or an action for damages under section 74 (respecting a consumer’s right of action for damages) until the means or procedures referred to in paragraph (b) have been exhausted.

Voluntary submission of codes for Agency review and approval.

73

Pt.6 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Admissibility of codes of practice in proceedings.

Agency guidelines.

Saving for certain contracts.

Saving of current price display orders.

89.—In any proceedings before a court, a code of practice (whether approved under section 88 or not) is admissible in evidence and, if any provision of the code is relevant to a question arising in those proceedings, the provision may be taken into account in determining that question.

90.—(1) Subject to this section, the Agency may prepare, issue and publish guidelines applicable to traders, or persons representing traders, concerning any of the following:

(a) a matter of consumer welfare or protection;
(b) a matter of practical guidance to traders in relation to commercial practices, whether generally or in a particular trade, business or professional sector;
(c) the establishment, form and operation of quality assurance schemes referred to in section 8(2)(m);
(d) the form and manner of submitting codes of practice to the Agency for approval under section 88.
(2) Before issuing and publishing guidelines under this section, the Agency may prepare draft guidelines and consult with any per­ son, as the Agency considers appropriate.
(3) If satisfied that proposed or draft guidelines protect consumer interests, the Agency may issue the guidelines and shall cause them to be published in the manner the Agency considers appropriate for the purpose.
(4) Without limiting the generality of subsection (3), the Agency may publish a copy of guidelines issued by it under this section on the internet.
(5) In any proceedings before a court, guidelines issued and pub­ lished under this section are admissible in evidence and, if any pro­ vision of the guidelines is relevant to a question arising in those pro­ ceedings, the provision may be taken into account in determining that question.
(6) A failure on the part of any person to observe any provision of guidelines issued and published under this section shall not, of itself, render that person liable to any proceedings.
91.—Subject to section 66(1), a contract for the supply of any goods or the provision of any services shall not be void or unenforce­ able by reason only of a contravention of any provision of this Act.
92.—(1) Notwithstanding section 4 but subject to subsection (2), the following enactments made under section 19 of the Prices Act
1958 (before its repeal under this Act) remain in force for the pur­ poses of this Act and any provision (in particular, sections 2, 18, 19 and 22 to 28) of the Prices Act 1958 that is relevant to the enforce­ ment of those orders remain in force:
(a) Prices and Charges (Tax-inclusive Statements) Order 1973 (S.I. No. 9 of 1973);
74

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.6 S.92

(b) Charges (Hairdressing Display) Order 1976 (S.I. No. 156 of 1976);
(c) Retail Price (Food in Catering Establishments) Display
Order 1984 (S.I. No. 213 of 1984);
(d) Retail Price (Diesel and Petrol) Display Order 1997 (S.I.
No. 178 of 1997);
(e) Retail Price (Beverages in Licensed Premises) Display
Order 1999 (S.I. No. 263 of 1999).
(2) The Minister may by regulation amend or revoke any order referred to in subsection (1).
93.—(1) Despite section 4, the following enactments made under section 11 of the Consumer Information Act 1978 (before its repeal by this Act) remain in force and are deemed to have been made as regulations by the Minister under section 50(2) until any such enact­ ment is revoked, substituted by regulation of the Minister under section 50(2) or otherwise ceases to have effect:
(a) Consumer Information (Advertisements) (Disclosure of
Business Interests) Order 1984 (S.I. No. 168 of 1984);
(b) Consumer Information (Advertisements for Concert or
Theatre Performances) Order 1997 (S.I. No. 103 of 1997);
(c) Consumer Information (Advertisements for Airfares) Order 2000 (S.I. No. 468 of 2000).
(2) Section 3(2) does not apply to the enactments referred to in

subsection (1)(a) to (c).

(3) For certainty, section 26 of the Interpretation Act 2005 applies in respect of the repeal of section 11 of the Consumer Information Act 1978 and its substitution by the provisions of section 50 and, for this purpose, the enactments specified in subsection (1) are conclus­ ively deemed to be consistent with and validly enacted under section 50.
(4) For certainty, the references in sections 51(2) and 69(1) (in paragraph (b)(iii) of the definition of “contravening advertisement”) to a regulation under section 50(2) include any enactment referred to in subsection (1)(a) to (c).

94.—(1) In this section “Act of 1942” means the Central Bank Act 1942, as amended by, amongst other enactments, the Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland Act 2003 and the Central Bank and Financial Services Authority of Ireland Act 2004.

(2) Section 2(1) of the Act of 1942 is amended by inserting, before the definition of “Appeals Tribunal”, the following:
“ ‘Agency’ means the National Consumer Agency established by the Consumer Protection Act 2007;”.
(3) Section 5A of the Act of 1942 is amended by inserting the following subsections after subsection (3):

Transitional.

Amendment of

Central Bank Act

1942.

75

Pt.6 S.94 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

“(3A) The functions of the Agency specified in subsection (3B) are, in so far as they relate to a financial service provided by a regulated financial service provider, also functions of the Bank and subsections (3C) to (3F) have effect for the purposes of this subsection.
(3B) The functions of the Agency referred to in subsection (3A) are the following functions of it under the Consumer Pro­ tection Act 2007, namely, functions under—
(a) section 8(1), (4), (5) and (6) of that Act in relation to—
(i) sections 41 to 56 (other than section 50) of that
Act, and
(ii) the European Communities (Unfair Terms in
Consumer Contracts) Regulations 1995 and
2000 (S.I. No. 27 of 1995 and S.I. No. 307 of
2000),
and
(b) sections 30, 71, 72, 73, 75, 81, 82, 84, 86, 88 and 90 of that Act.
(3C) Subsection (3A) operates to vest in the Bank, concur­ rently with the vesting in the Agency of those functions by the Consumer Protection Act 2007, the functions specified in subsec­ tion (3B).
(3D) Accordingly—
(a) the functions so specified are, subject to any relevant co-operation agreement entered into under section

21 of the Consumer Protection Act 2007, capable of being performed by either the Agency or the Bank, and

(b) subject to subsection (3F), references to the Agency in the provisions of that Act specified in subsection (3B) are to be read as including references to the Bank and those provisions otherwise apply.
(3E) Subject to subsection (3F), sections 80, 85 and 87 of the Consumer Protection Act 2007 apply to the Bank as they apply to the Agency and, accordingly, references to the Agency in those sections are to be read as including references to the Bank.
(3F) Where any section of the Consumer Protection Act 2007 specified in subsection (3B) or (3E) provides for anything to be done in relation to the Agency (whether the giving of notice to it, the submitting of a thing to it or the doing of any other thing) then, if a co-operation agreement entered into under section 21 of that Act so specifies, it is sufficient compliance with the section concerned if the thing is done in relation to the Agency or the Bank as is specified in that agreement.”.
(4) Section 33S(2) of the Act of 1942 is amended by substituting the following paragraph for paragraph (f):
“(f) the Consumer Protection Act 2007;
76

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.6 S.94

(g) the European Communities (Unfair Terms in Con­ sumer Contracts) Regulations 1995 and 2000 (S.I. No. 27 of 1995 and S.I. No. 307 of 2000);
(h) such other enactments and statutory instruments as are specified in the regulations.”.
(5) Section 33AK(3) of the Act of 1942 is amended, in paragraph
(a), by inserting the following subparagraph after subparagraph (iv):
“(iva) the National Consumer Agency, or”. (6) Schedule 2 to the Act of 1942 is amended—
(a) in Part 1, by inserting the following item after the item relating to the Investment Funds, Companies and Miscel­ laneous Provisions Act 2006:

“

No. - of 2007 Consumer Protec­

tion Act 2007

The whole Act

”,
and
(b) in Part 2—
(i) by inserting the following item after the item relating to the European Communities (Life Assurance) Framework Regulations 1994 (S.I. No. 360 of 1994):

“

S.I. No. 27 of 1995 European Com- The whole instrument munities (Unfair

Terms in Con­ sumer Contracts) Regulations 1995

”, and
(ii) by inserting the following item after the item relating to the European Communities (Supplementary Supervision of Insurance Undertakings in an Insurance Group) Regulations 1999 (S.I. No. 399 of
1999):
“

.”.

95.—Section 6 of the Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act Amendment of Sale

1980 is amended by substituting the following subsections for subsec­ of Goods and
tion (2):
77

Supply of Services

Act 1980.

Pt.6 S.95 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

“(2) If an offence under this Act is committed by a body cor­ porate and is proved to have been committed with the consent, connivance or approval of, or to have been attributable to any neglect on the part of any person being a director, manager, secretary or any other officer of the body corporate or a person purporting to act in any such capacity, that person, as well as the body corporate, is guilty of an offence and is liable to be proceeded against and punished as if that person were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.
(3) If, in a prosecution for an offence against the person referred to in subsection (2), it is proved that, at the material time, the person was a director of the body corporate or an employee of it whose duties included making decisions that, to a significant extent, could have affected the management of the body corporate, or a person who purported to act in any such capacity, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that the person consented to the doing of the acts or defaults that constitute the offence.
(4) Subsection (3) shall be read as placing on the person referred to in that subsection an evidential burden only with respect to the matter or matters concerned.
(5) If the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsections (2) and (3) apply in relation to the acts or defaults of a member in connection with the member’s functions of management as if that member were a director or manager of the body corporate.”.

Saving for other rights person may have.

Amendment of Industrial Development Act

1993.

96.—This Act shall not affect any rights which a person may have under any other enactment or under any rule of law.

97.—The following section is inserted after section 9 of the Indus­

trial Development Act 1993:

“Validation of

9A.—(1) In this section ‘relevant assignment’

assignment of means the assignment by Forfa´ s with the approval

powers and of the Minister on 26 May 2006 under section 9(2) functions. to the Industrial Development Agency (Ireland), Enterprise Ireland and Shannon Free Airport

Development Company Limited of the power to make employment grants under section 25 of the Industrial Development Act 1986.
(2) The relevant assignment shall be deemed to have come into operation on 25 July 2003.
(3) Nothing in this section shall affect any pro­ ceedings commenced in any court concerning the making of an employment grant under section 25 of the Industrial Development Act 1986 where those proceedings were commenced before 1
February 2007.”.
78

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.6

98.—The following section is inserted after section 6 of the Casual

Trading Act 1995:

Amendment of

Casual Trading Act

1995.

“Guidelines with respect to performance

of functions under section

6.

6A.—(1) The Minister may prepare and issue to local authorities guidelines, in writing, regard­ ing the performance by them of their functions under section 6 in relation to bye-laws.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of sub­ section (1), guidelines under this section may include guidelines as to the particular provision that a local authority should make by bye-laws under section 6 in relation to each of the matters mentioned in subsection (2) of that section.
(3) Local authorities shall have regard to guide­ lines for the time being in force under this section in performing their functions under section 6 in relation to bye-laws.
(4) The Minister may amend or revoke, in writ­
ing, guidelines issued under this section.
(5) The Minister shall cause a copy of any guidelines issued under this section and of any amendment or revocation of them to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.”.

99.—The following sections are substituted for sections 5 and 6 of the Hallmarking Act 1981:

Amendment of

Hallmarking Act

1981.

“False representations in relation to certain articles.

Permissible representations in relation to certain articles.

5.—(1) Subject to section 6 of this Act, a com­ mercial practice that involves a representation that an article which is not of precious metal is made wholly or partly of gold, silver or platinum is a misleading commercial practice under section

43(1) and (2) of the Consumer Protection Act

2007.

(2) A trader who engages in any misleading commercial practice described in subsection (1) is guilty of an offence under section 47 of the Con­ sumer Protection Act 2007.
6.—(1) Section 5 of this Act does not apply to a representation which is permissible under this Act.
(2) A representation is permissible under this
Act if it complies with the following conditions:
(a) it is confined either expressly or by implication to the colour of the article;
(b) if it consists of or includes the word
‘gold’, that word is qualified by the word ‘plated’ or the word ‘rolled’;
(c) if it consists of or includes the word ‘sil­
ver’ or the word ‘platinum’, whichever
79

Pt.6 S.99 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

of those words is used is qualified by the word ‘plated’;
(d) where the representation is in writing and the word ‘plated’ or ‘rolled’ is used, that word is at least as large as the rest of the representation.
(3) Subsection (2) of this section does not apply if the representation is false or is applied to an article for which the representation is inap­ propriate.

Construction

6A.—In sections 5 and 6 of this Act, ‘commer-

of certain cial practice’, ‘representation’ and ‘trader’ have

expressions in the same meaning as they have in the Consumer

sections 5 and Protection Act 2007.”.

6.

Power of officer of customs and excise to detain unsafe goods.

Directions under certain instruments respecting product safety: actions of third parties.

100.—For the purpose of facilitating the performance by the Agency of any functions conferred on it by any of the relevant statu­ tory provisions relating to the safety of products, an officer of cus­ toms and excise, when authorised to do so by the Revenue Commis­ sioners following a written request in that behalf by the Agency, may detain any goods being imported for such period as is reasonably necessary for the Agency to examine the goods, or arrange to have the goods examined, which period shall not in any case exceed 72 hours from the time when the goods concerned are detained.

101.—(1) In this section “relevant direction” means a direction, for the time being in force, given under any of the statutory instru­ ments specified in Schedule 7, being a direction—
(a) prohibiting the placing on the market of one or more prod­ ucts or requiring one or more products to be withdrawn from the market, or
(b) imposing restrictions on the placing on the market of one or more products.
(2) In this section a reference to a product concerned is a refer­
ence to a product to which the relevant direction relates.
(3) If a relevant direction is given to a person, being a direction to which subsection (1)(a) applies, any other person who knows of the direction shall not do any of the following things, namely—
(a) distribute, (b) sell,
(c) offer for sale,
(d) supply in the course of providing a service, a product concerned.
(4) If a relevant direction is given to a person, being a direction to which subsection (1)(b) applies, any other person who knows of the direction shall not—
80

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Pt.6 S.101

(a) in a case where the restriction concerned prohibits the doing of that particular thing in respect of the product — do any particular thing referred to in subsection (3) in respect of a product concerned, or
(b) in a case where the restriction concerned does not prohibit the doing of that particular thing in respect of the product
— do any particular thing referred to in subsection (3) in respect of a product concerned otherwise than in accord­ ance with the terms of the restriction.
(5) A person who contravenes subsection (3) or (4) commits an offence and is liable on summary conviction to the fines and penalties provided in Chapter 4 of Part 5.
(6) This section is in addition to the provision of any statutory instrument specified in Schedule 7 that creates an offence in respect of a contravention of a direction given under that instrument.

102.—(1) A certificate in writing purporting to be signed by a per­ son employed in a relevant laboratory and stating the results of one or more tests carried out in that laboratory with respect to a product of a specified type shall, without proof of the signature of that person or that he or she is employed in the relevant laboratory, be admiss­ ible as evidence of the results of the test or tests in the following proceedings taken in relation to that type of product.

(2) Those proceedings are proceedings under any of the statutory instruments specified in Schedule 7.
(3) In this section ‘relevant laboratory’ means a laboratory the competence of which to carry out tests in relation to products is recognised by an authority performing functions under the laws, regulations or administrative provisions adopted by a Member State for the purposes of any of the Directives specified in Schedule 8.
(4) Where a certificate referred to in subsection (1) is produced in proceedings referred to in subsection (2), it shall be presumed, until the contrary is shown, that the laboratory referred to in the certificate as a relevant laboratory is such a laboratory.
SCHEDULE 1
Existing Enactments
PART 1
Enactments — Acts of the Oireachtas

Admissibility of certain laboratory tests.

Section 2.

Number and Year (1)	Short Title (2)
No. 31 of 1964	Pawnbrokers Act 1964
No. 10 of 1970	Merchandise Marks Act 1970
No. 35 of 1979	Occasional Trading Act 1979
No. 16 of 1980	Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980

81

Sch.1 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Number and Year (1)	Short Title (2)
No. 23 of 1980	Trading Stamps Act 1980
No. 28 of 1991	Liability for Defective Products Act 1991
No. 17 of 1995	Package Holidays and Travel Trade Act 1995
No. 24 of 1995	Consumer Credit Act 1995
No. 28 of 1996	National Standards Authority of Ireland Act 1996
No. 29 of 1998	Food Safety Authority of Ireland Act 1998

PART 2
Enactments made under the European Communities Act 1972
which are existing Enactments

Number and Year (1)	Citation (2)
S.I. No. 134 of 1988	European Communities (Misleading Advertising) Regulations 1988
S.I. No. 224 of 1989	European Communities (Cancellation of Contracts Negotiated away from Business Premises) Regulations 1989
S.I. No. 32 of 1990 S.I. No. 458 of 1994	European Communities (Safety of Toys) Regulations 1990 and 1994
S.I. No. 265 of 1991	European Communities (Food Imitations) (Safety) Order 1991
S.I. No. 101 of 1992 S.I. No. 150 of 1995	European Communities (Appliances Burning Gaseous Fuels) Regulations 1992 and 1995
S.I. No. 428 of 1992 S.I. No. 307 of 1994	European Communities (Low Voltage Electrical Equipment) Regulations 1992 and 1994
S.I. No. 272 of 1993 S.I. No. 13 of 1994 S.I. No. 457 of 1994 S.I. No. 81 of 1997	European Communities (Personal Protective Equipment) Regulations 1993 to 1997
S.I. No. 27 of 1995 S.I. No. 307 of 2000	European Communities (Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts) Regulations 1995 and 2000
S.I. No. 63 of 1996	European Communities (Labelling of Footwear) Regulations 1996
S.I. No. 204 of 1997	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection of Purchasers) Regulations 1997
S.I. No. 144 of 2000	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection for Purchasers) (Amendment) Regulations 2000
S.I. No. 245 of 1998	European Communities (Names and Labelling of Textile Products) Regulations 1998

82

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Sch.1

Number and Year (1)	Citation (2)
S.I. No. 254 of 1998	European Communities (Definition, Description and Presentation of Aromatized Wines, Aromatized Wine-Based Drinks and Aromatized Wine-Product Cocktails) Regulations 1998
S.I. No. 262 of 1998	European Communities (Use of Standards for the Transmission of Television Signals) Regulations 1998
S.I. No. 401 of 2000	European Communities (Liability for Defective Products) Regulations 2000
S.I. No. 207 of 2001	European Communities (Protection of Consumers in Respect of Contracts made by Means of Distance Communication) Regulations 2001
S.I. No. 449 of 2001	European Communities (Protection of Consumers’ Collective Interests) Regulations 2001
S.I. No. 483 of 2002 S.I. No. 257 of 2003 S.I. No. 451 of 2003 S.I. No. 528 of 2003 S.I. No. 228 of 2005 S.I. No. 514 of 2005 S.I. No. 647 of 2005	European Communities (Labelling, Presentation and Advertising of Foodstuffs) Regulations 2002 to 2005
S.I. No. 639 of 2002	European Communities (Requirements to Indicate Product Prices) Regulations 2002
S.I. No. 11 of 2003	European Communities (Sale of Consumer Goods and Associated Guarantees) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 68 of 2003	European Communities (Directive 2000/31/EC) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 490 of 2004	European Communities (Amendment of S.I. No. 68 of 2003) Regulations 2004
S.I. No. 236 of 2003	European Communities (Marketing of Cocoa and Chocolate Products) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 240 of 2003	European Communities (Marketing of Fruit Juices and Certain Similar Products) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 289 of 2003	European Communities (Marketing of Sugar Products) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 294 of 2003	European Communities (Marketing of Fruit Jams, Jellies, Marmalades and Sweetened Chestnut Pure´ e) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 298 of 2003	European Communities (Dehydrated Preserved Milk) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 307 of 2003	European Communities (Electronic Communications, Networks and Services) (Framework) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 308 of 2003	European Communities (Electronic Communications, Networks and Services) (Universal Services and Users’ Rights) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 367 of 2003	European Communities (Marketing of Honey) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 199 of 2004	European Communities (General Product Safety) Regulations 2004
S.I. No. 397 of 2004	European Communities (Marketing Standards for Olive Oil) Regulations 2004
S.I. No. 853 of 2004	European Communities (Distance Marketing of Consumer Financial Services) Regulations 2004

83

Sch.1 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Number and Citation

Year

(1) (2)

S.I. No. 290 of European Communities (Co-operation between National

2006 Authorities Responsible for the Enforcement of Consumer

Protection Laws) Regulations 2006

Section 4. SCHEDULE 2

Repeals

Session and Chapter or Number and Year (1)	Short Title (2)	Extent of Repeal (3)
50 & 51 Vic., c. 28	Merchandise Marks Act 1887	The whole Act
54 & 55 Vic., c. 15	Merchandise Marks Act 1891	The whole Act
1 & 2 Geo. 5., c. 31	Merchandise Marks Act 1911	The whole Act
5 & 6 Geo. 5., c. 1	Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty Act 1914	The whole Act
6 & 7 Geo. 5., c. 39	Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty Act 1916	The whole Act
No. 10 of 1930	Agricultural Produce (Fresh Meat) Act 1930	Section 27(4) and (5)
No. 35 of 1930	Portuguese Treaty Act 1930	The whole Act
No. 26 of 1931	Agricultural Produce (Potatoes) Act 1931	Section 19(4) and (5)
No. 48 of 1931	Merchandise Marks Act 1931	The whole Act
No. 6 of 1936	Spanish Trade Agreement Act 1936	The whole Act
No. 14 of 1955	Seed Production Act 1955	Section 22(3)
No. 4 of 1958	Prices Act 1958	The whole Act, except to the extent specified in section 92
No. 25 of 1968	Road Traffic Act 1968	Section 14(1), (2) and (3)
No. 20 of 1972	Prices (Amendment) Act 1972	The whole Act
No. 1 of 1978	Consumer Information Act 1978	The whole Act
No. 11 of 1980	Packaged Goods (Quantity Control) Act 1980	Section 12(1)
No. 27 of 1980	Pyramid Selling Act 1980	The whole Act
No. 31 of 1987	Restrictive Practices (Amendment) Act 1987	The whole Act
No. 28 of 1996	National Standards Authority of Ireland Act 1996	Section 19(3) and 21(7)

84

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.]

SCHEDULE 3 Section 40.
References in Certain Acts and Instruments to Director or
Office of Director
PART 1
References in Certain Acts to Director of Consumer Affairs or Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs

Short Title, Number and Year (1)	Provision affected (2)	Amendment (3)
Ombudsman Act 1980	First Schedule	In Part II, delete “the
(No. 26 of 1980)	Second Schedule	Director of Consumer Affairs”. Insert “National Consumer Agency”.
National Archives Act	Schedule	Substitute “National
1986 (No. 11 of 1986)		Consumer Agency” for “Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Prompt Payment of	Schedule	Substitute “National
Accounts Act 1997		Consumer Agency” for “the
(No. 31 of 1997)		Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Taxes Consolidation Act 1997 (No. 39 of 1997)	Schedule 13	Substitute the following for paragraph 112 (inserted by section 14 of the Finance Act 2001): “112. National Consumer Agency.”.
Electronic Commerce Act 2000 (No. 27 of 2000)	Section 15	Substitute “role of the National Consumer Agency” for “role of the Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Competition Act 2002	Schedule 1 (as	In column (1), substitute
(No. 14 of 2002)	amended by the Competition Act 2002 (Section 34(11)) (Director of Consumer Affairs) Order 2003 (S.I. No. 130 of 2003)	“National Consumer Agency” for “Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Ombudsman for	Schedule 1	In Part 2, substitute “National
Children Act 2002		Consumer Agency” for
(No. 22 of 2002)		“Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Personal Injuries	Section 56(6)	Substitute “the chief executive
Assessment Board Act		of the National Consumer
2003 (No. 46 of 2003)		Agency” for “the Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Official Languages Act 2003 (No. 32 of 2003)	First Schedule	(a) in paragraph 1 of the Irish text— (i) in subparagraph (1), delete “Oifig an Stiu´ rtho´ ra Gno´ thaı´ Tomhalto´ irı´”, and (ii) in subparagraph (2), insert “An Ghnı´omhaireacht Na´ isiu´ nta Tomhalto´ irı´”.

85

Sch.3 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Short Title, Number and Year (1)	Provision affected (2)	Amendment (3)
		(b) in paragraph 1 of the English text— (i) in subparagraph (1), delete “Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs”, and (ii) in subparagraph (2), insert “National Consumer Agency”.
Veterinary Practice Act 2005 (No. 22 of 2005)	Section 16(1)	Substitute the following for paragraph (g): “(g) one person who is nominated for such appointment by the National Consumer Agency;”.

PART 2
References in Certain Instruments to Director of Consumer
Affairs or Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs

Citation, Number and Year (1)	Provision affected (2)	Amendment (3)
Air Quality Standards	Schedule 14	Substitute the following for
Regulations 2002 (S.I.		paragraph (6):
No. 271 of 2002)		“(6) National Consumer Agency”.
Genetically Modified Organisms (Deliberate Release) Regulations 2003 (S.I. No. 500 of 2003)	Regulation 62(1)	(a) Substitute the following for paragraph (g): “(g) the National Consumer Agency,”. (b) In paragraph (j), substitute “the National Consumer Agency” for “the Office of the Director of Consumer Affairs”.
Ozone in Ambient Air	Schedule 10	Substitute the following for
Regulations 2004 (S.I.		paragraph (6):
No. 53 of 2004)		“(6) National Consumer Agency”.
Investor Compensation Act 1998 (Section 18(4)) (Prescription of Bodies and Individuals) Regulations 2004 (S.I. No. 570 of 2004)	Regulation 2	Substitute the following for paragraph (b): “(b) the National Consumer Agency;”.
Finance Act 1993	Schedule	Substitute “National
(Section 60)		Consumer Agency” for
Regulations 2005 (S.I.		“Office of the Director of
No. 846 of 2005)		Consumer Affairs”.

86

[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.]

SCHEDULE 4 Section 73.
Enactments for the purpose of section 73 (Undertakings with the Agency)

Number and Year (1)	Short Title or Citation (2)
No. 16 of 1980	Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980
No. 17 of 1995	Package Holidays and Travel Trade Act 1995
S.I. No. 224 of 1989	European Communities (Cancellation of Contracts Negotiated away from Business Premises) Regulations 1989
S.I. No. 27 of 1995 S.I. No. 307 of 2000	European Communities (Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts) Regulations 1995 and 2000
S.I. No. 204 of 1997	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection of Purchasers) Regulations 1997
S.I. No. 144 of 2000	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection of Purchasers) (Amendment) Regulations 2000
S.I. No. 207 of 2001	European Communities (Protection of Consumers in Respect of Contracts Made by Means of Distance Communication) Regulations 2001
S.I. No. 639 of 2002	European Communities (Requirements to Indicate Product Prices) Regulations 2002
S.I. No. 11 of 2003	European Communities (Sale of Consumer Goods and Associated Guarantees) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 68 of 2003	European Communities (Directive 2000/31/EC) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 490 of 2004	European Communities (Amendment of S.I. No. 68 of 2003) Regulations 2004

SCHEDULE 5 Section 75.
Enactments for the purpose of section 75 (Compliance notices)

Number and Year (1)	Short Title or Citation (2)
No. 16 of 1980	Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980
No. 17 of 1995	Package Holidays and Travel Trade Act 1995
S.I. No. 168 of 1984	Consumer Information (Advertisements) (Disclosure of Business Interest) Order 1984
S.I. No. 224 of 1989	European Communities (Cancellation of Contracts Negotiated away from Business Premises) Regulations 1989
S.I. No. 103 of 1997	Consumer Information (Advertisements for Concert or Theatre Performances) Order 1997
S.I. No. 204 of 1997	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection of Purchasers) Regulations 1997
S. I. No. 144 of 2000	European Communities (Contracts for Time Sharing of Immovable Property – Protection of Purchasers) (Amendment) Regulations 2000
S.I. No. 468 of 2000	Consumer Information (Advertisements for Airfares) Order 2000

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Sch.5 [No. 19.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [2007.]

Number and Year (1)	Short Title or Citation (2)
S.I. No. 207 of 2001	European Communities (Protection of Consumers in Respect of Contracts made by Means of Distance Communication) Regulations 2001
S.I. No. 68 of 2003	European Communities (Directive 2000/31/EC) Regulations 2003
S.I. No. 490 of 2004	European Communities (Amendment of S.I. No. 68 of 2003) Regulations 2003

Section 87. SCHEDULE 6

Redress for contravention of section 87
1. In this Schedule—
“Act of 1994” means the Terms of Employment (Information) Act 1994;
“employee” and “employer” have the same meaning as they have in the Act of 1994.
2. (1) An employee may present a complaint to a rights com­ missioner that the employer has contravened section 87(3) in relation to the employee and, if the employee does so, the commissioner shall give the parties an opportunity to be heard by the commissioner and to present to the commissioner any evidence relevant to the com­ plaint, shall give a decision in writing in relation to it and shall com­ municate the decision to the parties.
(2) A decision of a rights commissioner under subparagraph (1)
shall do one or more of the following:
(a) declare that the complaint was or, as the case may be, was not well founded;
(b) require the employer to comply with section 87(3) and, for that purpose, require the employer to take specified steps;
(c) require the employer to pay to the employee compen­ sation of such amount (if any) as is just and equitable having regard to all the circumstances, but not exceeding
104 weeks remuneration in respect of the employee’s employment calculated in accordance with regulations under section 17 of the Unfair Dismissals Act 1977;
and the references in the foregoing clauses to an employer shall be construed, in a case where ownership of the business of the employer changes after the contravention to which the complaint relates occurred, as references to the person who, by virtue of the change, becomes entitled to such ownership.
3. For the purposes of this Schedule—
(a) subsections (3) to (6) and subsection (7)(a) of section 7 of the Act of 1994 shall apply in relation to a complaint presented under this Schedule as they apply in relation
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[2007.] Consumer Protection Act 2007. [No. 19.] Sch.6

to a complaint presented under subsection (1) of that section 7, with the following modifications, namely:
(i) the deletion in that subsection (3) of all the words from “if it is presented” to the end of that subsection and the substitution of “unless it is presented to him within the period of 12 months beginning on the date of the contravention to which the complaint relates or (in a case where the rights commissioner is satis­ fied that exceptional circumstances prevented the presentation of the complaint within the period aforesaid) such further period, not exceeding 6 months from the expiration of the said period of 12 months, as the rights commissioner considers reasonable”;
(ii) the substitution in that subsection (6) of a reference to a decision for the reference to a recommendation;
and any other necessary modifications,
(b) sections 8 to 10 of the Act of 1994 shall apply as they apply for the purposes of that Act, with the following modifications, namely:
(i) the substitution in those provisions of references to a decision for references to a recommendation;
(ii) the addition to section 8 of the following subsection: “(7) Proceedings under this section before the Tri­
bunal shall be heard otherwise than in public.”;
(iii) the substitution in section 9 of—
(I) references to the Circuit Court for references to the District Court, and
(II) the following subsection for subsection (3):
“(3) An application under this section to the Circuit Court shall be made to the judge of the Circuit Court for the circuit in which the employer concerned ordinarily resides or carries on any profession, trade or business.”;
and any other necessary modifications.
4. (1) In proceedings under this Schedule before a rights com­ missioner or the Employment Appeals Tribunal in relation to a com­ plaint that section 87(3) has been contravened, it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, that the employee concerned acted reasonably and in good faith in forming the opinion and making the communication concerned.
(2) If a penalisation of an employee, in contravention of section

87(3), constitutes a dismissal of the employee within the meaning of the Unfair Dismissals Acts 1977 to 2005, relief may not be granted to the employee in respect of that penalisation both under this Schedule and under those Acts.

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Section 101 and 102. SCHEDULE 7

Statutory Instruments for the purposes of sections 101 and 102 (Directions respecting product safety and admissibility of laboratory tests)

Number and Year	Citation
S.I. No. 32 of 1990	European Communities (Safety of Toys) Regulations 1990
S.I. No. 101 of 1992	European Communities (Appliances Burning Gaseous Fuels) Regulations 1992
S.I. No. 482 of 1992	European Communities (Low Voltage Electrical Equipment) Regulations 1992
S.I. No. 272 of 1993	European Communities (Personal Protective Equipment) Regulations 1993
S.I. No. 199 of 2004	European Communities (General Product Safety) Regulations 2004

Section 102. SCHEDULE 8

Directives for the purpose of section 102 (Admissibility of laboratory tests)
Council Directive 73/23/EEC of 19 February 1973 on the harmoniz­ ation of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits
Council Directive 88/378/EEC of 3 May 1988 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning the safety of toys
Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approxi­ mation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protec­ tive equipment
Council Directive 90/396/EEC of 29 June 1990 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to appliances burning gase­ ous fuels
Directive 2001/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 December 2001 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to general product safety.
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