- Part A General Provisions
- Division One Basic Provisions of Civil Court Proceedings
- Chapter 1 Principles of Civil Procedure
- Section 1. Rights of a Person to Court Protection
- Section 2. Adjudging of Civil Matters by Courts
- Section 3. Time when Legal Norms Regulating Court Proceedings in Civil Matters are in Force
- Section 4. Court Instances Regarding Civil Matters
- Section 5. Application of Legal Norms
- Section 5.1 Assigning of Matters to the European Court of Justice
- Section 6. Initiation of Civil Matters in Court
- Section 7. Civil Claims in Criminal Matters
- Section 8. Determination of Facts in a Civil Matter
- Section 9. Equality of Parties in the Civil Procedure
- Section 10. Adversarial Proceedings in Civil Procedure
- Section 11. Open Adjudication of Civil Matters
- Section 12. Adjudication of a Civil Matter by a Judge Sitting Alone and Collegial Adjudication
- Section 13. Language of Court Proceedings
- Section 14. Unchangeability of a Court Panel
- Section 15. Direct and Viva Voce Adjudging of Civil Matters
- Chapter 2 Composition of the Court
- Section 16. Judges
- Section 17. Deciding of Issues in Court
- Section 18. Judge Not Allowed to Participate in Repeated Hearing of Matter
- Section 19. Recusal or Removal of a Judge
- Section 20. Application for Removal
- Section 21. Procedure regarding Adjudicating of Removal Applications
- Section 22. Consequences of Successful Application for Removal
- Chapter 3 Jurisdiction of Civil Legal Disputes
- Section 23. Jurisdiction
- Section 24. Jurisdiction of a District (City) Court
- Section 25. Jurisdiction of a Regional Court
- Section 26. Bringing of Actions in Accordance with the Place of Residence or Location of the Defendant
- Section 27. Bringing of Actions where the Place of Residence of the Defendant is Unknown
- Section 28. Jurisdiction in Accordance with the Choice of the Plaintiff
- Section 29. Exceptions regarding Jurisdiction
- Section 30. Jurisdiction by Agreement
- Section 31. Jurisdiction regarding Several Mutually Related Matters
- Section 32. Transfer of Matters Accepted as Court Proceedings to Another Court
- Chapter 4 Costs of Adjudication
- Section 33. Costs of Adjudication
- Section 34. State Fees
- Section 35. Amount Claimed
- Section 36. Supplementary State Fees
- Section 37. Repayment of State Fee
- Section 38. Office Fees
- Section 39. Costs Related to the Adjudicating of Matters
- Section 40. Procedures for Paying in Amounts of Costs Related to the Adjudicating of Matters
- Section 41. Reimbursement of Court Costs
- Section 42. Reimbursement of Court Costs to the State
- Section 43. Exceptions from General Provisions Regarding Court Costs
- Section 44. Costs Related to Conducting a Matter and Reimbursement Thereof
- Section 45. Appeal of Decisions Regarding Court Costs
- Chapter 5 Procedural Time Periods
- Section 46. Determination of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 47. Commencement of the Computation of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 48. Termination of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 49. Consequences of Default Regarding Procedural Time Periods
- Section 50. Suspension of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 51. Renewal of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 52. Extension of Procedural Time Periods
- Section 53. Procedures regarding Extension and Renewal of Procedural Time Periods
- Chapter 6 Court Notifications and Summonses
- Section 54. Summons to Court
- Section 55. Court Summons
- Section 56. Service of a Summons
- Section 57. Consequences of Refusing to Accept a Summons
- Section 58. Change of Address during Proceedings regarding a Matter
- Section 59. Summoning to Court through Publication in a Newspaper
- Section 60. Search for a Defendant if their Place of Residence is Unknown
- Chapter 7 Minutes
- Chapter 8 Procedural Sanctions
- Chapter 1 Principles of Civil Procedure
- Division Two Participants in a Matter
- Chapter 9 Civil-procedural Legal Capacity and Civil-procedural Capacity to Act
- Chapter 10 Parties
- Chapter 11 Third Persons
- Chapter 12 Representatives
- Section 82. Right to Representation in the Civil Procedure
- Section 83. Persons who may be Authorised Representatives in the Civil Procedure
- Section 84. Persons who May Not Act as Representatives in the Civil Procedure
- Section 85. Formalising Representation
- Section 86. Scope of Authority of Representatives
- Section 87. Early Termination of Representation
- Chapter 13 Authorities and Persons Participating in Procedure in Accordance With the Law
- Chapter 14 Public Prosecutors
- Division Three Evidence
- Chapter 15 General Provisions Regarding Evidence
- Chapter 16 Securing of Evidence
- Section 98. Allowing Evidence to be Secured
- Section 99. Applications for Securing Evidence
- Section 100. Procedures by which Applications for Securing of Evidence Prior to Initiation of the Matter in a Court are Decided
- Section 101. Procedures for Examination of Applications for Ensuring Evidence after Initiation of the Matter in a Court
- Section 102. Court Assignments
- Section 103. Procedures regarding the Performing of Court Assignments
- Section 103.1 Termination of Securing of Evidence
- Section 103.2 Compensation of Losses caused by the Securing of Evidence
- Chapter 17 Evidentiary Means
- Section 104. Explanations by Parties and Third Persons
- Section 105. Testimony of Witnesses
- Section 106. Persons who may not be Witnesses
- Section 107. Persons who may Refuse to Testify
- Section 108. Duties of Witnesses
- Section 109. Liability of Witnesses
- Section 110. Documentary Evidence
- Section 111. Procedures for Submitting Documentary Evidence
- Section 112. Procedure for Requiring Documentary Evidence
- Section 113. Return of Documentary Evidence in a Matter
- Section 114. Inspection of Documentary Evidence at the Place of Keeping
- Section 115. Real Evidence
- Section 116. Submitting and Requiring Real Evidence
- Section 117. Inspection of Real Evidence at the Place of Keeping
- Section 118. Storage of Real Evidence
- Section 119. Return of Real Evidence
- Section 120. Liability for Failure to Submit Documentary and Real Evidence
- Section 121. Expert-Examination
- Section 122. Duties and Rights of Experts
- Section 123. Withdrawal or Removal of an Expert
- Section 124. Expert Opinion
- Section 125. Assessment of Expert Opinion
- Section 126. Opinions of Authorities
- Division One Basic Provisions of Civil Court Proceedings
- Part B Court Proceedings in a Court of First Instance
- Division Four Court Proceedings by Way of Action
- Chapter 18 Bringing of Actions
- Section 127. Persons who may Bring Actions in Court
- Section 128. Statement of Claim
- Section 129. Documents to be Appended to a Statement of Claim
- Section 130. Submission of a Statement of Claim to the Court
- Section 131. Taking a Decision Regarding Acceptance of a Statement of Claim and Initiation of a Civil Matter
- Section 132. Reasons for Non-Acceptance of a Statement of Claim
- Section 133. Leaving a Statement of Claim Not Proceeded With
- Section 134. Joinder of Claims and Civil Matters
- Section 135. Separation of Claims and Civil Matters
- Section 136. Bringing Counterclaims
- Chapter 19 Securing Claims
- Section 137. Basis for Securing Claims
- Section 138. Means of Securing Claims
- Section 139. Securing of Claims Prior to the Bringing of an Action
- Section 140. Adjudication regarding Securing of Claims Issues
- Section 141. Appeal of Decisions taken regarding Securing of Claims Issues
- Section 142. Execution of Decisions taken regarding Securing of Claims Issues
- Section 143. Compensation for Losses Caused by Securing of a Claim
- Section 144. Setting Aside of Security for a Claim [7 September 2006]
- Section 145. Termination of Security for a Claim [7 September 2006]
- Section 146. Appeal of a Decision [7 September 2006]
- Chapter 20 Preparation of Civil Matters for Trial
- Chapter 21 Trial of Civil Matters
- Section 151. Court Sittings
- Section 152. Procedures in Court Sittings
- Section 153. Maintaining Order at a Court Sitting
- Section 154. Commencement of a Court Sitting
- Section 155. Verifying Attendance of Participants in the Matter
- Section 156. Consequences of Failure to Attend of Participants in a Matter, Witnesses, Experts or Interpreters
- Section 157. Explaining the Duties of Interpreters
- Section 158. Exclusion of Witnesses from the Court Room of a Court
- Section 159. Explaining Rights and Duties to Participants in a Matter
- Section 160. Decisions Regarding Removal
- Section 161. Explaining Rights and Duties to Experts
- Section 162. Decisions Regarding Petitions Submitted by Participants in a Matter
- Section 163. Commencement of Adjudicating a Matter on the Merits
- Section 164. Withdrawal of a Claim, Admission of a Claim, Settlement, Agreement to Transfer a Matter to Arbitration Court
- Section 165. Explanations by Participants in the Matter
- Section 166. Written Explanations of Participants in a Matter
- Section 167. Order of Questions Being Put
- Section 168. Determining the Procedure for Examination of Evidence
- Section 169. Warning of Witnesses
- Section 170. Examination of Witnesses
- Section 171. Right of a Witness to Use Written Notes
- Section 172. Examination of Witnesses who are Minors
- Section 173. Reading the Testimony of a Witness
- Section 174. Duties of Witnesses who have been Examined
- Section 175. Examination of Expert Opinions and Examining Experts
- Section 176. Appending of Documentary Evidence to the Matter File
- Section 177. Examination of Documentary Evidence
- Section 178. Disputing of Documentary Evidence
- Section 179. Application Regarding Forgery of Documentary Evidence
- Section 180. Examination of Real Evidence
- Section 181. Inspection and Examination of Evidence on Site
- Section 182. Opinion of an Authority
- Section 183. Closing the Adjudicating on the Merits of a Matter
- Section 184. Court Argument
- Section 185. Reply
- Section 186. Opinion of the Public Prosecutor
- Section 187. Deliberation by the Court
- Section 188. Resuming the Adjudicating on the Merits of a Matter
- Chapter 22 Judgments
- Section 189. General Provisions
- Section 190. Lawfulness and Basis of Judgment
- Section 191. Procedures for Rendering Judgment
- Section 192. Observance of Claim Limits
- Section 193. Form and Contents of a Judgment
- Section 194. Abbreviated Judgment
- Section 195. Judgments regarding Recovery of Monetary Amounts
- Section 196. Judgments regarding Recovery of Property in Specie
- Section 197. Judgments Imposing a Duty to Perform Specific Actions
- Section 198. Judgments in Favour of Several Plaintiffs or against Several Defendants
- Section 199. Pronouncement of Judgment
- Section 200. Correction of Clerical and Mathematical Calculation Errors
- Section 201. Supplementary Judgment
- Section 202. Explanation of Judgment
- Section 203. Coming into Lawful Effect of a Judgment
- Section 204. Execution of Judgments
- Section 204.1 Voluntary Executions of Judgments
- Section 205. Judgments to be Executed without Delay
- Section 206. Postponement, Division into Time Periods, Varying of the Form and Procedure of Execution of a Judgment
- Section 207. Securing the Execution of a Judgment
- Section 208. Sending of a True Copy of the Judgment to the Participants in the Matter
- Chapter 22.1 Default Judgment
- Section 208.1 Default Judgment
- Section 208.2 Form and Contents of a Default Judgment
- Section 208.3 Sending of a True Copy of the Default Judgment to the Defendant
- Section 208.4 Appeal of a Default Judgment
- Section 208.5 Renewal of Court Proceedings and Adjudicating of the Matter de novo
- Section 208.6 Leaving Applications Not Proceeded With
- Section 208.7 Actions of a Judge after Acceptance of the Application
- Section 208.8 Coming into Lawful Effect of a Default Judgment
- Section 208.9 Adjudicating of Matters de novo
- Chapter 23 Postponement of Adjudication of a Matter
- Section 209. Duty of the Court to Postpone Adjudication of a Matter
- Section 210. Right of the Court to Postpone Adjudication of a Matter
- Section 211. Decision on Postponement of Adjudication of a Matter
- Section 212. Examination of Witnesses if Adjudication of a Matter is Postponed
- Section 213. Recommencement of Adjudication of a Matter [7 September 2006]
- Chapter 24 Stay of Court Proceedings in Civil Matters
- Chapter 25 Leaving Claims Unadjudicated
- Chapter 26 Termination of Court Proceedings
- Chapter 27 Settlement
- Chapter 28 Court Decisions
- Chapter 18 Bringing of Actions
- Division Five Features of Adjudication for Separate Categories of Matters
- Chapter 29 Matters Regarding Annulment and Dissolution of Marriage
- Section 233. Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 234. Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 235. Matters regarding Dissolution of Marriage pursuant to the Application of Both Spouses
- Section 235.1 Statement of Claim regarding Dissolution of Marriage
- Section 236. Participation of the Parties in a Court Sitting
- Section 237. Bringing Actions regarding Annulment of a Marriage
- Section 238. Prohibition to Separate Claims and Temporary Decisions in Separate Disputes
- Section 239. Preparation of Dissolution of Marriage Matters for Adjudication and Adjudication Thereof
- Section 240. Postponing Adjudication of Dissolution of Marriage Matters
- Section 241. Settlement and Conciliation
- Section 242. Court Judgments in Dissolution of Marriage Matters
- Section 243. Court Judgments in Annulment of Marriage Matters
- Section 244. Issuing and Sending of True Copies of Judgments and Giving Notice of Judgments
- Chapter 29.1 Matters that Arise from Custody and Access Rights
- Section 244.1 Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 244.2 Bringing an Action
- Section 244.3 Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 244.4 Participation of the Parties in a Court Sitting
- Section 244.5 Preparation of Dissolution of Marriage Matters for Adjudication and Adjudication Thereof
- Section 244.6 Amicable Settlements between the Parties
- Section 244.7 Consequences of a Court Judgment
- Chapter 30 Matters regarding Determination of the Parentage of Children
- Section 245. Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 246. Persons who may Dispute the Presumption of Paternity
- Section 247. Persons who may Dispute the Acknowledgement of Paternity
- Section 248. Persons who may bring an Action regarding the Determination of Paternity
- Section 249. Procedures for Bringing Actions regarding Determination of the Paternity of a Child
- Section 249.1 Specification of Court Expert-examination
- Section 249.2 Determination of the Fact of Paternity
- Section 250. Sending and Issuing True Copies of Court Judgments
- Chapter 30.1 Matters regarding Division of Estate
- Section 250.1 Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 250.2 Actions of a Judge in Preparing a Matter
- Section 250.3 Drawing up of a Draft Division of an Estate
- Section 250.4 Actions of a Judge after Receipt of a Draft Division of an Estate
- Section 250.5 Auctioning of the Estate to be Divided
- Section 250.6 State Fees in Matters regarding Division of Estate
- Section 250.7 Division of Joint Property
- Chapter 30.2 Matters regarding Infringement and Protection of Intellectual Property
- Section 250.8 Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 250.9 Persons who may Submit Applications regarding Infringement and Protection of Intellectual Property
- Section 250.10 Basis and Means for the Specification of Provisional Protection
- Section 250.11 Specification of Provisional Protection prior to the Bringing of an Action
- Section 250.12 Issue of Specification of Means of Provisional Protection Adjudication
- Section 250.13 Appeal of the Decision taken regarding Specification of Means of Provisional Protection
- Section 250.14 Execution of the Decision taken regarding Specification of Means of Provisional Protection
- Section 250.15 Compensation of Losses caused by the Means of Provisional Protection
- Section 250.16 Rights to Information
- Section 250.17 Court Judgment in Infringement and Protection of Intellectual Property Matters
- Chapter 29 Matters Regarding Annulment and Dissolution of Marriage
- Division Six Special Adjudication Procedures
- Chapter 31 General Provisions
- Section 251. Matters to be Adjudicated in Accordance with Special Adjudication Procedures
- Section 252. Initiation of Matters
- Section 253. Participants in a Matter
- Section 254. Application for Adjudication in Accordance with Special Adjudication Procedures
- Section 255. Leaving an Application Not Proceeded With
- Section 256. Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 257. Judgments
- Section 258. Leaving an Application Unadjudicated
- Chapter 32 Approval and Setting Aside of Adoptions
- Chapter 33 Declaring a Person as Lacking Capacity to Act and Establishing Trusteeship
- Chapter 34 Establishment of Trusteeship for Persons due to their Dissolute or Spendthrift Lifestyle or Excessive Use of Alcohol or Narcotics
- Section 271. Jurisdiction
- Section 272. Contents of an Application
- Section 273. Preparing a Matter for Adjudication
- Section 274. Participation of a Public Prosecutor
- Section 275. Court Judgment
- Section 276. Court Costs
- Section 277. Termination of a Trusteeship
- Chapter 35 Establishing Trusteeship for the Property of Absent or Missing Persons
- Section 278. Jurisdiction
- Section 279. Contents of an Application
- Section 280. Court Judgment
- Section 281. Termination of Trusteeship
- Chapter 36 Declaring a Missing Person as Deceased
- Chapter 37 Determination of Juridical Facts
- Chapter 38 Summoning Procedures regarding Extinguishing of Rights
- Chapter 39 Renewal of Rights based on Debt Instruments or Bearer Securities
- Section 298. Submission of Application
- Section 299. Jurisdiction
- Section 300. Contents of an Application
- Section 301. Preparation of a Matter for Adjudication
- Section 302. Duty of the Holder of the Document
- Section 303. Actions by the Court Following Receipt of an Application from the Holder of the Document
- Section 304. Adjudication of a Claim
- Section 305. Court Judgment
- Chapter 40 Reading and Coming into Legal Effect of Last Will Instruction Instruments
- Section 306. Submission of Last Will Instruction Instruments to the Court
- Section 307. Determination of when a Last Will Instruction Instrument Shall be Read
- Section 308. Procedure for Reading a Last Will Instruction Instrument
- Section 309. Establishing the Existence of an Oral Will
- Section 310. Activity of the Court if the Will Contains a Bequest to Generally Benevolent and Charitable Purposes
- Section 311. Invitation to the Opening of Succession
- Section 312. Rights of Heirs and Interested Parties
- Section 313. Application Regarding the Coming into Lawful Effect of a Last Will Instruction Instrument
- Section 314. Procedure Regarding the Contesting of a Will
- Section 315. Adjudicating an Application
- Section 316. Judgment Regarding the Coming into Lawful Effect of a Last Will Instruction Instrument
- Chapter 41 Protection of Estates and Trusteeships
- Section 317. Jurisdiction regarding, Basis for and Means of Protection of Estates
- Section 318. Sealing of the Estate Property
- Section 319. Things as shall not be Sealed
- Section 320. Removal of Seals
- Section 321. Taking Inventory of Estate Property
- Section 322. Storage of Sealed or Inventoried Property
- Section 323. Trusteeship for an Estate
- Chapter 42 Announcement of Opening of Succession
- Chapter 43 Accepting an Inheritance
- Chapter 44 Confirmation of Rights of Intestate Succession
- Chapter 45 Pre-emption of Immovable Property
- Section 336. Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 337. Substance of Applications
- Section 338. Sending a True Copy of the Application to the Acquirer of the Immovable Property
- Section 339. Adjudication of Applications
- Section 340. Court Judgment
- Section 341. Leaving Applications Unadjudicated
- Chapter 46 Matters Regarding Insolvency of an Undertaking or a Company
- Section 342. Jurisdiction in regard to Matters
- Section 343. Insolvency Petition
- Section 344. Receipt and Registration of Insolvency Petitions
- Section 345. Initiation of a Matter
- Section 346. Activities of a Judge in Preparing a Matter for Adjudication
- Section 347. Adjudication of Insolvency Matters
- Section 348. Court Judgment in Insolvency Matters
- Section 349. Court Activities following Declaration of Insolvency
- Section 350. Issues to be Decided by the Court after a Declaration of Insolvency
- Section 351. Confirmation of Settlements
- Section 352. Setting aside of Settlements
- Section 353. Decision regarding a Restoration Plan [20 June 2001]
- Section 354. Decision regarding Discontinuance of Restoration [20 June 2001]
- Section 354.1 Approval of Finalisation of Restoration
- Section 355. Decision to Initiate Bankruptcy Procedures [20 June 2001]
- Section 356. Decision regarding Administration Costs and Procedures for Settling Debts [20 June 2001]
- Section 357. Decision regarding Termination of Bankruptcy Procedures
- Section 358. Complaints regarding Decisions of Creditors Meetings
- Section 359. Appeal of a Decision of the Committee of Creditors
- Section 360. Complaints regarding Decisions of the Agency
- Section 361. Appointment of Several Administrators [20 June 2001]
- Section 362. Decision regarding Resignation or Dismissal of an Administrator
- Section 363. Decision regarding Termination of Insolvency Proceedings
- Chapter 47 Matters regarding Credit Institution Insolvency and Liquidation
- Section 364. Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 365. Submitters of Insolvency Petitions
- Section 366. Submitters of Liquidation Applications
- Section 367. Procedures regarding Submitting of Insolvency Petitions
- Section 368. Insolvency Petitions Submitted by a Creditor, a Group of Creditors or the Administrator of Another Insolvency Matter
- Section 369. Insolvency Petitions by Credit Institutions
- Section 370. Petition by the Finance and Capital Market Commission regarding Insolvency of a Credit Institution
- Section 371. Contents of Credit Institution Liquidation Applications
- Section 372. Submission and Registration of Credit Institution Insolvency Petitions and Liquidation Applications
- Section 373. Initiation of Insolvency Matters and Liquidation Matters of Credit Institutions
- Section 374. Activities of a Judge in Preparing Credit Institution Insolvency Matters for Adjudication
- Section 375. Adjudging Insolvency and Liquidation Matters regarding Credit Institutions
- Section 376. Court Judgments in Credit Institution Insolvency Matters
- Section 377. Court Judgments in Credit Institution Liquidation Matters
- Section 378. Court Activities following Declaration of Insolvency or Liquidation of a Credit Institution
- Section 379. Issues to be Decided by the Court after Declaring the Insolvency of a Credit Institution
- Section 380. Issues to be Decided by the Court after Declaration of the Liquidation of a Credit Institution
- Section 381. Revocation of Restoration
- Section 382. Decision to Initiate Bankruptcy Procedures
- Section 383. Disputing the Procedures for Covering Expenditures and Debts of Insolvency Proceedings and Liquidations
- Section 384. Decision to Conclude Bankruptcy Procedures
- Section 385. Decision regarding Concluding of a Liquidation
- Section 386. Complaints Regarding the Actions of an Administrator or Liquidator
- Section 387. Decision regarding Accepting the Resignation of or Discharging an Administrator or Liquidator
- Section 388. Appointment of a New Administrator or Liquidator in the event of Resignation or Discharge of the Administrator or Liquidator
- Section 389. Appointment of Several Administrators or Liquidators
- Chapter 48
- Declaring a Strike or an Application to Strike as Illegal
- Section 390. Submitting an Application
- Section 391. Contents of Applications
- Section 392. Adjudicating Applications
- Section 393. Mandatory Participation of a Public Prosecutor
- Section 394. Court Judgment regarding an Application
- Chapter 48.1 Declaring a Lock-out or an Application to Lock-out as Illegal
- Section 394.1 Submitting an Application
- Section 394.2 Contents of Applications
- Section 394.3 Adjudicating Applications
- Section 394.4 Mandatory Participation of a Public Prosecutor
- Section 394.5 Court Judgment regarding an Application
- Chapter 31 General Provisions
- Division Seven Performance of Obligations through the Court
- Chapter 49 Voluntary Sale of Immovable Property at Auction through the Court
- Chapter 50 Undisputed Compulsory Execution of Obligations
- Section 400. Obligations, on the Basis of which Undisputed Compulsory Execution is Permitted
- Section 401. Persons Eligible to Submit an Application Regarding Undisputed Compulsory Execution
- Section 402. Persons against whom Undisputed Compulsory Execution shall be Permitted
- Section 403. Jurisdiction
- Section 404. Contents of Applications
- Section 405. Decision by a Judge
- Section 406. Procedures for Disputing Undisputed Compulsory Execution
- Chapter 50.1 Compulsory Execution of Obligations in Accordance with Warning Procedures
- Section 406.1 Obligations, on the Basis of which Compulsory Execution in Accordance with Warning Procedures is Permitted
- Section 406.2 Jurisdiction
- Section 406.3 Contents of Applications
- Section 406.4 Reasons for Non-Acceptance of Applications
- Section 406.5 Contents of Warnings
- Section 406.6 Issuance of a Warning to a Debtor
- Section 406.7 Objections by Debtors
- Section 406.8 Termination of Court Proceedings
- Section 406.9 Decision by a Judge regarding Compulsory Execution of Obligations
- Section 406.10 Procedures for Disputing Compulsory Execution of Obligations
- Chapter 51 Submitting the Subject-matter of an Obligation for Safekeeping in the Court
- Section 407. Grounds for Safekeeping the Subject-matter of an Obligation
- Section 408. Subject-matter of Obligations
- Section 409. Contents of Applications
- Section 410. Actions of a Judge following Receipt of an Application
- Section 411. Rights of an Applicant to the Return of the Submitted Subject-matter
- Section 412. Issue of the Subject-matter of an Obligation to the Creditor
- Division Four Court Proceedings by Way of Action
- Part C Appeal of Court Judgments and Decisions
- Division Eight Appellate Proceedings
- Chapter 52 Submission of Appellate Complaints
- Section 413. Right to Submit an Appellate Complaint or an Appellate Protest
- Section 414. Procedures for Submitting an Appellate Complaint
- Section 415. Time Periods for Submitting Appellate Complaints
- Section 416. Contents of an Appellate Complaint
- Section 417. True Copies of an Appellate Complaint
- Section 418. Limits regarding Appellate Complaints
- Section 419. Joining in an Appellate Complaint
- Section 420. Leaving an Appellate Complaint Not proceeded With
- Section 421. Appeal of a Judgment by a Judge
- Section 422. Action by a Court of First Instance after Receipt of an Appellate Complaint
- Section 423. Written Explanation by a Participant in a Matter
- Section 424. Appellate Cross Complaint
- Chapter 53 Adjudicating Matters at Appellate Instance
- Section 425. Initiation of Appellate Instance Court Proceedings
- Section 426. Limits regarding Adjudicating of a Matter at Appellate Instance
- Section 427. Cases where a Judgment of a Court of First Instance shall be Set Aside and the Case shall be Sent to be Re-adjudicated in a Court of First Instance
- Section 428. Appellate Instance Court Trial Procedures
- Section 429. Submitting Explanations in an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 430. Examination of Evidence in an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 431. Termination of Appellate Court Proceedings
- Chapter 54 Judgments and Decisions of Appellate Instance Courts
- Section 432. Judgment of an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 433. Pronouncement of an Appellate Instance Court Judgment
- Section 434. Coming into Lawful Effect of an Appellate Instance Court Judgment
- Section 435. Correction of Clerical and of Mathematical Calculation Errors in a Judgment of an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 436. Supplementary Judgment of an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 437. Explanation of the Judgment of an Appellate Instance Court
- Section 438. Postponement or Division into Time Periods of the Execution of an Appellate Instance Court Judgment, and Varying of the Forms and Procedures for its Execution
- Section 439. Actions by an Appellate Instance Court, if a Judgment is not Appealed in Accordance with Cassation Procedures
- Section 440. Stays of Proceedings, Leaving Claims Unadjudicated and Termination of Court proceedings by Appellate Instance Courts
- Chapter 52 Submission of Appellate Complaints
- Division Nine Appeal of Decisions of Courts of First Instance and of Courts of Appellate Instance
- Chapter 55 Submitting and Adjudicating Ancillary complaints
- Section 441. Basis for Appeal or Protest of a Decision of a First Instance Court or of Appellate Instance Court
- Section 442. Time Periods for Submitting an Ancillary complaint
- Section 443. Procedures for Submitting an Ancillary complaint
- Section 444. True Copies of an Ancillary complaint
- Section 445. Leaving an Ancillary complaint Unadjudicated
- Section 446. Court Action after Receipt of an Ancillary complaint
- Section 447. Procedures for Adjudicating an Ancillary complaint
- Section 448. Competence of a Regional Court, the Court Panel and the Senate
- Section 449. Lawful Effect of a Decision Taken regarding an Ancillary complaint
- Chapter 55 Submitting and Adjudicating Ancillary complaints
- Division Ten Cassation Procedure
- Chapter 56 Submission of Cassation Complaints
- Section 450. Right to Submit a Cassation Complaint or a Cassation Protest
- Section 451. Violation of Norms of Substantive Law
- Section 452. Violation of Norms of Procedural Law
- Section 453. Contents of a Cassation Complaint
- Section 454. Time Periods for Submitting a Cassation Complaint
- Section 455. Appeal of a Judge's Decision
- Section 456. Procedures regarding Submission of Cassation Complaints
- Section 457. True Copies of a Cassation Complaint
- Section 458. Security Deposit
- Section 459. Leaving a Cassation Complaint Not proceeded With
- Section 460. Action by an Appellate Instance Court after Receipt of a Cassation Complaint
- Section 461 Joining in a Cassation Complaint
- Section 462. Withdrawal of a Cassation Complaint
- Section 463. Submitting a Cross Complaint
- Chapter 57 Adjudicating Matters at Cassation Instance
- Section 464. Senate Assignments Sitting
- Section 465. Listing a Matter for Adjudication at a Senate Sitting
- Section 466. Commencement of Adjudication of a Matter
- Section 467. Explanation of Rights and Duties to the Participants in a Matter
- Section 468. Consequences Resulting from a Failure to Attend by Participants in a Matter
- Section 469. Deciding on Applications
- Section 470. Report on a Matter
- Section 471. Explanations of Participants in a Matter and Opinion of the Public Prosecutor
- Section 472. Rendering Judgment
- Section 472.1 Suspension of Court Proceeding in a Cassation Instance
- Chapter 58 Judgment of a Cassation Instance Court
- Chapter 56 Submission of Cassation Complaints
- Division Eleven Re-adjudicating Matters regarding which a Judgment or a Decision has Come into Lawful Effect
- Division Eight Appellate Proceedings
- Part D. Arbitration Court
- Division Twelve Establishment and Operations of an Arbitration Court
- Chapter 61 General Provisions
- Chapter 62 Arbitration Court Agreement
- Chapter 63 Preparation regarding Arbitration Court Proceedings
- Section 495. Determination of Jurisdiction regarding Disputes
- Section 496. Securing a Claim before the Claim is Raised in Disputes which are Subject to Resolution by an Arbitration Court
- Section 497. Arbitrators
- Section 498. Number of Arbitrators
- Section 499. Appointment of Arbitrators
- Section 500. Dismissal of Arbitrators
- Section 501. Grounds for Removal of an Arbitrator
- Section 502. Procedures regarding Removal of an Arbitrator
- Section 503. Termination of Authorisation of an Arbitrator
- Section 504. Appointment of a New Arbitrator
- Chapter 64 Resolution of a Dispute by an Arbitration Court
- Section 505. Equal Rights of and Adversarial Proceedings between Parties
- Section 506. Determining Arbitration Court Procedures
- Section 507. Time Periods
- Section 508. Place for Resolving a Dispute
- Section 509. Language of the Arbitration Court
- Section 510. Representation of Parties
- Section 511. Costs of an Arbitration Court Procedure
- Section 512. Confidentiality of an Arbitration Court Procedure
- Section 513. Initiation of an Arbitration Court Procedure
- Section 514. Submission of a Statement of Claim
- Section 515. Response to a Claim
- Section 516. Counterclaim
- Section 517. Amendment and Supplementation of a Claim
- Section 518. Resolution of a Dispute by an Arbitration Court
- Section 519. Correspondence
- Section 520. Consequences, if Parties do not Participate in the Arbitration Procedure
- Section 521. Evidence
- Section 522. Expert-examination
- Section 523. Security for a Claim [17 February 2005]
- Section 524. Procedural Consequences of Withdrawal by a Party
- Section 525. Rights to Object
- Section 526. Minutes
- Section 527. Storage of Procedure Documents after Completion of the Arbitration Court Procedure
- Chapter 65 Awards by an Arbitration Court
- Section 528. Making of Awards by an Arbitration Court
- Section 529. Settlement
- Section 530. Arbitration Court Judgments
- Section 531. Procedures regarding Certification of Signatures of Arbitrators on an Award
- Section 532. Termination of an Arbitration Court Proceeding
- Chapter 66 Execution of Arbitration Court Awards
- Section 533. Procedures regarding Execution of Arbitration Court Awards
- Section 534. Submission of an Application for Compulsory Execution of an Arbitration Court Award
- Section 534.1 Sending of an Application to Participants in the Matter
- Section 535. Deciding on Applications regarding Compulsory Execution of an Award by an Arbitration Court
- Section 536. Grounds for a Refusal to Issue a Writ of Execution
- Section 537. Consequences of Refusal to Issue a Writ of Execution
- Division Twelve Establishment and Operations of an Arbitration Court
- Part E Execution of Court Judgments
- Division Thirteen General Provisions Regarding Execution of Court Judgments
- Chapter 67 Execution Documents
- Section 538. Execution of Court Judgments and Decisions
- Section 539. Adjudications of Courts and Other Institutions, which must be Executed
- Section 540. Execution Documents
- Section 541. Issuing of Writs of Execution
- Section 541.1 European Union Execution Documents and the Issue of Documents Associated with Execution
- Section 542. Issuing Several Writs of Execution for One Judgment
- Section 543. Contents of a Writ of Execution
- Section 543.1 Rectification of Errors in European Union Execution Documents
- Section 544. Issuing a Duplicate Copy of a Writ of Execution
- Section 544.1 Compulsory Execution of Decisions by Labour Disputes Commissions
- Section 545. Liability for Storage of an Execution Document
- Section 545.1 Withdrawal of European Enforcement Orders
- Section 546. Time Periods for Submission of Execution Documents for their Execution
- Section 547. Suspension of Limitation Periods for Submission of Execution Documents
- Chapter 68 Status of a Bailiff
- Chapter 69 General Provisions regarding Execution Proceedings
- Section 552.1 Initiation of Execution Matters
- Section 553. Explanation of a Court Adjudication to be Executed
- Section 554. Postponement, Division into Time Periods, Varying the Form and Procedure of Execution of a Judgment
- Section 555. Proposal to Voluntarily Execute an Adjudication
- Section 556. Compulsory Execution of a Court Judgment
- Section 557. Compulsory Execution Measures
- Section 558. Inspection of Premises of a Debtor
- Section 559. Postponement of Execution Activities
- Section 560. Duty of a Bailiff to Stay Execution Proceedings
- Section 561. Right of a Bailiff to Stay Execution Proceedings
- Section 562. Duration of Stay of Execution Proceedings
- Section 563. Termination of Execution Proceedings
- Section 564. Procedures regarding Stay of Execution Proceedings, Suspension of Execution Record-keeping, Resumption or Termination of Execution Proceedings
- Section 565. Returning of an Execution Document to a Judgment Creditor
- Section 566. Execution of a Judgment Expenditures
- Section 567. Procedures regarding Payment of Execution of a Judgment Expenditures during Execution Process
- Section 568. Deduction of Execution of a Judgment Expenditures from a Debtor
- Section 569. Search for a Debtor
- Chapter 67 Execution Documents
- Division Fourteen Application of Compulsory Execution Measures
- Chapter 70 General Provisions Regarding Recovery
- Chapter 71 Directing Recovery against Movable Property
- Section 573. Attachment of Movable Property of a Debtor
- Section 574. General Provisions regarding Attaching of Movable Property of a Debtor
- Section 575. Attachment of Property of a Debtor if the Property is in the Possession of Another Person
- Section 576. Inventorizing of Movable Property
- Section 577. Property Inventory Statement
- Section 578. Appraisal of Property to be Attached
- Section 579. Guarding of Property
- Section 580. Storage of Valuable Property Removed from a Debtor
- Section 581. Sale of Attached Property
- Section 582. Procedures regarding Sale of Attached Property
- Section 583. Sale of Attached Property on Commission
- Section 584. Notification of an Auction of Movable Property
- Section 585. Notification of an Auction of a Ship
- Section 586. Persons Having no Right to Participate in Bidding
- Section 587. Procedures regarding an Auction of Movable Things
- Section 588. Statement of Auction
- Section 589. Announcement of an Auction as not Having Taken Place
- Section 590. Consequences Resulting from Announcement of an Auction as not Having Taken Place and Second Auction
- Section 591. Declaration of an Auction as Invalid
- Chapter 72 Directing Recovery against Remuneration for Work, Payments Equivalent thereto and other Amounts of Money
- Section 592. Directing Recovery against Remuneration for Work
- Section 593. Information concerning Debtor’s Remuneration for Work and Payments Equivalent thereto
- Section 594. Amount of Deductions from Remuneration for Work and Equivalent Payments of a Debtor
- Section 595. Directing Recovery against Income of a Debtor other than Remuneration for Work
- Section 596. Amounts against which Recovery may not be Directed
- Section 597. Procedures regarding Directing of Recovery against Remuneration for Work, Payments Equivalent thereto and Other Income of a Debtor
- Section 598. Control of the Correctness of Deductions
- Section 599. Directing of Recovery against Payments, which are Due from Other Persons
- Chapter 73 Directing of Recovery against Immovable Property
- Section 600. Notice of Directing of Recovery against Immovable Property
- Section 601. Duties of a Debtor
- Section 602. Rights of Judgment Creditors and Other Creditors
- Section 603. Inventorizing of Immovable Property
- Section 604. Appraisal of Immovable Property
- Section 605. Administration of Immovable Property
- Section 606. Announcement of an Auction of Immovable Property
- Section 607. Security for the Purchase of Immovable Property
- Section 607.1 Initial Auction Price
- Section 608. Procedures regarding an Auction of Immovable Property
- Section 609. Double Auction
- Section 610. Statement of Auction
- Section 611. Effects of an Auction
- Section 612. Inclusions in Purchase Price
- Section 613. Approval of a Statement of Auction of Immovable Property
- Section 614. Auction not Having Taken Place
- Section 615. Consequences of an Auction not Having Taken Place
- Section 616. Second and Third Auctions
- Section 617. Invalid Auction
- Section 618. Sale of Immovable Property Held Jointly
- Chapter 74 Compulsory Delivery of Property Adjudged by a Court; Execution of Actions Imposed by a Court Judgment
- Chapter 74.1 Eviction of Persons and Removal of Property from Premises
- Chapter 74.2 Placing in Possession of Immovable Property
- Section 620.5 Proposal to Voluntarily Execute a Court Adjudication
- Section 620.6 Placing in Possession of Immovable Property in the Presence of the Debtor
- Section 620.7 Placing in Possession of Immovable Property in the Absence of the Debtor
- Section 620.8 Disputes and Complaints in Connection with Placing in Possession of Immovable Property
- Chapter 75 Apportionment Between Judgment Creditors of Amounts Recovered
- Section 621. Issue of Recovered Amounts to Judgment Creditors
- Section 622. Order of Satisfaction of Claims of Judgment Creditors
- Section 623. First Order of Recovery
- Section 624. Second Order of Recovery
- Section 625. Third Order of Recovery
- Section 626. Fourth Order of Recovery
- Section 627. Apportionment of Money Received from Sale of Movable Property Encumbered by a Pledge
- Section 628. Apportionment of Money Received from Sale of Immovable Property Encumbered by a Pledge
- Section 629. Apportionment of Money Received from Sale of a Ship
- Section 630. Order of Recovery in Cases where Property of a Debtor is Confiscated Pursuant to a Judgment in a Criminal Matter
- Section 631. Calculation Drawn up by a Bailiff
- Chapter 76 Protection of Rights of Judgment Creditors, Debtors and Other Persons in Execution of a Court Judgment
- Division Thirteen General Provisions Regarding Execution of Court Judgments
- Part F International Civil Procedure
- Division Fifteen International Civil Procedural Co-operation
- Chapter 77 Recognition and Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Court
- Section 636. Adjudication of a Foreign Court
- Section 637. Recognition of Adjudications of Foreign Courts
- Section 638. Submission of an Application
- Section 640. Adjudication of Applications
- Section 641. Appeal of Decisions of First Instance and Appellate Courts
- Section 642. Competence of Regional Courts and the Senate
- Section 643. Ensuring Execution of a Foreign Court Adjudication
- Section 644. Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Court
- Section 644.1 Staying, Division into Time Periods, and Amendment of the Way or Procedures of the Execution of an Adjudication of the Foreign Court
- Section 644.2 Issues of Execution associated with European Union Execution Documents
- Section 644.3 Refusal of Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Court
- Section 644.4 Submission of Applications regarding the Staying, Division into Time Periods, Amendment of the Way or Procedures, and Refusal of the Execution of an Adjudication of the Foreign Court and European Union Execution Documents
- Section 644.5 Leaving a Submitted Application regarding the Staying, Division into Time Periods, Amendment of the Way or Procedures, and Refusal of the Execution of an Adjudication of the Foreign Court – European Union Execution Documents – Not Proceeded With
- Chapter 77.1 Matters regarding the Unlawful Movement of Children across Borders to a Foreign State or Detention in a Foreign State
- Section 644.6 Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 644.7 Applications for the Issuance of a Request to a Foreign State for the Return of a Child to Latvia
- Section 644.8 Leaving the Application Not proceeded With
- Section 644.9 Adjudication of the Application
- Section 644.10 Competence of the Regional Court
- Section 644.11 Actions after the Taking of a Decision
- Section 644.12 Consequences of Adjudication by a Foreign Court or Competent Institution regarding Non-return of the Child
- Chapter 77.2 Matters regarding the Unlawful Movement of Children across Borders to Latvia or Detention in Latvia
- Section 644.13 Procedures for Adjudicating Matters
- Section 644.14 Jurisdiction regarding Matters
- Section 644.15 Applications for the Return of a Child to the State, which is his or her place of residence
- Section 644.16 Leaving the Application Not proceeded With
- Section 644.17 Searches for Defendant and Child
- Section 644.18 Actions by a Court after the Initiation of a Matter
- Section 644.19 Adjudication of the Application
- Section 644.20 Coming into Effect of Decisions and Appeals
- Section 644.21 Competence of the Regional Court
- Section 644.22 Actions after the Taking of a Decision
- Chapter 78 Recognition and Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Arbitration Court
- Section 645. An Adjudication of a Foreign Arbitration Court
- Section 646. Recognition of Adjudications of Foreign Arbitration Courts
- Section 647. Submission of an Application
- Section 648. Application Left not Proceeded With
- Section 649. Adjudication of Applications
- Section 650. Ensuring Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Arbitration Court
- Section 651. Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Arbitration Court
- Chapter 79 International Legal Co-operation
- Chapter 80 Application of Foreign Laws to Adjudication of Civil Matters
- Chapter 77 Recognition and Execution of an Adjudication of a Foreign Court
- Division Fifteen International Civil Procedural Co-operation
- Transitional Provisions
- Transitional Provisions Regarding Amendments to the Civil Procedure Law
- Annex 1
- Annex 2
Disclaimer: The English language text below is provided by the Translation and Terminology Centre for information only; it confers no rights and imposes no obligations separate from those conferred or imposed by the legislation formally adopted and published. Only the latter is authentic. The original Latvian text uses masculine pronouns in the singular. The Translation and Terminology Centre uses the principle of gender-neutral language in its English translations. In addition, gender-specific Latvian nouns have been translated as gender-neutral terms, e.g. chairperson.
Text consolidated by Tulkošanas un terminoloģijas centrs (Translation and Terminology Centre) with amending laws of:
20 June 2001;
31 October 2002;
19 June 2003;
12 February 2004;
7 April 2004;
17 June 2004;
2 September 2004;
17 February 2005;
9 June 2005;
1 December 2005;
25 May 2006;
7 September 2006;
26 October 2006;
14 December 2006.
If a whole or part of a section has been amended, the date of the amending law appears in square brackets at the end of the section. If a whole section, paragraph or clause has been deleted, the date of the deletion appears in square brackets beside the deleted section, paragraph or clause.
The Saeima1 has adopted and the President has proclaimed the following law:
1 The Parliament of the Republic of Latvia
Part A Division One Chapter 1 Section 2. Adjudging of Civil Matters by Courts
Courts in accordance with the procedures prescribed by this Law and the Law On Judicial Power shall adjudge civil matters.
Translation © 2007 Tulkošanas un terminoloģijas centrs (Translation and Terminology Centre)
Section 3. Time when Legal Norms Regulating Court Proceedings in Civil Matters are in Force
Court proceedings in civil matters shall be regulated by the civil procedural legal norms, which are in force during the adjudication of the matter, the performing of individual procedural actions or the executing of a court judgment. [7 April 2004]
Section 4. Court Instances Regarding Civil Matters Section 5. Application of Legal Norms [7 April 2004]
Section 5.1 Assigning of Matters to the European Court of Justice
A court in accordance with European Union legal norms, shall assign matters to the European Court of Justice regarding the interpretation or validity of legal norms for the rendering of a preliminary ruling. [7 April 2004]
Section 6. Initiation of Civil Matters in Court Section 7. Civil Claims in Criminal Matters Section 8. Determination of Facts in a Civil Matter [25 May 2006]
Section 9. Equality of Parties in the Civil Procedure Section 10. Adversarial Proceedings in Civil Procedure Section 11. Open Adjudication of Civil Matters court sitting or part thereof may be declared as closed: 1) if it is necessary to protect official secrets or commercial secrets;
2) if it is necessary to protect the private life of persons and confidentiality of
correspondence; 3) in the interests of minors; 4) if it is necessary to examine a person who has not reached 15 years of age; or 5) in the interests of court adjudication. [31 October 2002]
Section 12. Adjudication of a Civil Matter by a Judge Sitting Alone and Collegial Adjudication Section 13. Language of Court Proceedings Section 14. Unchangeability of a Court Panel [31 October 2002]
Section 15. Direct and Viva Voce Adjudging of Civil Matters [31 October 2002; 25 May 2006]
Section 16. Judges
A matter shall be adjudicated in the court by judges who have been appointed or confirmed to office in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the Law on Judicial Power.
Section 17. Deciding of Issues in Court Section 18. Judge Not Allowed to Participate in Repeated Hearing of Matter Section 19. Recusal or Removal of a Judge
(1) A judge does not have the right to participate in the adjudicating of a matter if the judge: 1) has in a previous adjudicating of the matter been a participant, witness, expert, interpreter, or the court recorder of the court sitting; 2) is in a relationship of kinship to the third degree, or relationship of affinity to the second degree, with any participant in the matter; 3) is in a relationship of kinship to the third degree, or relationship of affinity to the second degree, with any judge who is a member of the court panel adjudicating the matter; or 4) has a direct or indirect personal interest in the outcome of the matter, or if there are other
circumstances as create well-founded doubt as to his or her objectivity. Translation © 2007 Tulkošanas un terminoloģijas centrs (Translation and Terminology Centre) [31 October 2002]
Section 20. Application for Removal [31 October 2002]
Section 21. Procedure regarding Adjudicating of Removal Applications 1) if the application for removal is in regard to one judge, it shall be adjudged by the rest of the court. If there is an equal distribution of votes, the judge shall be removed; or
2) if the removal has been applied for in regard to more than one judge, it shall be adjudged by the same court in full panel by a majority vote.
[31 October 2002]
Section 22. Consequences of Successful Application for Removal [31 October 2002]
Section 23. Jurisdiction Section 24. Jurisdiction of a District (City) Court
Matters over which a court has jurisdiction shall be examined by a district (city) court, except for matters to be examined, in accordance with law, by a regional court.
Section 25. Jurisdiction of a Regional Court [1 December 2005; 26 October 2006; 14 December 2006]
Section 26. Bringing of Actions in Accordance with the Place of Residence or Location of the Defendant Section 27. Bringing of Actions where the Place of Residence of the Defendant is Unknown
Actions against defendants whose place of residence is unknown, or who have no permanent place of residence in Latvia, shall be brought in a court in accordance with the location of their immovable property or their last known place of residence.
Translation © 2007 Tulkošanas un terminoloģijas centrs (Translation and Terminology Centre)
Section 28. Jurisdiction in Accordance with the Choice of the Plaintiff [19 June 2003; 7 April 2004]
Section 29. Exceptions regarding Jurisdiction Section 30. Jurisdiction by Agreement Section 31. Jurisdiction regarding Several Mutually Related Matters
(1) A counterclaim shall be brought to the court according to the place where the initial claim is to
be adjudicated, irrespective of the jurisdiction of the counterclaim. (2) A civil claim arising from a criminal matter, if such claim has not been submitted or adjudicated during adjudication of the criminal matter, shall, in accordance with the civil procedure, be brought pursuant to the general provisions regarding jurisdiction.
Section 32. Transfer of Matters Accepted as Court Proceedings to Another Court [31 October 2002]
Section 33. Costs of Adjudication [20 June 2001]
Section 34. State Fees
(1) For each statement of claim – original claims or counterclaims, applications of a third person statement of claim with an independent claim regarding the subject-matter of the dispute, submitted in a procedure already commenced, applications in special adjudication procedure matters, and
Translation © 2007 Tulkošanas un terminoloģ Civil Procedure Law
General Provisions
Basic Provisions of Civil Court Proceedings
Principles of Civil Procedure
Section 1. Rights of a Person to Court Protection
examine evidence in the matter.
The testimony of previously examined witnesses as recorded in the minutes, written evidence and
other materials, shall be read out at the request of the parties.
A court is not required to read out the documents in the matter, if the parties consent thereto.
by written proceedings without organising a court sitting. Chapter 2
Composition of the Court
majority vote of the judges.
None of the judges is entitled to abstain from voting.
exist, the judge shall recuse himself or herself before the adjudicating of the matter commences.
judge in the course of adjudicating a matter, the judge shall recuse himself or herself during the
court sitting, stating the reasons for such recusal.
In such a case the court shall adjourn the adjudicating of the matter.
referred to in this Section, apply for removal of a judge or several judges concurrently, stating the
reasons for the recusal of each judge.
application an entry shall be made in the minutes of the court sitting.
merits has commenced.
Removal may be applied for subsequently if the grounds therefor become known during the
adjudicating of the matter.
Chapter 3
Jurisdiction of Civil Legal Disputes
Translation © 2007 Tulkošanas un terminoloģijas centrs (Translation and Terminology Centre)
Chapter 4
Costs of Adjudication